Varieties of apples: varieties and their description

It is difficult to say whether there is a garden or a dacha, wherever this universally beloved tree grows. Apple tree pleases residents of more than half of the world with its fruits. To date, breeders have created hundreds of varieties and varieties of the fruit we are used to. Dozens of tastes of pulp and skin tones are striking with their variety. You can eat them fresh straight from the branch, dry or cook fragrant golden jam. Apples will find their fans in any form and in every corner of the globe.

Different varieties of apples are created so that everyone can grow for themselves this versatile in use and surprising in its beneficial qualities fruit. Some species are distinguished by honey shades of fruit flavor, others - by good preservation and commercial purpose. Created varieties resistant to frost and various diseases, decorative and dwarf, with a spreading crown and kolonovidnaya apple. All of them delight the eye with their filling sides and give pleasure to a juicy taste.

According to its description, both wild and domestic apple trees have common basic features. It is a tree with white or pinkish petals, tall, reaching from 6 to 15 meters in height. Under natural conditions, culture grows almost throughout the entire territory of Eurasia and North America.

To cultivate forest apple began many centuries ago. Now its fruits are grown not only in the household, but also in industrial quantities. Apple exports are engaged in such countries as Poland, Germany, China, Moldova, Ukraine, Italy and Canada. Such popularity is due not only to the general availability of cultivation, but also the beneficial properties of apples. They contain in their composition a whole group of vitamins, minerals, fruit acids and essential oils, as well as essential fiber.

Species differ in the maturity of the fruit and the time of entry of the seedling in the stage of active fruiting. The essential characteristic is winter hardiness and the ability of the variety to resist diseases of fruit trees. The scope of use of apple trees are divided into decorative and fruit. There are varieties that have both of these qualities - they are columnar apple trees. Divide the plants and the height and shape of the crown. The fruits themselves differ in weight and color of apples, as well as in taste characteristics.

Rarely meet, but no less interesting are these types of apple trees, as low-growing or dwarf, as well as creeping species. Among the great variety it is easy to get confused. The detailed classification with a description of the most important qualities of plants and fruits will help determine the choice of variety for planting on your plot.

You should start by choosing the right variety. To do this, do not forget about climatic zoning and the purpose of growing fruit. Before buying a sapling, you need to decide whether fruits will be grown for themselves or for commercial purposes. You should also establish the primacy of such characteristics for the tree as immunity, cold resistance, taste, shelf life, possibilities for processing, size and life of the future tree.

It is necessary to take into account the frequency of visits to the summer cottage and the possible allocation of time for the care of the plant. From this will depend largely on yield. There are also such varieties of apples that need to be removed from the tree, not allowing them to fall off (as “White filling”).

Do not think when choosing a plant that there are bad and good varieties. Each of them will be perfect for growing for their own purposes. Someone to taste a juicy sour, and someone prefers a sweet, grainy flesh. For some gardeners, it is important to ripen as early as possible, for others - the tolerance of cold winter frosts.Many people like the red color of sweet apples, while others prefer the hard juicy flesh of green fruit. Today, universal varieties are able to meet many requirements at once, both in taste and in agrotechnical properties of this crop.

According to reviews of beginners and experienced gardeners, not only well-tested varieties are worthy of attention. You can also trust the development of modern breeding. Among them, such as "Star" and "Pink Pearl." They take their rightful place in the top ten varieties and "Aport", as well as a variety of "Golden Delicious" with an excellent candy flavor duchesse. Berry Siberian receives good reviews for its versatile use of fruits and the resistance of the plant to the most adverse conditions.

The most common classification of varieties - according to the ripening of fruits. They may occur at the beginning, end of summer or mid-autumn with the onset of the first day frost. For regions with a short summer and a harsh climate, it is recommended to plant early ripe varieties. The southern climate is less demanding on the choice of seedlings. For warm regions, tree resistance to parasites, diseases and various pests is much more important.

Such fruits ripen by early August. They are characterized by higher sugar content and vegetable starch in fruits compared to other varieties. They usually have a sweet taste without acid and a juicy, powdery pulp. Such apples are unsuitable for transportation and sale. They retain their qualities for no more than four days. If the fruits have fallen, then they should be processed or eaten immediately. Such varieties are good for making pies and fillings, jam and pastila production (due to the high content of pectin).

"White Rose" came to us from southern latitudes. This beauty does not have a traditional forest ancestor and does not resemble trees that are familiar in appearance. The fruits are suitable for growing in areas with a mild, warm climate. They are pear-shaped and light pink or white with thin skin. In apples, crispy, white, sweet with a slightly watery taste, pitted flesh. Especially like the fruits of such children.

