Description of the apple variety "Orlinka", planting and care

There are many varieties of apples, and often gardeners do not know which one to choose. First of all, they try to take into account that the crop is easy to care for and has a good yield. Therefore, the choice is often made in favor of the universal look "Orlinka".

This variety was bred in 1978, but the state test passed only more than 15 years later. "Orlinka" was the result of crossing species such as "Stark Erliest Prekos" and "First Salute". The work was carried out by famous breeders.

“Orlinka” is a summer variety, the tree is considered medium-high, its height can reach 7–8 meters. According to the description, the apple trees have a bark of a light gray color, a smooth trunk and a thick oval crown. The branches are tightly relative to each other, go up at an angle of 90 degrees. Shoots brown, large and fleshy, they are oblong-looking buds. The branches are covered with leaves that have an oval shape and a pointed tip; the notches on the edge are rather large. The sheet itself is dull and slightly concave inward. During the flowering period, the tree is covered with light pink flowers that have a delicate scent.

The apples themselves are oval in shape and have an average weight that ranges from 150 to 200 grams. Their surface is glossy, pale green, during the process of maturation acquires a yellowish tint. The ripe fruits collected during storage turn yellow completely, on one side there is a bright pinkish blush. The apples are sour-sweet and exceptionally juicy, have many small dark seeds. The ripening process takes place at the end of summer. This apple tree is considered to be self-fruited. It is often planted next to species such as “Pear” and “Melba”, as it pollinates them. As for the yield, the positive feedback from gardeners does not make it doubt, because one tree can produce up to 170 kilograms of fruit over the summer.

The duration of storage of apples of this sort, like most summer ones, is small. It is up to 4 weeks, and this is provided that the storage is organized correctly and the temperature varies from +1 to +8 degrees. After the crop is harvested, it should be packaged in boxes of wood and put in a cool room. Before this, it is imperative to carefully examine the fruit and discard those that have damage of a different nature, otherwise the rest may begin to rot ahead of time.

Due to the short shelf life and transportability is short. To increase its duration, apples can be treated with special preparations, but this is not always safe for humans, since chemical compounds can be harmful to health.

Among the characteristics of the apple "Orlinka" can be noted the average winter hardiness. This means that with a small amount of snow and serious lowering of the temperature, the fruit tree can be seriously damaged, but if the site is located in central Russia, where winters are not particularly severe, Orlinka will easily survive them. It must be said that this variety is quite resistant to the attack of harmful insects.

Leafworms and green aphids in most cases can not cause irreparable harm to the tree, but scab is a serious problem. This fungal disease can affect an apple tree due to the fact that there is too much moisture in the root zone or the tree is experiencing oxygen starvation. Another attack that affects Orlinka is powdery mildew.

This variety involves the use of its fruits in different forms. They can be both fresh and canned. In addition, apples are suitable for making juice as freshly squeezed, and for winter storage.“Orlinka” is used as a basis for jam and jam, but it is necessary to take into account that fruits that have been processed by thermal means are not able to preserve useful elements and vitamins, therefore they remain only a tasty treat.

Saturation of useful elements allows to use apples for various diseases with the benefit for the body. This variety is not only tasty, but also useful for influenza A viruses, atherosclerosis and avitaminosis.

In order for apple seedlings to take root and adapt as quickly as possible to a new habitat, they need to be planted, given certain subtleties of culture. It is necessary to choose the right landing site and be aware of all the nuances of care. Regarding the planting dates, the procedure should be carried out in the spring, while it is necessary to exclude the possibility of night frosts and wait until all the snow has melted.

The earth will be able to warm up a little only at that period when the daytime temperature will keep on the mark of +15 degrees. However, this is not the only option. If the spring period is missed, and you really want to see the Orlinka apple tree on your site, planting of seedlings can be done in early autumn.

The choice of the place where the apple tree will grow plays an important role when interacting with this variety. It should be borne in mind that the soil should be moderately moist and have good breathability. When gardeners are ready every year to feed this fruit tree fertilizer, suitable sandy soil. In other situations it is necessary to dwell on sandy, loamy and leached chernozem. Acidic soil is not suitable, so you need to consider the level of acidity.

