Apple tree "Chinese golden": characteristics, planting and further care

Rarely found on an industrial scale Chinese gold variety is of interest to many gardeners with the aim of growing on home plots.Fans of fruit trees want to get recommendations on planting and cultivation, they want to know the opinion of experienced summer residents.

At the turn of the XIX-XX centuries, the famous Russian breeder Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin, crossing Kitayka and Bely filling, received a new variety of apples. The name of the apple tree was not due to Chinese origin, but by the similarity of the leaves with the shape of Chinese plum leaves. Chinese gold is characterized by rapid fruiting, resistance to drought, frost. Powerful rhizome is located close to the surface, strongly branched.

Allocate early and late Chinese gold. The early Chinese golden brings the first fruits in 2-3 years. Then fruiting occurs annually. Life expectancy can reach 70 years. For the sterile Chinese gold type, pollinators are necessary, the best of which are recognized as Belyi bulk, Papirovka and Grushivka Moskovskaya. Diverse trees should be planted at a distance of 5 meters from each other.

The average height of an adult tree reaches 6-7 m. A young apple tree resembles a broom, and over time it becomes weeping, with a slightly lowered crown and spreading branches. Light green elongated leaves with notches along the edge, with huge stipules on the petioles are located on thin straight branches with an orange tinge. Foliage is small, so sometimes it seems that the branches are bare.

Apple tree brings fruit in the middle of July. Round yellow fruits with white tint weigh approximately 30-40 grams. In size, they are a bit more Ranet. Apples are concentrated compactly on the tips of the branches, hanging down like a garland, creating a weeping effect. For one season, 100 kg of apples are harvested per season.

Ripe golden fruit appears transparent with translucent nests of seeds. Under the yellowish skin you can see many small dots. On the skin visible thick wax coating. In an unusually juicy, crisp and sweet flesh with a fragrant smell, a special, characteristic only for this sort, sourness is felt. The interior of the fruit has a granular consistency, creamy yellow color.

Fruits are stored only a few days, after which they begin to deteriorate, rot, resemble cotton wool. The sweetness of the taste disappears. Apples need to be processed.

Chinese early golden is characterized by slightly elongated fruits, a longer shelf life - up to 45 days while maintaining the right temperature. Transportation is good. The weight of one fruit can be 70 g.

Late Chinese golden brings first fruits 4 years after planting. Despite the abundance of apples, the fruits are almost not showered. Small apples weigh only 25 g. Yellow fruits have a reddish tinge on the sides. Sour apples have a sweetish aftertaste and a special aroma. Ripen by the end of September. China's later Chinese gold is considered to be frost-resistant autumn varieties.

The height of the late Chinese Golden reaches five meters. Bright green pointed leaves are located on the branches directed upwards.

There are other varieties of this variety, each of which has certain differences from the others.

• Decorative The apple tree is not very thin, so it does not need the formation of a bush. During flowering, it exudes an amazing aroma, amazes everyone with incredibly beautiful pink large flowers. It has smooth oval leaves of light green color with sharp ends.
• Three meter semi-dwarf Chinese gold is first developed in the same way as the other varieties of this variety, but with the advent of the first apples it loses its strength. For the purpose of prophylaxis, weak branches should be cut off immediately.
• Kolonovidnaya The apple tree can grow up to two and a half meters. Gardeners love her for precocity, decoration, simple care. Apples from it is very convenient to collect.
• Large fruit Chinese is able to withstand the bitter cold. Fruit periodically. It is characterized by an average ripening period. In September, a bountiful harvest is gathered. One apple weighs 45-50 g.
• Creeping Apple fruit in August, therefore, refers to the summer varieties. The crown is spreading, therefore it is completely covered with snow in winter. It tolerates any frosts. Sweet and sour apples reach 80 g.

Seedlings of this class requires a suitable place for planting. Shade will negatively affect the amount of the crop. The trees love strong lighting.

Any soil will be suitable for apple trees, but it is better to use moderately moistened loamy or sandy loam soil. It is necessary to provide that the groundwater flows at a distance of several meters from the apple tree. At their closer location, it is necessary to build a drainage and create a tree elevation.

To plant an apple tree, it is necessary to prepare a hole 80 meters deep in advance, the diameter should be the same. The well must be filled with a mixture of soil and fertilizer:

• manure - 15-18 kg;
• mineral phosphate fertilizer - 250 g;
• wood ash - 250 g;
• potassium sulfate - 100 g

First, more than half of the hole is filled with soil with fertilizer, then a layer of fertile land that does not contain fertilizer is added. Carefully pour water. Add the top layer of fertile soil.

In contrast to all types of Chinese golden when planting a columnar fertilizer used must be reduced by 10 times. One apple tree will require 2 tablespoons of dry matter.