The Legenda apple tree of the sort of skoroplodnaya pleases with large fruits already in the second year of the seedling's life. The tree grows low with a compact arrangement of branches on the crown. The plant has excellent cold-resistant characteristics and good immunity to diseases, resistance to pests. The small tree has a rather compact, densely pubescent crown. Full harvest will be around the fifth year of the apple tree. It gives fruit annually even with moderate care. About 100 kilograms of fruits of excellent taste can be collected from an adult plant.

From year to year, the yield of the variety may vary, this is a feature of the Legend apple trees. The average weight of the fetus reaches 180 grams. The apple is round, slightly elongated into a truncated pyramid. Basically, all the fruits on the same tree grow the same in weight. A dark red blush spreads over almost the entire area along the yellow-green ribbed skin. On it separate stripes of darker shade can be drawn. A distinctive characteristic of the form is the honey aroma and dessert taste of the fruit. Pulp without grain, yellowish, rich in juice.

“Summer striped” is a long-familiar and much-loved variety due to its universal characteristics, allowing it to grow apples of this type from Siberia and the Urals to the most southern regions. The tree grows tall, with a crown of a spreading type, without much thickening. Fruits appear on the 5-6th year of apple growth and ripen every season. The culture is distinguished by frost resistance and drought tolerance, undemanding care.It is well adapted to various tree diseases, practically not affected by scab and dew.

The variety is quite productive and versatile in the use of the crop. Apples grow medium size with a weight of about 100 grams. Fruits are evenly shaped, a slight ribbing of a green surface with scarlet stripes is possible. The flesh is white, not hard, with a fine-grained structure, has a sweet-sour taste and a delicate flavor.

The disadvantage of the variety is the poor transport quality and safety of the fruit in just a few weeks.

The well-known “White Pouring” was named for the shape and color of the fruit. The tree grows medium in height with a medium-wide round crown, practically does not require formation. The tree begins to bear fruit after four years and gives a stable harvest. Acceptable tolerates frosts of the middle zone and is immune to most diseases. On the tree grow roundish, slightly flattened from the ends of the fruit with thin skin and juicy sweet flesh. In technical ripeness, the apples are yellow with slightly looking greens. Upon reaching full maturity, the skin is yellow with a whitish gloss.

The fruits of "Early Sweet" ripen by the end of July. A low tree up to three meters in height begins to bear fruit by the fourth year of growth. It has a fairly branched oval-shaped crown. Apples are medium in size, slightly irregular in shape. Under the pale yellow skin is whitish sweet flesh without sour taste. The variety has cold-resistant qualities and is resistant to major diseases, including fruit scab. Will delight “Early Sweet” and stable annual yield.

"Papirovka" - a medium-high plant, having a well-leafy compact crown. Resistance to frost in a tree is average, there is good immunity to diseases and most pests. The disadvantage of "Paping" is the risk of scab infecting a tree during a bad rainy summer.

Fruits appear after five years, growing almost every year. Ripened, slightly elongated to the ends of apples closer to the second decade of August. A characteristic feature of their appearance is the seam along the entire yellow surface of the skin. By ripening in the sun, the side of a sweet and sour fruit may slightly browned.

The variety "Melba" is valued for its good transportability of fruits and their presentable appearance. Light green fruits with red stripes ripen on juicy fruits on a medium-high tree with a dense crown slightly elongated in width. They are able to lie in storage for at least a month and have a pleasant sour-sweet taste. Apple trees bear fruit every year, starting with the fifth year of growth on the site. For the middle band, the variety has sufficient cold resistance.

"Stark Erliest" is one of the earliest varieties. The plot will successfully house an apple tree of medium height with a pyramid-shaped crown slightly extended upwards. Return crop can be obtained already in the fourth year. It will grow steadily almost every year. Good winter hardiness of the variety makes it possible to cultivate it even in the regions of Siberia. With the onset of prolonged rain and cold, there is a likelihood of plant damage by powdery mildew. For other diseases, the apple tree has a good immunity.

Medium-sized apples are round, legs taper somewhat towards the opposite end. The scarlet color fills almost the entire yellow-green surface of the skin. The fruits are very juicy, with a pleasant refreshing taste. They are stored on average for three weeks and ripen on the apple tree not immediately, which dictates the harvesting technique in several stages.

