Classification and description of red varieties of apples

The motherland of apples is rightly considered to be Central Asia. The fruits of this fruit tree can be different in color, size and taste.In the gardens you can often find yellow, green, red, as well as multi-colored fruits, which can reach in weight from 70 to 350 grams each. The most useful and tasty are red apples, which are rich in vitamins and macronutrients.

Apple tree is one of the most common fruit trees in Russia. Red apple can be called a garden decoration. The foliage of this tree is oblong and green in color. The tree blossoms with white beautiful flowers. Apples of these varieties can be colored in different shades of red and have white, cream and red flesh depending on the variety.

This fruit is extraordinarily rich in vitamins B, C, A, E, K. In addition, the composition is characterized by a high content of iron, unlike green and yellow apples, as well as magnesium, potassium and phosphorus, organic acids and protein. Eating red apples is an opportunity not only to add strength to the body and strengthen the immune system, but also to improve vision, the work of the stomach, intestines, heart, liver. Red apples are rich in easily digestible iron, which is useful for blood saturation.

The appearance of these healthy fruits is quite attractive, so red apples are often grown for trade. By following simple rules for tree care, every summer resident or gardener will be able to grow a plant that will provide him with an unusually useful product.

Like any other crop grown in our country, red apples can differ from each other in terms of ripening, color, size, taste, shape, resistance to diseases and low temperatures, so before planting you should carefully study all the characteristics of the plant.

Early varieties of this fruit are also called summer. Often they are used for fresh consumption.

. But for the processing, canning and sales of early red apple is used quite often. The most popular such varieties include the following.

1. Vista Bella. The tree of this variety is quite high, characterized by a dense crown. The fruits have a round, slightly flattened shape, weighing from 150 to 200 grams. The peel has a considerable density, it is colored red and covered with yellow-green specks. White flesh is pleasant to the taste, sweet with a sour taste. The tree is characterized by low resistance to low temperatures.
2. "Red early" It gives aromatic harvests already at the end of July - the beginning of August. The tree of this variety has a small size and crown. Fruits are not large, very tasty and attractive in appearance. The plant is self-pollinated and begins to bear fruit by the fourth year of life. "Red early" refers to drought-resistant varieties. From the minuses of the variety, it is possible to distinguish the crumbling of ripe fruits, a decrease in the size of the fruit after a time

Red apples with mid-season fruiting can be stored for one to three months. The harvest period falls on the end of summer - the beginning of the first autumn month. These fruits are great for seaming and freezing, but adults and children prefer to use them fresh. The following mid-season red apple varieties are interesting.

1. "Mac". The variety is most popular in Canada and the USA. The fruit has a weight of 140 to 160 grams, its skin is colored red and covered with yellow-green spots. The flesh is characterized by juiciness, white color and sweet-sour taste. Fruit is perfect for long shipments. The tree belongs to the cold-resistant, but it is often affected by infections and parasites.
2. "Delichiya" considered an autumn variety. Fruits are almost completely red, but in some places have a yellow and green background. The fruit is medium in size and weighs from 150 grams. Crispy flesh is characterized by a sweet and sour taste and density.This variety is known as one of the most winter-hardy and gives good yields, which can be 55 kilograms from one apple tree.

Late varieties of red apple is also called winter. They are usually grown for sales. Fruits are characterized by excellent commercial qualities and transportability. Popular winter varieties.

1. Gloucester York It is considered a dessert grade of apples, its birthplace is Germany. Ripening occurs at the end of September. Fruits have a red skin, they are large, they can weigh about 200 grams. The fruit with a conical shape pleases the consumer with a sweet taste, in which an almost perceptible sourness is manifested. The plant begins to bear fruit in the fifth year of life, giving a harvest of about 70 kilograms. The disadvantages of a variety include its low resistance to diseases and the need for the presence of a pollinator. Gloucester York is a winter-hardy variety.
2. "Jonathan" characterized by small fruits, which in weight reach 130 grams. The fruits have a conical shape, rounded at the top. The main color is red, but sometimes you can notice the presence of orange stripes. The flesh is crispy, with a pleasant bright aroma. The tree is small in size, but its crown is thick and wide. Fruits are well kept until May. Depending on the climatic conditions and care, the yield of the variety ranges from 18 to 85 kilograms per tree.
3. Liberty. This variety of red apples was the result of the work of American breeders. The fruit is medium in size and can reach 150 grams in weight. The shape of the apples is rounded, they have a thin dark cherry skin. Juicy and dense pulp is pleasant taste, characterized by sweetness with a slight sourness.

