Apple tree "Pervouralskaya": a description of the winter variety and tips on planting

The Ural region for tens or even hundreds of thousands of years is an area of ​​harsh climate. Nothing can be done about it, and therefore it is very important to choose suitable plants.It was as a result of work on them that the Pervouralskaya apple tree was created, among others.

The reaction of heat-loving crops to the climate of the Urals is rather negative, but it became much easier to solve this problem thanks to the team of the Sverdlovsk breeding center. In addition to resistance to cold, botanists managed to achieve such extraordinary properties as complete immunity to all known types of scab. This was a real breakthrough, because even recognized centers of selection work in Russia and abroad did not achieve such a success. Although about a decade and a half has passed since the moment of testing the variety, the repetition of the result is still ahead.

The source material for the development was the Persian girl. And the first fruit was collected in 2004. The color of the fruits, their size and taste will appeal to everyone, the harvest ripens by the end of September. The bediness of the Pervouralsk is also at a decent level. If you comply with the necessary conditions, you can save the withdrawn fruits until the beginning of spring.

In the description of the variety it is indicated that its trees reach an average height, and the main climb occurs in the first few years. Then he brakes. The main advantages of "Pervouralsk" apple trees are called excellent taste and consistently high fecundity. The exact height is determined by the situation in which the plant is located. Apple trees growing on the plains can stretch up to 4 m.

But if the conditions for the development of culture are less favorable, or it grows on a dwarf rootstock, the average height is 250 cm.

As for the appearance, then:

• the crown is a broad oval with thick leaves;
• shoots placed compactly;
• branches are thick but not too long;
• leaves are close to the egg in format, they are distinguished by smooth plates.

Fruits stand out with the correct circumference, the size is large, and the variation in size and mass is small. On average, the severity of the fetus is 0.15 kg, however, judging by the reviews, some lovers can achieve twice the best result. The color is transitional - from green to yellow, its saturation varies in intensity. People will definitely appreciate the appetizing blush of apples. There are light points under the skin, but they are few and almost impossible to notice.

"Pervouralsk" apple as it grows increases its fecundity. The average index, while observing the norms of agrotechnology, is 200 centners per hectare. The soft part is painted in a creamy tone, has a decent density and is full of fine grains. Winter weather, if the temperature does not fall below 40 degrees, is not dangerous. Peak fruit production begins at 7-10 years of the tree’s life, after which it will yield about another half a century.

Planting is possible both at the beginning of the vegetative season, and after it ends, but the preparation of the planting pit must be in advance in both cases. Planting an apple tree in the fall should be immediately before the start of frost, then they will be ahead of the beginning of growth, and will be safe for the plant. It is possible to plant a crop in the spring as soon as the snow covers. In either case, the adaptation of the seedling to the soil and the beginning of growth during the first warm days are guaranteed.

A very important point: you need to control the likely deformation of the planting material.

Depending on their severity:

• defects are removed;
• wounds disinfect;
• throw out planting material and leave only high-quality samples.

It is recommended to dig holes according to the pattern of 300x300 cm. When the plot is composed of selected fertile soil, it can be limited to a recess of 0.6 m.This is due to giving the roots the opportunity to spread out wide. And on the sands is so deep pit, which is only possible. The bottom of it is covered with clay, which will have to be sealed.

It is necessary to avoid penetration into the soil of the neck of the root and the points at which the vaccination was carried out. But the garter of young saplings to the stakes is recommended. Regardless of the type of soil, the base of the planting pit is equipped with humus, aged for 36 months, or rotted compost. The layer of such components is 100 mm. For your information: you can do without such a pillow, only the effectiveness of the culture will decrease.

In the winter to protect the apple from various rodents should be required. It is desirable to do the same in the fall.

Covering methods are varied:

• some gardeners smear their trunks with special mixtures;
• others cause lime;
• others are wrapped with fir branches.

The choice of a particular method depends on personal preferences and material capabilities. It is possible to get a full-fledged collection of fruits only if the plant is properly fed. It is carried out in the autumn months when the circle around the trunk is filled with manure and mineral compounds. These components will begin to operate in the spring, when the melt water takes them to the roots. Phosphates should be introduced strictly in accordance with the company instructions.

For the vegetative part of each year, you need to water the tree at least 3 times. The maximum consumption, guaranteed to exclude the draining of the earth, is 40 liters per apple tree. But this figure is achieved only with persistent long-term drought.

The first pruning is done at the time of disembarkation. Then the seedling is shortened by 0.5 m and divided into 4 skeletal branches of the lateral type. Later, it is necessary to evenly cut off the branches that prevent normal growth. But at the same time it is impossible to allow both excessive shadow, and sagging parts. Be sure to cut or make shorter shoots of the first year of life, growing vertically.

Pervouralskaya, like other hybrids, should have pollinating cultures nearby. Almost all varieties that can grow under the same conditions will do. Remove the fruit is recommended in the last days of September. If you delay with this collection, you can degrade the quality of the original first-class harvest. It is recommended to leave the collected fruits until the last days of November - they will only get tastier and healthier.

Growing the Pervouralsk apple tree in areas with less severe conditions is quite simple. In the Moscow region and in the regions of central Russia repeat the above described requirements for cultivation. And if you plant a plant in the polar Urals or in the north of Siberia, you will definitely need to mulch the roots. This technique is guaranteed to exclude their freezing. In all other respects, the agrotechnical variety does not pose any problems on the territory of Russia.

This video tells about the varieties of apple trees that can be grown in the Urals.