“Borovinka” tolerates winter well, but can be significantly affected by scab in poor climatic conditions. Apples appear after six years of tree growth. The yield of the variety is quite high, but ripening apples should be harvested very quickly, as they can crumble and are stored for about two weeks. Rip fruit at the very beginning of September. They have a very beautiful yellow color in ripeness with red stripes all over the surface. Juice-rich apples have a sweet-sour taste that is familiar to Central Russia.

"Moscow Pear" is so named for the aroma of the fruit and sweet, pear-like taste. Apple trees can grow tall, usually with spreading branches. It has a good winter hardiness and disease resistance. By the fourth year, yellow fruits of medium size with firm juicy pulp appear on the apple tree. With a rather early ripening in early August, apples are characterized by poor portability of shipments. The advantages of culture is a stable return of the crop.

“Golden Chinese” is distinguished by tall apple trees with a crown in the shape of a panicle in the early stages of growth. On an adult plant a weeping crown is formed. Average winter hardiness is compensated by a good plant immunity. The fruits ripen very early, already in mid-July, and immediately begin to crumble. Therefore, one should not wait for the full ripening of apples, but rather shoot them with a slightly sour taste, when they still retain their aroma and juiciness. Fruits grow small, weighing 60-80 grams, with a yellowish skin and a light pink blush.

The variety "Candy" has significant taste advantages over other similar varieties. It gives fruit in time, depending on the parent stock. If it was a low-growing tree, then the “Candy” will be pleased with the harvest two years later. With a classic-sized stock, an apple tree begins to bear fruit in the fifth year. The variety has good winter-hardy qualities, so the tree is not afraid of even the harsh Siberian frosts.

Quite large fruits ripen in August. They grow round shape with yellow skin, covered with red stripes, which can spill at full ripeness almost the entire surface of the apple.

"Dream" is one of the universal varieties, successfully growing in different regions of the country. It is winter hardy and has good immunity, including to wood scab. Quite large apples begin to appear on a small plant by the age of 3-4. "Dream" brings a consistently high yield annually. Fruits have a slightly elongated shape with rounded sides. The skin is thin, cream-colored with rare pink stripes. The flesh is very pleasant to the taste, from sweet and sour to sweet.

Apple-tree varieties "Mironchik" different tall and elegant crown. A tree can live up to half a century, as it experiences winters very well and is generally unpretentious. Apples ripen to mid-August. At this time, they have a yellow color and hard pulp, different juiciness and sweet taste. The average weight of such a fruit is about 110 grams. Mironchik apples picked from a branch can lie for about a month.

For the Suislepka variety, a moderately medium-sized tree is typical with a neat round crown or branches growing in the shape of a pyramid. Crop harvested only from 5-6 years of life of the plant. The apple tree is hardy and stably will delight a good harvest of sour-sweet apples. Fruits ripen by the end of August, as indicated by their whitish-yellow color with a reddish striped side. The weight of one fruit is from 90 to 130 grams. The apple has a round, slightly flattened shape, a pleasant smell of ripe fruit and flesh with small grains, pleasant to the taste.

To please a familiar gardener can be a variety of "Super Prekos." The tree grows medium high and fairly compact.It gives fruits in the fourth year of active growth and indulges with an excellent harvest every summer season. A pleasant quality of the variety is the ripening of fruits that ripen before the well-known “White filling”.

A tall tree of the Yandykovsky variety has a densely branched crown and a strong root system. Thanks to these features, the apple tree is experiencing winter without problems, is not afraid of droughts, and has a strong immunity to disease. The annual harvest will be available from the fifth year of tree growth. The fruits ripen quite early, they can be collected by the second decade of July. Apples under good conditions can be stored in a cool place for about three weeks. The fruits are rather large, round, slightly flattened at the poles of the form.

Late species begin to collect from the end of September and later. They are distinguished by a tough skin, thanks to which they tolerate transportation and retain their commercial qualities for a long time. They can be stored until spring.

The variety "Berkutovskoye" was bred more than forty years ago from "Antonovka" and "Anisa" and bears the name of one of its creators. The tree is medium-high, has a spherical sparse crown. The high-yielding species is also skoropplodny, starting to give a harvest from the third year of life. Apples are harvested steadily every year. The plant successfully transfers winters of an average strip, is steady against droughty seasons. There is good immunity to disease. But a tree can be affected by powdery mildew when long rainy weeks come. Fruits in relation to the size of the tree grow very large and well kept.