When choosing to plant a variety of red apple trees, each owner would like to end up with abundant yields of fragrant fruit. But not only the features of the plant play a role in the volume of the crop, it is also important to water, feed and trim the tree. Of the most high-yielding varieties are the following.

1. "Melba". Apples of the variety have small sizes, round shape, tender flesh with juicy structure and a sweet wine taste. The first fruit harvest can be done in the third year of the apple tree in July or early August. "Melba" fruits regularly, the yield is about 150 kilograms of apples from one tree.
2. "Stark-Erlist" - This is an early summer variety of red apple. The fruits have a rounded shape, painted in orange-red color with stripes. The flesh is characterized by roughness, medium juiciness. Torn fruit is stored very little. "Stark-Erlist" gives regular abundant crops of apples, which make up about 140 kilograms per plant.
3. "Summer Saffron" - high-yielding fruit variety. Apple fruits are characterized by a flat-circular shape and excellent taste. Fruits are stored for long. This variety is resistant to drought, scab.

The main indicators of apple varieties are the weight and size of its fruits. Taking into account these characteristics, distinguish the following varieties of red apples, depending on the size of the fruit.

1. Small-fruited. The fruits of these varieties weigh from 10 to 50 grams. These include the following types: "Long", "Chinese Sanin", "Ranetku purple."
2. Medium-sized varieties characterized by fruits from 50 to 100 grams in weight. These include "Loyko", "Melbu", "Mac".
3. Large fruit trees produce fruits weighing more than 100 grams - this is the variety Persianka, Aydared, Antey.

Each region has its own climatic features that should be considered when choosing a variety of red apple for planting. In the conditions of a severe and cold climate it is necessary to give preference to frost-resistant grades.

1. "Altai Crimson". This is an autumn apple variety, the fruits of which are stored for about two months. The yield of the plant ranges from 20 to 40 kilograms per season. The fruit has a sweet and sour taste and weighs about 30 grams.
2. "Bayan" which is ripening to the beginning of September.Fruits are characterized by keeping quality for up to four months. The first harvest can be harvested for 3-4 year tree life. The variety is high-yielding, but this indicator is periodic. Apples have a dense structure, good juiciness, pleasant aroma, while they weigh from 80 to 140 grams.
3. "Cherished". This variety belongs to the winter and skoroplodny. Apple fruits are small, but can be stored for about five months. Fruit juicy, sweet-sour to the taste, has strawberry notes.
4. "Spartan". The plant produces crops by September, which can be stored until spring. Fruiting is characterized by generosity, but unevenness. The flesh has great juiciness, it is crunchy with a pronounced wine aroma.

In order to get good annual yields, a variety of apples must be resistant to diseases and pests. Otherwise, in the absence of preventive measures and care, the tree may die from the attack of parasites or give a meager harvest of fruits with poor taste. Resistant to scab and pests are such varieties of red apple.

1. "In memory of Tikhomirov." The variety is resistant to infections as well as low temperatures. At the end of the summer presents its owners with a bountiful harvest of sweet, juicy fruits with creamy flesh.
2. "Lungwort" - high-yielding variety of red apple. The fruits are tasty and have a characteristic honey smell. Immunity in this variety to pests, as well as scab and rot is quite high.

For Moscow region and central Russia, where the climate is unstable, there is not enough light and a short summer period, These varieties of apples are best suited.

1. "Brown New." The variety yields only by the sixth year of growth. Fruiting is characterized by regularity, over the years, an increase in yield is observed. The fruit of the culture is small, but juicy and fragrant.
2. "Star". The variety has an average winter hardiness, it is excellent against scab and parasites. Apples are ruddy and striped, they can be stored for about six months.

Learn more about frost-resistant varieties of apples that can be grown in Siberia, you will learn from the following video.

Apple tree is considered an ancient fruit tree with a wide choice of varieties, which is why it is often difficult for a gardener to make a choice in favor of a particular plant. It's no secret that everyone would like to receive abundant regular apple harvests without spending a lot of energy.

The first is to determine the use of fruit. If they are used only in fresh or processed form immediately after harvest, the choice should be stopped in the early varieties. If apples are grown for sale and there is a desire to keep them all winter, then the late variety of plants is the best way to do this.

It is also worth taking into account the climatic features of the territory, temperature drops, the severity of winters and aridity of summer. If the climate of the territory is not suitable for the crop, then all the efforts of the gardener will be in vain, in the end, you can not get a crop at all.