Features landing irgi, its cultivation and reproduction

Irga shrub is very popular among gardeners of all countries.This plant possesses not only decorative properties, but also gives tasty berries, which include important for the human body trace elements and vitamins. The culture is represented by different varieties and is well adapted to the harsh climatic conditions. To grow this shrub you need to know certain rules of planting and care.

Irga is a perennial shrub, which belongs to the Rosaceae family. In some plant species, only one trunk is formed, so they look like a low tree. Since irgu is classified as an apple subfamily, its berries are called apples. North America is considered the birthplace of shrubs, but today it can be found everywhere: in Canada, Japan, the Urals, the Crimea, Siberia and central regions of Russia. Irga has more than 25 varieties that grow in the wild and 10 - bred by gardeners.

The shrub in spring looks especially beautiful when the leaves open and white-pink flower buds begin to bloom, completely covering all the branches. During this period, the tree acquires an elegant look, it seems to be covered with silver frost. The inflorescences of the plant are racemes, and the leafy plates are green; sometimes they may acquire a light pinkish tint. At the end of flowering, the leaves of irgi lose their pubescence and the tree appears in a different form - its crown becomes lush. The shrub trunk is covered with velvety bark of pink or brown-gray color, its height depends on the climatic conditions of growth and can be different, reaching up to 8 meters.

Fruiting irgi, as a rule, occurs in the autumn, at this time small fruits appear on the tree - “apples” - having the form of small brushes. At the first stage of maturation, they have a cream color with a light pink blush, then they become darker and acquire a light purple, dark red or purple tint. The berries have good taste, they are sweet and like not only adults, but also kids. In autumn, the foliage of the shrub is painted in a variety of colors ranging from scarlet, orange and contrasting yellow.

The main advantages of the plant include its rapid growth, precocity and resistance to frost. In addition, the root system of irgi is powerful, therefore it tolerates drought well. Gardeners often use it as a stock for dwarf apple trees and pears, it gives trees stamina. Irga also has good melliferous qualities, its life cycle can be up to 70 years. As for the drawbacks, the plant forms abundant root shoots, so caring for them requires regular cleaning of root branches.

Experienced gardeners who cultivate shadberry on their land plots recommend planting it both in spring and in autumn. At the same time, seedlings planted in the fall, take root better, because they are fully formed and prepared for winter.

Irga is considered to be quite a popular plant among gardeners, as this living, hedge not only looks great in landscape design, but also bears fruit. Despite the fact that irga is an unpretentious plant, it must be able to plant correctly. The most suitable place for shrubs is a well-lit area, in these conditions, their stems will be formed smooth, they will not look for light and stretch to a height. In addition, in the dark areas, an irga bears better fruit. Planting should be carried out in open ground in spring or autumn, the soil is desirable to choose sandy or loamy.

In the Leningrad region and in the Moscow region, where the soil is not saturated with nutrients, seedlings are recommended to be additionally fed with humus. Since late frosts are often observed in this climate zone, landing activities are best performed in the fall. The land plot in the country in this case should be prepared from the spring: remove all the weeds and leave space under the black steam before planting, then dig up the ground and add phosphorus and potash fertilizers (40 g per 1 m2) to it. Dig the soil to be shallow, up to 15 cm.

The landing process itself is simple and looks like this.

• First, quality seedlings are selected, it is best to use one-year or two-year samples. If several shrubs are planned to be planted on the plot, then it is necessary to choose a spacious place for them, since they must be placed in a staggered manner with a distance of 150 cm.
• Then preparing the seat. A hole of 0.6 × 0.6 × 0.5 m is digging, it is similar to that used for transplanting such bushes as honeysuckle, garden blackberry, red and black currant and gooseberry. The top layer of earth needs to be folded separately; compost and sand are added to it in a ratio of 3: 1: 1. Several buckets of humus, 150 g of potassium and 0.4 kg of superphosphate are poured into the hole, forming a small mound, where the seedling will fit.
• The roots of the plant are gently leveled and filled with a prepared mixture consisting of fertile soil and fertilizers. The earth is slightly compacted. It is important to ensure that the neck of the tree remains open.
• Planted plant watered with a bucket of water. The pit should sift, after which it should be filled with soil in such a way that it turns out to be the same level as the garden plot. Pristyvolnuyu circle mulch using peat or humus last year. If the ground part of shadberry is more than 15 cm, it is cut, leaving 4-5 buds on the stem.