Under the right conditions, they can lie for almost the entire spring. Individual fruits can weigh over 230 grams. Apples almost regular round shape with a bumpy skin surface. Yellow shiny skin is often covered with scarlet stripes that can merge into a vast blush. The flesh is white, crunches when biting, very juicy. Taste and smell of apples tasters are rated for the highest score.

The medium-high Imrus tree has a slightly thickened crown. The tree is cold-resistant and well resistant to diseases, including scab of apple trees. Skoroplodny variety begins to yield from the third year. The fruits ripen by early October and can be stored all winter. Apple tree has a good yield almost every season. The average weight of the fruit is about 90 grams. It is slightly flattened at the ends and has a ribbed surface. Green skin is covered in ripeness with light red spots. The flesh has a creamy hue, juicy sweet and sour taste and medium density.

"Imants" is a relatively young variety, distinguished by small-sized plants with compact crown dimensions. Fruits grow very quickly, already from the second year, and give a high annual yield. The variety has good winter hardiness. It is also valuable due to its excellent immunity to many diseases. The main advantages of "Imanta" are very decent yield, excellent keeping quality of fruits and the ability to withstand long shipments.

The fruits are very large, rounded, slightly beveled at a cone at one end. Ribbed green skin is almost completely covered with reddish blush. Pulp with a greenish tint, medium hardness. The granularity is almost imperceptible in the crispy, juice-filled pulp with a slightly acidic flavor.

Apple trees "Spartan" were bred at the beginning of the last century for the cultivation of fruit trees in production volumes. The average height of the plant has a flat crown, not needing pruning.After five years, the tree begins to produce abundantly fruits, the number of which increases steadily every year. Universal appearance has medium frost resistance characteristics and good resistance to all major diseases.

Fruits ripen by the last decade of September almost all at the same time, but do not fall off. They also have good preservation until mid-spring. The hue of the wax can give the surface a bluish tint. The shape of the fruit is round, sometimes slightly elongated.

Varieties that ripen in the first autumn month look great and are stored for a long time. Under appropriate conditions, it is possible to ensure the safety of fruits until the end of winter. This makes them suitable for cultivation for sale.

“Scarlet Anise” is distinguished by very tall trees with a dense crown extended upwards. The variety is very fruitful: more than 250 kilograms of fruit can be harvested from one adult tree. But it does not bear fruit every season. Due to the powerful root system, the plant is resistant to dry periods and has good frost resistance, but can be affected by black tree cancer. The tree comes into fruiting six years after planting. Fruits can begin to shoot in September, and they lie for more than three months. Apples grow small in size, rounded, with a slight ribbing surface. Skin is green with a red blush and a brilliant bloom.

"Striped Anis" differs from its counterpart in slightly improved characteristics. It also tolerates the winter and dry months. In addition, it is not affected by cancer, but scab prevention for this variety should be carried out regularly. From the sixth year on the tree appear the first fruits.

To delight with high yields, unlike its scarlet counterpart, the variety will be annually. The fruits ripen by the end of summer and can be successfully stored all winter, if you periodically monitor them and remove damaged apples in time. Fruits grow small in size, with an average weight of 90 grams. They are slightly flattened at the ends.

"Sverdlovsk Anis" is suitable for growing by residents of most regions due to its good winter hardiness and good health. It is only necessary to ensure that the plant is not affected by scab. Apple tree grows medium size with a crown that does not require formation. Fruits begin to grow with the fourth year of growth of a sapling.

Sverdlovsk Anis bears fruit every year. About 70 kilograms of apples are harvested from one adult plant by the second half of September. Fruits can be stored for several months if they were harvested directly from a branch. The apple grows medium in size with a creamy greenish skin. Fruits appear on the sunny side with a reddish striped blush. They are juicy and very pleasant to the taste, with delicate light flesh without powderiness.

For lovers of long-stored large apples, the Auxis variety will suit. Its characteristics are the good ability of the plant to tolerate frosts and relative resistance to fungal diseases. On a low tree with compact branches located fruits appear in the fifth year. The variety will enjoy a stable annual harvest from the beginning to the end of the first autumn month.

Apples in shape somewhat resemble a turnip and have a light yellow with red skin. Solid, saturated with juice, fragrant pulp, sweetness in the taste of which, with a little noticeable sourness, will appeal to almost everyone. You can store fruit in the refrigerator until spring.

An important advantage of apple trees of the Baltika variety is a very high yield (up to 230 kg of fruit from an adult tree) and good apple transportability. The tree of medium height has a group of branches expanding gradually upwards in the form of a panicle. It begins to yield by the fifth year after disembarkation. Apple picks this variety annually.

