Apple tree "Orlovy": description of the variety, planting and care

If gardeners had the opportunity to plant on their territory as many varieties of apples as possible, then they would not have had to choose the best of a dozen famous ones.Those who are looking for an easy-to-care plant should pay attention to the variety “Orlov”. Breeding this apple engaged in the All-Russian Institute of breeding. Having crossed Antonovka and the seedling SR0523, the scientists obtained this sort of apples.

The Orlovim apple-tree is a plant of medium height, which, as a rule, does not grow above 5 meters. Her crown is not too thick, it is round or blunt in shape. Skeletal branches are curved and at right angles to the trunk. Pristvolnaya and twig bark has a rich brown color and slight peeling. The shoot is usually not thick, it is brown in color and covered with lentils. The foliage is small, it has a wrinkled structure and a light green color.

During flowering on the tree you can notice the appearance of buds with a pale pink color. The fruits of the tree are of medium size and weigh about 0.17 kg. Apples are flat with a conical shape, they are one-dimensional and slightly ribbed. The skin is smooth and glossy. Green color predominates in the color of the fruit, there is also a red blush in the form of saturated stripes. The flesh of an apple can be described as a dense creamy structure that is rather juicy and has a sweet-sour taste.

Maturation varieties "Orlovy" accounted for the end of August. The fruiting phase of an apple tree is the third year of life after planting. The interesting thing is that as they grow older, the plant produces more yield. A tree, which is 10 years old, can produce a harvest of 80 kilograms. And the individual is 18 years old - about 100 kg. In describing the variety, it is impossible not to mention the extreme resistance of the apple to low temperature: it easily transfers the mark to -35 degrees.

The fruit contains sugar, ascorbic acid, titrated acid, pectin and P-active substances. It is this content that makes apples not only tasty, but also useful. During the harvest, do not allow damage to the fruit, as this significantly reduces their shelf life. This variety of apples can be consumed not only fresh, but also canned. Many housewives make them jam and wonderful juice.

Purchase seedlings worth in nurseries or specialty stores. A good seedling should have the following characteristics:

• lack of foliage;
• the dryness of the bark;
• no obvious damage;
• healthy root system.

The best choice of seedlings will be an annual plant that is colored bright green under the bark. If swelling or growth is seen on the trunk, the plant may have a disease. Before you start work on planting a young apple tree, it is necessary to correctly calculate the time and pick up the place. Planting trees should be carried out in well-heated soil. Often this period falls on the beginning of May. But some gardeners choose autumn time for this, for example, mid-October. The site where the landing work will be carried out should be well lit and have constant airing. Groundwater should lie no closer than 2 meters from the surface. With the threat of flooding, an apple tree should be planted on a hill and equipped with drainage.

Pit need to dig a depth of 0.8 meters and a width of - 0, 6 meters. During digging, the top and bottom layers of soil should be tilted in different directions. After the hole is ready, its bottom is loosened and filled with the upper ground layer. The bottom soil must be mixed with 3 compost buckets, 0, 7 kilograms of wood ash, 1 kilogram of mineral fertilizers and 0, 3 kilograms of lime. The prepared mix pours out in a hole. Stages of planting a young apple tree "Orlovim":

• initially it is worth examining the sapling root system: if there are dark and damaged roots, then they should be cut using a sheath;
• a hole is made in the prepared pit, which should have a depth of 0, 7 meters and a width equal to the diameter of the roots;
• if several plants are planted, then between them it is worth keeping a distance of 3 meters, and between rows it should be at least 5 meters;
• a slide is equipped at the bottom of the hole, and the roots of the seedling are laid out;
• sprinkle with earth the plant stands to the edges of the pit;
• on top of the soil gently rammed;
• according to the perimeter of the pit, it is worth making a recess, thanks to which moisture will be better preserved;
• the soil, which is located near the hole, should be mulched using peat and sawdust;
• a young tree is watered with 3 buckets of water;
• in order to avoid distortion or breakage of the plant, the seedling is tied to a peg, located at a distance of 5 centimeters from the tree.

Proper care of an apple tree is the key to a great harvest. If in the region of growth of the tree rarely rains, the plant needs watering three times a month. With the onset of mid-August, irrigation should stop. Be sure to follow the soil around the trunk and prevent it from drying out. After each watering the soil needs loosening.

Weeding the area near the tree, you can destroy the weeds that have a negative impact on the life of the apple. As additional protection against frost, mulching with humus is used. This procedure helps to preserve moisture in the soil, and also does not allow the weeds to grow.

In the first year of life "Orlovy" does not need feeding. But in the second year after planting it is worth fertilizing it. at least 3 times per season. For the first time, it is necessary to feed the tree in April with urea, nitroammophoska, saltpeter and compost. The time of the second fertilizer is the period of flowering of the apple tree. Feed is often potassium sulfate, superphosphate, urea. Carry out the procedure in dry weather.

When a month passes from the moment of flowering, it is necessary to fertilize the plant for the third time. The procedure is carried out with nitroammofoska and sodium humate, which dissolve in water. One tree needs 3 buckets of such a mixture. In the summer, foliar dressings are considered effective. Most often gardeners use "Akvarin", "Nutrivant Plus".

Pruning apple - one of the important stages in her life. It is best to carry out these works in the spring and autumn. Correct pruning "Orlovim" is carried out as follows:

• only professional tools are used;
• branches that are stricken or dried should be pruned to a healthy tree;
• leave hemp is not worth it - you need to cut at an angle;
• in the presence of a large cut, it is necessary to treat the garden pitch.

Young apple trees need light and refreshing pruning. Before the frosts come, all the existing moss and lichen should be removed from the bark of the tree, and the affected area should be treated with a copper-containing preparation. The barrel must be whitewashed, each crack and wound having processed garden pitch. The ground, which is under the apple tree, to dig up and mulch. To further protect the tree from frost, it can be covered with fir branches.

The Orlovim apple tree is considered a representative of fruit trees, which is quite resistant to diseases and pests. Sometimes it undergoes attacks of powdery mildew, cytosporosis, and fruit rot. Quite often on the plant moth and aphid occurs.

As a prophylactic against fungal infection, this variety can be irrigated with “Zircon” and “Topaz”, and from harmful parasites - with karbofosovoy basis. The procedure should be repeated several times a year.

For the first time you need to process the plant before it buds. To do this, you can use a chemical drug or a solution of copper sulfate, which is mixed with urea. Re-irrigation is worth doing when the tree starts to bloom, and you need to use the same substance.

When the apple tree is in the active flowering phase, it should be sprayed with Bordeaux liquid or karbofos. This procedure will destroy the insect clutch. Repeatedly this work should be carried out in 25 days. Anabazine in solution is used for the last spraying - just before harvesting. This process helps to get rid of the remaining pests and protect Orlov from the spread of fungal spores.

If we analyze the reviews of gardeners, we can understand that the apple tree “Orlovim” is the sort of fruit tree that even a person without experience in this business can cope with. She fell in love with the Russians for unpretentiousness in courtship, resistance to diseases and parasites, good tolerance of frosts and quite tasty fruits. Many gardeners believe that this variety is one of the best among apples.

In the next video, see the technology of proper planting of apple seedlings in the spring.