Growing irgi in the summer cottage provides not only proper planting, but also proper care for it. The shrub is unpretentious: to grow a beautiful and fruitful plant, it is necessary to cut, water, germinate and feed it in a timely manner. Irga can be grown everywhere, while its agricultural technology depends on the characteristics of the variety and climatic conditions. A huge role is played by the preparation of the bush for the winter. Since the irga is resistant to frost down to -40 ° C, it does not need to be covered, but the area needs to be digged and cleaned of fallen leaves until autumn.

Although the plant tolerates pruning, experts recommend this procedure only when necessary. To reduce the number of pieces and facilitate care, you should follow these rules.

• Before planting irgi should choose a well-lit place, so the sun's rays will penetrate into its dense crown and the stems are formed smooth, unbranched.
• Trimming, as a rule, requires only medium-grown varieties. If you plant a tall tree, it will be difficult to prune it even with the help of a ladder. Therefore, this nuance is important to consider when choosing seedlings.
• The first sweep of the crown is best to start two years after disembarkation. It is desirable to carry out works in the early spring before the sap flow. To do this, cut off all zero shoots, leaving the most powerful.

Therefore, once a season, several old trunks should be removed, providing food for young stems. Last year's vertical increments are shortened by 1/4 part. In older shrubs, you should also cut off the side branches, this will help prevent the expansion in breadth. Places of cuts must be coated with paint on natural olive or oil base.

The most difficult in caring for an irga is considered to be its transplant, since the root system of the plant is located deep in the soil - up to 200 cm. To save themselves from these labor-intensive activities, gardeners recommend initially selecting a convenient place for planting for the shrub. If, however, you cannot do without a transplant, then it is carried out at 7-8 years of plant life. During this period, the plant painlessly transfers the transplant and the diameter of its rhizome does not exceed 125 cm. The extracted seedling is carefully transferred to a new place without disturbing the integrity of the soil on the roots, it is placed in a hole, covered with soil and watered.

Unlike other types of shrubs, irga well tolerates drought, but this does not mean that it should not be watered at all. In order for the long roots of the plant, placed deep in the ground, to constantly receive moisture, it is important to periodically water the hoses; at the same time water must be supplied through the diffuser. Especially important are water procedures during prolonged droughts, they are best performed in the evening. Scattered water droplets at the same time wash away the dust from the leaves and well saturate the earth. After watering the place where the shrub grows, weed and loosen.

Fruiting irgi depends on the feeding, which should be started in the fifth year of its growth. Micronutrients make every season in a digging near-stem circle, retreating from the root collar by 0.3 m. Humus, potassium compounds and superphosphate can be used as fertilizers. Well nourish the bushes and mixtures that include chlorine.

Beginning in the spring and ending in the second half of the summer, the irga needs a liquid feed, so under the seedlings in the evening add 0.5 kg of chicken manure dissolved in water. Fertilize plants preferably after a good rain or abundant watering. As for dry organic matter, it is used in the fall. Trace elements are evenly distributed over the entire surface of the trunk circle, retreating from the bush by 30 cm, after the area is watered.

Irga is very popular with gardeners, because it reproduces not only by vegetative means, but also by seeds. In the first case, you can propagate only varietal bushes. With the vegetative method, the culture can be grafted or planted with green cuttings. Each of the methods is characterized by its own characteristics.