Baltika is distinguished by its resistance to various diseases. A good tolerability of winter and low requirements for care make the culture universal in climatic zoning. Fruits ripen to the beginning of autumn and can lie intact for up to seven weeks. Large apples have the correct form. Under the yellow solid skin with a scarlet side is juicy, sweet white inside. Immature fruits may slightly sour.

"Bessemyanka Michurin" has excellent taste characteristics. A tall plant with a large crown winters well and confronts the main diseases of fruit trees. In the fifth year of growth, the first apples appear. The variety is characterized by stable annual average yield of apples. Fruits begin to ripen from the beginning of autumn unevenly. Therefore, the collection is usually carried out in several stages to avoid falling off the apples. They can be stored without a refrigerator until the beginning of winter. Apples of medium size are yellow with a greenish tint color. The skin is colored with crimson strokes and stripes. The flesh is yellow in technical ripeness, quite juicy, different sweetness with a noticeable acidity.

Good dessert qualities of Zhigulevskiy variety apples have long become popular with gardeners. The apple tree of this species has a crown on the trunk of a medium size, thinned out in the shape of a pyramid. The disadvantage of the variety is the possibility of scab infecting the tree in rainy summer. The fruit tree shows by the sixth year. And in four more seasons up to two hundred kilograms of juicy fruits can be collected from an apple tree. In September, the fruits ripen in a round yellow color with a rare red or red side. They can be stored for at least two months.

The excellent quality of Cinnamon New variety apples is their high taste value. Difficulties in cultivation are the need for regular pruning of thick, highly located crown. In general, the variety is noted for frost resistance and acceptable culture immunity characteristics. Six years after planting, fruits appear on the plant. The irregularity of the removal of fruits is justified by its volumes. Fruit harvested in September can be stored for most of the winter. Fruits with an average weight of 140 grams have a round, slightly flattened to the tip shape. The surface is greenish with non-uniform specks of scarlet hue. Gentle, powdery tone of the pulp is different dessert characteristics, for which he is valued by lovers.

The relative “Cinnamon striped” is valued for the friendly return of the annual harvest of medium-sized fruits. Their first appearance will have to wait up to seven years. But then the good fees and low consumption of plants in the care will pay for patient waiting. The plant grows medium with a sprawling round regular shape crown. The variety is cold resistant and resistant to diseases and pests. The collection is carried out from the second decade of September, not allowing fruit to fall to the ground.

In this case, they can survive for nine weeks. Repeated fruits weighing up to 100 grams are colored golden with a slightly noticeable greenish tint color. By the time of maturation, a pink speckled blush is formed on the skin. The pulp is sour-sweet, with a sufficient amount of juice.

Krasa Sverdlovskaya has an excellent taste value and a very long shelf life until the end of spring.In addition, the culinary variety is popular due to the high percentage of vitamin C in fruits. The tree is medium in size with a rounded sparse crown enters the fruitful phase from the fourth year of life. The plant is winter-hardy and well resistant to various diseases. The fruits are removed as late as possible for mid-season varieties - at the end of September.

An adult tree, with the proper support of branches, can produce a crop weighing more than 80 kilograms of fresh fruit. Apples differ large-fruited: the average weight of one can reach 150 grams. Their shape is round, widely flattened. The skin is a shiny, milky color with a scarlet side, which can fill with color up to 3/4 of the surface. Apples are very sweet to taste, with juicy firm pulp. With a lack of sun in taste may be slightly sour.

"Orlovskaya garland" suitable gardeners middle lane. It has fairly low trees with a dense crown, requiring pruning at least once every two years. Universal view is winter-hardy and copes well with diseases, including scab and powdery mildew. Apples appear after four years of growth of the tree. It gives a stable high yield every season. Ripen by the middle of September and can be stored until the end of winter. Medium-sized apples grow in the form of turnips. The skin is colored in a golden tone with a bright blush. The pulp even in ripeness has a greenish color and a sour taste. The fruits are very juicy with a granular consistency.

It has long been known variety "Autumn striped". He is loved by many for his high yield and excellent taste properties of apples. A tall plant has an impressive crown size. Such a giant can adapt to the harsh winter and even after freezing survives well, growing new shoots. The variety has a stable immunity to diseases and pests. Late fruiting from the seventh year is justified by returning the crop to two hundred kilograms from an adult tree.

