Yellow leaves in an apple tree: causes and treatment

There are many reasons for the yellowing of foliage in apple trees.This may be the impact of pests, as well as metabolic disorders. By the nature of yellowing, an experienced gardener can easily make a diagnosis and take steps to eliminate this negative phenomenon.

The yellowness of the leaves of an apple tree can be caused by several factors:

• pathogens;
• fungus;
• abnormal heat.

The yellowness of the leaves and covering them with dark spots caused by scab, it is also called brown spot. If the “process has begun,” under certain circumstances, the foliage may completely fly around in the middle of summer.

It is possible to fight scab in the following ways: the tree is sprayed with Bordeaux mixture (copper sulfate about 100 grams is dissolved in a bucket of water, a little lime is added). Then the operation is repeated a couple of times with a difference of two weeks. It can also be treated with copper oxychloride. Forty grams of the composition is dissolved in a bucket of water. With this composition, wood is processed almost every day. In this case, apples are not subject to spraying. Bordeaux treatment is done immediately after the infection is detected.

This slows down the overall growth and ripening of fruits. If suddenly in May, yellow spots appeared on the leaves, then the apple tree is likely to be struck with a mosaic: the leaves become a pronounced light yellow color, they turn yellow more and more and eventually fall off. If the mosaic is not neutralized in time, then the apple tree will simply die. Hawthorn mite feeds on buds and foliage, sucking the necessary juices out of the plant. The leaves in this case, too, become yellow and dry. Fruit rot affects the fruit, and from this scourge the leaves turn yellow on a tree in the middle of summer.

If the tree lacks moisture after planting, the leaves also become a yellow color. Apple trees do not grow well in soils dominated by sand. Also, clay and too acidic soils are completely inappropriate for this wonderful plant. Unfavorable soil is reflected in the growth and general well-being of the apple tree. Poor soil contributes to the manifestation of the yellowness of the leaves at the beginning of the warm season, provokes poor yields.

After planting an apple seedling, fertilizers are applied continuously, but only after the plant has taken root and after at least three years. An adult tree needs one watering per month. We must not forget that fertilizers dissolve better and nourish the plant in moist soil. An apple tree necessarily requires 200 to 450 grams of a phosphorus additive; it is introduced during watering (in a liquid substance). Iron apple can be quite enough if the tree is sprayed with iron sulfate, at the same time it is a powerful bactericidal agent against pathogens and ticks.

In the beginning of summer, in the month of June, if the leaves of an apple tree turn yellow, there may be several reasons. The most common of these are weather factors:

• the beginning of summer was dry and the plant lacks moisture;
• too much rain, too much irrigation, too much stagnant water.

If the leaves turn yellow, then watering should be stopped, it should not be done in sunlight, the drops turn into lenses, and the foliage can burn. Herbicides (weed control compounds) can also cause a bright green-yellow color scheme. If such a substance gets on the leaves of the tree, they should certainly be washed with water.

You can notice them on closer inspection under a magnifying glass. To combat such parasites use the chemical composition of "Aktara". It is recommended to water twice, with a difference in time in two weeks.It is also necessary to feed the plant in order to increase its resistant qualities and to stimulate the best metabolism. To prevent the penetration of pests, the trunk is treated with the chemical composition "Fufanonom". Leaves that are affected by pests should be cut off from the branches and burned.

In June - July, moles become active, if they appeared on the plot, then the probability of damage to the root system of the tree is great. It is easy to detect them by characteristic mounds on the surface of the earth. Trap - one of the most effective methods for the elimination of these animals. Sometimes there is a necrotic oncological lesion of an apple tree, the foliage becomes as if it was doused with acid. There is nothing to be done here, such an apple tree should be eliminated and burned.

In the month of May, some of the leaves of the apple tree coagulate and fall off. Most often the culprit of this disease is aphid, which pulls the sap from the leaves. Aphid prefers to accumulate at the ends of branches, against this scourge, you can effectively use the compositions "Konfidor", "Iskra". Since ancient times, tincture of wormwood or garlic is used. Also in the springtime chlorosis may appear, then the foliage becomes whitish-yellow.

It is necessary, as soon as the first signs of this ailment appeared, spray the plant with iron sulfate (2% concentration). Chlorosis can occur due to too much lime concentration, in this case it does not make sense to grow apples on such land.

Weed grasses are very good “markers”:

• convolvulus;
• dandelion;
• yarrow;
• plantain.