And also you need to take into account the possible stagnation of water, which also adversely affects the tree. When it is threatened, drainage should be provided or the habitat of the apple tree should be changed. The maximum water level in the ground is just over 2 meters.

Regardless of whether the gardener decided to plant the “Orlinka” apple tree in spring or autumn, one should take care of the preparation in advance. Prepare a hole in the spring should be 2 weeks in the autumn - 4 weeks before planting. The recess should fit 100 by 70 centimeters. Digged earth should be divided into 2 parts: the upper and lower layers. If any roots remain in the pit, they must be removed. Land at the bottom as it should be loosened and dug.

Before planting seedlings, they should be placed in the lower part of the water and left for a day. This will help the plants nourish the moisture that has been lost. The roots of seedlings must be intact, without dried elements. Any particles affected should be removed. To do this, you can use a sharp knife.

Before planting, organic-based fertilizers are laid out on the base of the pit, for example, chicken manure. It must be mixed with the earth, taken from the prepared part, where the lower layer is located. The rest of the hill poured into the central part, and the seedling is placed on top to its roots down the perimeter. From above the prepared earth is poured from the upper layer, after which it needs to be compacted. The root neck should be located not less than 4 centimeters from the ground level.

After that, the plant is attached to a support installed in the ground approximately one meter deep. Further, it is required to pour 2–3 buckets of water under the tree, but this should be done not at a time, but slowly and intermittently, so that the moisture is absorbed properly.

In order for “Orlinka” to develop properly and bring delicious fruits, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of tree care. Of course, the gardener should know that during the first years of life the plants need to be watered regularly. In the summer, the procedure should be carried out monthly, 3-4 irrigation buckets of water should be spent on one irrigation. If the soil is sandy, the intervals between watering are reduced to a week. Along with the growth of the tree, it is necessary to increase the amount of water for irrigation, after 4 years of life it should be increased by one more bucket.

As for mature trees, they should be watered according to a certain pattern - the first before budding, the next after the flowering period, then a month before the harvest is planned, then 4 weeks after the fruits are picked and finally when the foliage begins to fall. Separately, it should be noted that watering during the collection of apples is prohibited, otherwise they will absorb the excess liquid, the presence of which will significantly shorten the shelf life.

In order for a tree to be healthy, it is necessary to get rid of weeds in a timely manner in the region of the near-stem circle. This can be done with both hands and with the use of garden tools. Damage to the roots can not be afraid, since they are located deep underground. It does not hurt and loosening the soil, as well as its mulching.

As for fertilizing, in the case of the variety “Orlinka” there are some subtleties here. Young plants should be fed with urea. To do this, take 10 tablespoons of the product per 10 liters of water. At the very end of summer or at the beginning of autumn you need to take care of the roots. They require the introduction of phosphorus-potash fertilizers (at the rate of 1 tablespoon per bucket of water). When fruiting also useful will be extra care.

In order for the apple tree not to suffer from the invasion of pests and various diseases, it is necessary to know the main ways to combat these evils. Chemicals can be used as a preventive measure. According to reviews of gardeners, insects are afraid of such means as "Chlorofos" and "Metafos". Disease control should be carried out using special preparations. In the case of scab, Bordeaux liquid and copper oxychloride will help.

Mealy dew is afraid of such means as "Topaz" and "Skor". In addition, it is useful to carry out preventive treatment of diseases and harmful insects, for example, whitewash the lower part of the tree, arrange digging pristvolny circles with the destruction of weeds, as well as timely remove fallen leaves, because it is there that the winter of pests spend successfully.

In the second year of life, the tree begins to form a crown. From last year's growth, it is necessary to remove about a third, which will help stimulate the growth of new shoots and buds, in addition, the apple tree will stop growing upwards. Dry and diseased branches also require removal. The main thing - after the procedure to process sections of garden pitch. Thus, getting a sweet and tasty harvest and growing an Orlinka apple tree is not so difficult. It is important to plant the seedlings correctly and provide the tree with competent and constant care.

How to make the correct pruning of the apple tree, see the following video.