The safety of the fruit is usually before the onset of winter. The apples are large, slightly resembling a cone in shape with ribs on the surface. Pale yellowish skin is covered with orange-red speckles. The flesh of the fruit is very delicate, pleasant to taste, snow-white.

Fruits of the Riga Dove variety are very attractive, but poorly transportable. The classical form of the tree has a round shape rather thick branches. Winter-hardy qualities are acceptable for the middle band. At the same time, “Riga Dove” has good resistance against various types of fungal diseases and pests. The first fruits will be tied up by the fourth year of the seedling's life. Harvest can be periodically, through the season. This does not mean that every second year there will be no apples at all. But they will be many times less than in the high season.

The peculiarity of the variety is that removable ripeness comes for fruits by the first half of September, and the most attractive in taste for consumption are apples only in a month. When harvested in October, fruit will be stored for about nine weeks. Larger fruits have a slightly elongated shape. You can collect them already light green, whitish. And when fully dressed, the apples will have a milky color with a blush illuminated by the sun. Their flesh is very juicy, light, with a sour-sweet taste.

Fruits of excellent quality will give the apple tree varieties "September". It is quite high, the branches grow in the shape of a pyramid and are characterized by medium thickening. Acceptable frost-resistant qualities attract attention to seedlings, as well as enviable immunity. Depending on the condition of the seedling, the apple tree will produce in 5-7 years. The yield at the "September" is quite high, more than 120 kilograms per bush. Large rounded fruit slightly elongated to the peduncle. The rind is yellow with subtle red patches or stripes.The fruit is unusually juicy, with a delicate sweet taste, barely perceptible sourness.

Powerful trees of the Tambov variety have a developed system of roots and a lush branched crown. The plant withstands frost well up to 30 degrees, but its resistance to scab is weak. In general, the variety has good immunity to diseases of fruit trees. Fruits appear in the fifth year of the plant.

The Tambov variety has high, but not annual, harvests. Apples ripen in September, are large and have a rounded, slightly elongated shape. On pale skin, red specks are poured out by the beginning of autumn. The flesh is sweet, juicy, with a fine grain structure. Fruits when removed from a tree can last up to three months. The variety is appreciated for the excellent sweet taste of apples and pleasant aroma.

The fruits of the variety “Uralets” will delight the owners of land in areas with a harsh climate. A tall pyramidal plant with a crown will show all its best characteristics in frost resistance and disease resistance. The culture also enters a phase of fruiting too quickly, by the third year of growth. The variety has an average yield and size of fruits that ripen at the end of summer. Fruits are round, markedly flattened, with a scarlet, distinctly noticeable flush on the skin of creamy light. The flesh is tender, sour-sweet, with a texture with fine grains. You can store apples for up to nine weeks. The main advantage of "Ural" is considered the early entry into the phase of fruiting and endurance plants.

Frost resistance and good adaptation abilities attract attention to the “Ural bulk” variety. Plants of this species grow tall, with a regular round crown of medium thickness. The tree hibernates well in the most severe frosts and has sufficient resistance against pests and diseases. Early entry into fertile age is another of the main advantages of the variety: the fruits appear on the third season after planting.

The fruits ripen to the very beginning of autumn and can lie for about seven weeks intact. Fruits are small, regular spherical shape. Light yellowish skin on the sunny side can be speckled with a reddish color. Apples are juicy, sour-sweet, have an average grain size of the flesh.

“Saratov saffron” will delight the gardener with the valuable taste characteristics of fruits and the excellent commercial properties of the crop. The tree grows medium high with sprawling branches. The high fruitfulness of the “Saratov saffron” is one of its main advantages and imposes requirements for the preparation of supports for the branches. The culture has a very strong immunity against all types of standard fruit diseases.

An important quality is the good frost resistance of the variety. Apple tree gives fruit after five years of growth in the garden. More than 130 kilograms of fruits ripening in September are harvested from one adult plant. You can store them in a cool room until the winter. Apples are very large, rounded-cone-shaped. Red stripes appear on the golden-green skin with light green. Yellow flesh has a dense texture, characterized by richness and sweetness of taste.

The variety "Kandil Orlovsky" was bred relatively recently, but has already managed to earn the love of connoisseurs. The medium-high tree has a crown with irregularly shaped branches. They are quite rare and do not need to be formed. But it may be necessary to support the branches during the period of intensive fruiting, as the variety is high-yielding even with normal care. The variety has a strong root system, thanks to which its frost-resistant characteristics are above average for similar species.