When choosing seedlings in specialized points of sale you need to inspect the root system, which should be developed. Before planting, it is necessary to trim the root, pruning too long processes. If the rhizome is too dry, it should be moistened immediately before planting, placing in water for an hour. The young plant is well accustomed, quickly adapts to the ground and its intended place.

Put a wooden peg into the hole, create a mound. A seedling with not yet appeared buds is instilled vertically 5-7 cm from the peg. Systematically, the tree is shaken to prevent air from entering the rhizome when it is filled with soil. For 2-3 years, the apple should be attached to a peg.

Plant should be grafted 2-3 cm above ground level. To fill the hole must be carefully, priminaya soil. After planting, the ground should be mulched. After the done procedure requires abundant watering.

The apple tree does not like the increased moisture, but during the dry season it is necessary to water the fruit crop. About a season the plant requires 3-4 watering. How many apple trees years, so many buckets of water need to be poured into the root zone.

The first years it is necessary to prevent the formation of fruits, destroying all the flowers. The first pruning of an apple tree is made in a few years, leaving only the strongest branches of the skeleton. The remaining branches are completely cut with shears. Weak, sick and lower shoots must be removed necessarily, then the plant will develop well. Branches that sprout inward must also be cut. The procedure is carried out every three years.

Caring for an uncomplicated apple tree: the destruction of weeds and loosening the root zone. It is necessary to loosen the soil carefully, so as not to harm the roots, which are located almost on the surface of the earth. The first 5 years there is a need for hilling.

Fertilizers are used once per season 2-3 years after the apple tree has taken root. April is best suited for organic fertilizers, which sometimes complement ammonium nitrate. Good to use manure, bird droppings, compost. Top dressing is better to produce after flowering. During this period, the budding of the kidneys for the next year is carried out simultaneously.

If the leaves are small and pale, the shoots grow poorly, the plant needs irrigation with urea (25 grams per 5 liters of water). In the fall, fertilizing is not needed, otherwise the apple tree will begin to grow rapidly.

Under the weight of snow or apples, the tree can crack, so it is recommended to monitor the crown, periodically form it.

Chinese gold is prone to scab, which damages leaves and apples. The trunk stays healthy. The disease is blamed for too high humidity and stagnant air in the middle of the crown of an apple tree. The disease begins with the appearance of coffee-colored spots on the leaves, the appearance of many brownish specks in the form of growth on apples.

To prevent disease, an apple tree is sprayed in early spring with a 5% iron sulphate. Some use nitrofen. Iron vitriol protects the plant from all types of fungi, simultaneously fertilizing an apple tree. Nitrofen destroys pest larvae. Protection from scab is the introduction of ash in the soil, potash fertilizer, compost.

Spores of fungi, all kinds of larvae and the pests themselves hibernate on the area around the trunk. The solution irrigate pristvolny circles. To this end, nitrofen (300 g) is dissolved in ten liters of water, used in the spring before the first buds swell on the trees.

Often Chinese gold after long rains is overpowered by powdery mildew. Fungal disease can be recognized by education on the leaves of white bloom, which spreads from bottom to top until infection of the entire fruit plant occurs.

The fight against insidious disease is the following prevention:

• fungicide treatment;
• the cultivation of Chinese golden species with higher powdery mildew resistance;
• cutting off old, dry, damaged, damaged branches;
• adding potassium and phosphorus.

Dangerous for Kitaika Golden is a tinder mushroom that pulls all the forces and nutrients out of the apple tree. If the fungus is not destroyed in time, then an irreversible process will be provided for the tree. While the tinder has not yet been stoned, a knife can be used to cut it. After growth and hardening, it is possible to get rid of it only with the help of an ax.

In general, gardeners leave positive feedback about China Golden. They love the apple tree for its decorative appearance, regular fruiting and amazing taste. Fruits make great tinctures, compotes, juices, jam, jam, jam. Fruits are completely placed in jars for preservation. Apples are great for drying. Many gardeners say that the incredible aroma of blossoming apple trees attracts insects, especially bees, which gladly pollinate other plants on the site.

Gardeners point out the following disadvantages:

• fruits can not be stored for a long time, resulting in a low presentation;
• some find it hard to care for the apple tree;
• ripe apples are showered;
• variety prone to certain diseases and scab.

To reduce the shedding of apples gardeners use the drug Kana. 500 mg of the substance is dissolved in ten liters of water. After sunset, an apple tree is sprinkled about 3.5 weeks before harvest. The procedure is carried out on windless dry days. The systematic collection of freshly ripened fruit also reduces the risk of apple fall.

Gardeners prefer Kitayka gold early for its simplicity, for the abundance of vitamins, sucrose, acid and amazing taste. Many people call the wonderful fruits of Chinese golden paradise apples.

For information on what other varieties of Chinese varieties are available in the next video.