It is also useful to use top dressings that generate an acid reaction:

• ammonium nitrate;
• manure.

It is necessary to plant only healthy seedlings, therefore, to purchase such products must be in a proven place, it must have all the certificates. If an apple tree is affected by a mosaic disease, it is disposed of and burned. Mosaic disease causes a special aphid, which is carried by ants. To fight this disease is very difficult.

An important component is choosing the right material for planting. It is recommended to buy seedlings:

• in garden partnerships;
• in nurseries.

The yellowness of the leaves appears in different variations, for example, the leaves coagulate, turn yellow and dry. By indirect evidence, you can determine the cause of this phenomenon. If the color of the foliage changes in the lower part of the plant, then this indicates, first of all, a nutritional deficiency. It is very likely that if a similar phenomenon occurs, then nitrogen deficiency is present in the plant. When the foliage becomes whitish-green, this confirms that the plant lacks potassium.

Magnesium deficiency often occurs in sandy soil when it rains for a long time. The leaves in this case are covered with specks of brown color, then they dry up and curl. The issue can only be resolved by adding the necessary nutrients to the soil. In the case when the crown of the apple begins to turn yellow, it is quite possible that there is too much moisture in the soil; most likely to blame groundwater located close to the surface. Glutinous moisture leads to the death of the plant, this can not be allowed. It is required to do soil drainage.

If oily spots are formed on the leaves, then this is a sure sign of plant infection with scab. The leaf acquires a velvety patina, then it becomes brown and dries out. In addition to the Bordeaux mixture, in this case, “Skor” and “Fitosporin” should be used. It is also necessary to strengthen the plant by feeding it with nitroammofoskoy. If the apple tree is planted more than 12 cm deeper than the norm, then this can also provoke early yellowing of the leaves.Soil with alkaline composition or oversaturated with lime and manure is also a prerequisite for early yellowing.

Other reasons due to which the leaves turn yellow:

• lack of proper amount of iron, without it normal photosynthesis is impossible;
• freezing and dying off of the roots;
• lack of oxygen in the soil due to an excessively large amount of moisture.

Sometimes the trunk does not weaken the binding, it cuts into the bark, which leads to a violation of metabolism in the trunk, it can also cause yellowing of the foliage.

There is also a complete incompatibility of the scion and rootstock, which is why the incorrectly grafted surfaces grow together. Main reasons:

• apple trees planted in the wrong ground;
• tree planted with impaired;
• defeat by harmful microorganisms;
• defeat by low temperatures;
• waterlogging.

If the nettle grows near the apple tree, then it confirms the presence of the necessary amount of nitrogen. If there are a lot of dandelions growing around - this indicates a deficiency of nitrogenous compounds. It is extremely harmful for apple trees aphid, which sucks all the juices, causing the leaves to curl and fall.

Apples that are rotten, fold into deep holes and fall asleep. If this is not done, there will be a threat of infection by the fungus of other plants. A simple and effective way to protect the apple from pest damage is to whitewash the stems with lime.

It is best to process apples:

• iron sulphate;
• Bordeaux mixture;
• any fungicides.

All work with chemistry should be carried out before the appearance of foliage, as well as in late autumn, when the tree is preparing for winter. It is also required to regularly feed in the garden.

In the autumn, all fallen leaves must be collected and burned - this is an effective preventive measure to eliminate parasites that provoke diseases. Chlorosis, which is a very common disease in apple trees, is especially dangerous. Preventive measures should be taken so that it does not arise. When iron deficiency is present, the photosynthesis process is inhibited in the leaves, which negatively affects the metabolism. It is necessary to do prophylactic spraying with iron chelate.

There may be several reasons for the lack of iron:

• too much salt has appeared in the soil;
• excessive amount of fertilizer was applied;
• groundwater level has risen.

There are many more reasons, but timely spraying with iron chelate is recommended as a preventive measure. This composition has a low degree of danger, however, you should not forget about the use of personal protective measures (respirator, goggles).

Iron sulfate should be applied with caution. If the earth has an increased acidity, then it is necessary to refrain from the use of this compound, it will additionally oxidize the soil. Liquid root dressings are added around the periphery of the crown of the tree, there is the bulk of the roots. Often, special small pits are made to a depth of 25 cm, at a distance of about 55 cm from a tree trunk; Pour fertilizing into these holes or powder is poured half a teaspoonful. This measure is simple and effective over a long period of time.

The reasons for the change in the color of leaves and the treatment of apple trees, see the following video.