"Kandil Orlovsky" has excellent immunity, and scab and does not get sick because of the resistance developed at the gene level. Apples appear as early as the third year and grow annually, yielding stable yields.Apples are large in size, have a very beautiful, neat elongated shape. The surface is ribbed with a shiny yellow skin, covered with scarlet stains of blush. The fruits have a pleasant aroma of pulp. It is juicy, firm, with a green tint of color. The taste is sweet with a slightly sour taste in the stage of technical maturity.

The classic Antonovka, familiar to many with tall trees and an oval-shaped arrangement of branches, begins to bear fruit in the seventh season. The variety has good frost resistance and tolerability of various diseases. Occasionally there is a threat of defeat plants scab. Technical ripeness occurs by the end of September, and apples can ripen before the onset of frost. The yield of Antonovka is very high.

Fruits can lie in the cold until mid-February. Fruits of medium size have a golden-green matte skin without bloom. The flesh is yellowish, hard, rich in juices. The taste is distinctly sweet and sour. The yield of harvest is good, but not annual, which is a feature of this variety.

Tall trees of the "Aport" variety have medium frost resistance characteristics and good immunity. Apples appear on the tree five years after planting. Harvest very large scarlet fruits can be in the second half of September. Apples are widely rounded, elongated at one end. Can be stored fruit until mid-winter. They are distinguished by a slightly greenish color of tender flesh with a fine granularity of the structure. The juiciness is average, the taste of the fruit is pleasant, sweet with a sour tinge.

"Aphrodite" is distinguished by tall slender plants with medium-root crown. High frost-resistant characteristics and ability to resist various diseases make the species suitable for cultivation in different regions. The fruits ripen to the second half of the first autumn month and may be in safety for more than three months. Apples of medium size, flattened form have a knobby surface. The color of the skin is yellow with splashes or stripes of a dark red-burgundy tone.

Sort "Bezhin meadow" has tall trees with a spherical dense shovel branches. The apple tree winters well and boasts disease resistance. The apple matures by mid-September and can remain intact almost until the end of winter. Large fruits have an elongated shape with silver skin. The golden-green apple slightly browns in the sun. The body of the apple is dense, whitish and small. "Bezhin Meadow" is one of the most common types in the middle lane and is valued for its high yield and adaptability to transportation.

"Belarusian synop" is suitable for processing fruits into billet, as it has a satisfactory taste and good preservation in winter. The variety forms a powerful apple tree with a crown in the shape of a pyramid. Frost resistance and excellent plant immunity are its competitive advantages. Fruits can be removed by the end of September, and they will be stored for almost the entire spring. Quite large fruits have the correct rounded slightly elongated shape. The skin is covered with a light red blush under the sun. The flesh of the apple is firm, greenish, fine-grained structure.

The fruits of "Berkutovsky" appear after the fourth year of life of the seedling on the site. The tree grows medium with a branched crown. The plant is very unpretentious: it withstands severe cold and summer periods of drought. In addition, it has good resistance to diseases and pests. Tree fruit steadily and every year.Apples grow large, round, with rich red stripes on a greenish-yellow skin.

The flesh is pale yellow, juicy, high density. Grain slightly noticeable with a sweet with a light acid taste. An additional advantage of this variety is the good preservation of the fruit.

The name of the variety "Bogatyr" speaks for itself. The tree grows powerful with a wide crown. Enters a fruitful phase late, only by the seventh year, but the crop gives annually. Fruits have good commercial properties and excellent preservation throughout the winter and spring. Medium sized apples have a flattened form with ribbing. Fruits with pale green skin have a white, juicy flesh. The taste of the fruit is pleasant, refreshing, sweet and sour.

"Bolotovsky" variety has high yields while maintaining excellent quality not to the detriment of quantity. A tall tree has a regular circular shape of a fork. Excellent plant survives the winter and exhibits good immune qualities. The fruits ripen in September and can lie almost all winter. It is important to remove the fruits in time, as they ripen at one time and can crumble. The apples are large and flattened with noticeable ribbing. The peel is medium density, yellow-green. Flesh with a green tint, juicy and quite firm. The taste of the fruit is classic, sweet with a sour tinge.

Bratchud is an interesting view of a dwarf apple tree with a flat crown. Differs in acceptable characteristics of resistance to diseases and cold resistance. It is dangerous for it to be infected with scab in poor environmental conditions. Fruits appear on the tree by the third year of growth. The crop is able to give high yields every season. Fruit preservation is good and exceeds four months. Fruits of medium size have a slightly elongated shape. Under the yellow-greenish skin is white flesh. "Bratchud" variety apples are juicy, crunchy, with a coarse-grained pulp structure.