To do this, choose ripe fruit and remove the seeds from them, which are subject to planting in an open place immediately after they are collected. Before planting, a place is prepared and beds are formed. They are fertilized and the seeds are buried by 20 mm. Sowing should be watered and ground well with dry straw or foliage. In the spring there will be high-quality shoots; if the seeds germinate in autumn, they will well endure wintering and will pass the natural sorting.

A similar procedure is performed in the spring. First, select and prepare the stocks, in which quality are the processes of mountain ash. Inoculation is carried out before sap flow at a height of 10-15 cm from the neck of the root. For this, a sharp knife is taken and a wedge-shaped incision is made up to a depth of 3 cm and a length of 4 cm. A wedge stock is placed in the resulting split, the inoculation place is fixed with scotch tape and treated with garden pitch.

Procurement of material should be done in mid-summer, choosing a well-developed bush, growing more than five years. The cuttings are cut from the very tops of the branches from 10 to 15 cm long, while the lower leaf formations should be removed, leaving a pair of leaves at the top. The lower part of the slices is treated with a special solution that stimulates root growth, then they are washed in water and planted in soil under an inclination, keeping a distance of 4 cm.

In this case, use the two-year branches of the irgi, which have a powerful annual stem and many growths. It is best to drop the layers in the spring, when the soil is heated. The top layer of the earth is carefully dug up, fertilizers are applied and the surface is leveled. Then prepare special grooves in which the selected shoots will fit. It is important to pay attention to the fact that they grow as close as possible to the surface of the earth.

The bends, fixed in the grooves, are pinched and when their height reaches 12 cm, it is necessary to fill the landing site with humus or nutritious mixture. Approximately in one month the height of the shoots will exceed 25 cm and it will be possible to fill them with soil up to half. The rooted branches for the next spring or until the autumn are pulled out and moved to a permanent area of ​​growth. Plantations need to be watered with water and to feed in time, and before the start of winter, cover with peat, dry leaves or sawdust.

This method is usually chosen in case you need to transplant an adult plant. These activities are recommended to be carried out in the spring before the beginning of the swelling of the kidneys or in the late autumn, one month before the first frosts. Shrub digging, pruned old branches and removed from the roots of the ground.

After that, the rhizome is divided into separate parts so that each has at least two powerful shoots. It is desirable to cut the old roots, and young roots - trim. Then a full-fledged bush is transplanted to a new place, watered and provided with proper care.

Irga is characterized not only by high tolerance to drought and frosts, but also by excellent resistance to pests and diseases. Very rarely, this plant can suffer from fillostiktosa foliage, gray rot and tuberculosis (drying of the branches). In the event that the appearance of dry branches, the browning of the leaves and the formation of red bumps are noticed on the bushes, then the affected places should be immediately destroyed. For the prevention of tuberculosis, the plant should also be treated in the spring with copper sulphate or Bordeaux mixture.

When the disease phyllocytic disease spot brown and brown spots appear on the leaves, they expand in volume and the foliage begins to fade.

As for gray rot, it manifests itself in the form of spotted formations of brown color on the leaf plates, which eventually spread over the entire surface of the leaf. If you do not take action, the plates will turn yellow, then a mold of gray tint will appear on them and they will die. As a rule, gray rot spreads to those shrubs in which the roots receive excess moisture. Therefore, with similar signs of the disease, it is necessary to reduce watering or transplant the plant to areas with a deep level of passage of groundwater. For prevention, irgu is also sprayed with “Topaz”, Bordeaux mixture and “Kuproksat”.

Irga rarely suffers from pests: if this happens, its irregular seed-eating and mole-pied-eagles are considered its main enemies. The first type of pest usually settles in the fruits of a plant, eats seeds, and then pupates berries. The motley moth damages shrub foliage, its caterpillars drink juice from the plates, after which they begin to dry out and crumble.

About planting and care for igrya ​​see in the next video.