The classic variety "Bryansk" is ideal for almost any gardener. It has excellent commercial properties and is suitable for all types of canning and fresh consumption. The average tree height increases not very thick crown. Winter hardiness, good immunity and low shedding of apples make "Bryansky" a favorite of gardeners with experience. The disadvantage of the variety is fruit rot exposure.

Fruiting tree early - from the third year after planting, and stable. Fruits are able to be stored until the end of winter. The fruits are very large, usually with an average weight above 200 grams. They have the correct form with a slight ribbing. Apples are green with bright white flesh, juicy, with a sour-sweet taste.

The high-yield Venyaminovsky plant has tall trees with a crown of medium thickening. The variety is resistant to frost and diseases. Apples ripen in mid-September and can be stored until the end of January. Large fruits have a flat-conical shape, slightly sloping, with ribs. A green apple with a red tint with white coarse flesh is juicy enough, sweet to taste with the presence of sourness.

Medium-high "Veteran" has a rounded shape of a branching, quite compact. Frost resistance and disease resistance in a variety of average. From the moment of planting until the appearance of the first fruits, four years pass. Fruits ripen throughout September and are stored until spring. With small sizes, the plant has a very high yield with good care. Apples weighing 90-120 grams have a slightly flattened shape. Yellow-green fruits have a delicate, juicy taste, very pleasant, without grain. The peculiarity of "Veteran" is the tendency to fall leaves with a lack of moisture.

Weeping "Vita" medium-high, with a thinned crown. The variety has an acceptable yield and high frost resistance; the plant is not susceptible to scab damage. In the first half of September, apples ripen, which can remain intact until early spring.Apples of regular shape, slightly flattened, have a mass of about 130 grams. Under the green skin there is a white, hard pulp with plenty of juice.

High-yielding "Vityaz" is characterized by a weeping type tree. The large size of the plant provides it with good winter hardiness and excellent immunity to most fruit diseases. Fully ripen fruits by October and stored until late spring. Apples of about 120 grams have an elongated shape. Yellow-green durable skin contributes to safety and makes it possible to transport fruit over long distances. The flesh of the fruit is whitish, juicy, the taste is traditional sweet-sour.

The dessert taste of the Cherry variety attracts the attention of many gardeners to small-sized apples of the usual shape. Resistance to frost and disease in apple trees is average. The fruits ripening at the beginning of autumn are well preserved and can lie in the refrigerator until the end of winter. Greenish-yellow apples with white juicy flesh have a texture with a fine grain. Their taste and aroma are very expressive, sweet.

A tall tree of the variety "Asterisk" with a growing crown requires regular pruning, as over time the fruits on the old branches begin to shrink. The variety has good cold-resistant qualities and immunity from diseases, resistance to pests. Fruits appear at 5-6 year of growth of the tree. "Star" is valued for the high taste properties of the fruit and their long preservation. The apples taken in September can lie until spring.

Fruits of medium size have a flat shape and a ribbed surface. The skin is yellow, slightly greenish, with a red blush when maturing in the sun. The flesh is very juicy, with a weak grit and a pleasant sweet with a weak sour taste.

The choice of the optimal variety for a particular region is justified by its zoning. It is of paramount importance along with the required tree grower characteristics. So, for the Urals and Siberia choose varieties that can survive the temperature drops and frost below -30 degrees. In the southern regions, the ability of the plant to tolerate short-term drought will be of great importance. When choosing a seedling it is also important to consider the purpose of the fruit and the expected taste.

So, for the Moscow region, the best varieties will be Papirovka, Moskovskaya Perushka, Mironchik. Good reviews of experienced breeders deserve and "Bryansk", "Autumn striped". These varieties have acceptable frost resistance.

Stable yield and tolerance of harsh winters is important for trees that will be cultivated beyond the Urals. High frost-resistant characteristics have the varieties “Legend”, “Candy”, “Stark Erliest”. They relive winters thanks to the powerful root system of well-developed plants. Important for the natural conditions of the region and rapidity, combined with high yields. These requirements correspond to the varieties "Bogatyr", "Bryansk", "Tambov", "Uralets".

Regardless of the region, all gardeners want to get high yields as soon as possible. New varieties of apples meet most of the requirements and provide a stable crop, even with not very careful care.

For more on apple varieties, see the next video.