Black currant pruning: types of procedure and aftercare

Both experienced gardeners and beginners are wondering how to care for black currant bushes. It is very important to cut off the old and damaged branches for the healthy growth of the bush, because so the tree will bear good fruit.

There is more than one way to trim a plant; they differ in time of year, age, and initial state of currant bush. The main thing is to have time to prune, otherwise young shoots will be weak. How to trim the bushes and care for them, you will learn from the article.

As mentioned above - the bushes are pruned for fertility. But there are more reasons why you should not run a bush. When the branches are not cut for a long time, they begin to ache, dry up, a fungus appears on them. Irreversible changes occur, due to which the bush branches off. The prolific cultivation of currants is possible only on the young tree.

Experienced growers recommend starting pruning on a young bush. Much more light comes to shorn bushes, they are easy to care for, and they are not affected by the disease. In addition, the economic efficiency of production of currants depends on the yield.

What gives pruning plant:

• berries grow large;
• the fruit tastes better;
• a bush is formed;
• useful substances come to the young branches;
• diseased and frostbite branches are eliminated, and young shoots are actively growing;
• accelerated development of the bush.

Pruning can be of different types, its task is to rejuvenate old bushes, properly light up the tree, give the desired shape, eliminate old and diseased branches.

Types of trimming:

• summer;
• autumn;
• spring;
• sanitary;
• to form a bush;
• rejuvenating

At the same time, you need to know why you are pruning one or another branch. For example, black and red currants are saved from diseases, rejuvenated, doing it at the same time. Any type of pruning is designed for comprehensive care of the currant bush. Moreover, during the active life of the plant requires intervention.

What tools you need:

• garden knife, which is intended only for thin branches;
• hacksaw - for the old;
• pruner - for thin and medium;
• brush cutter - this tool is used to remove shoots of any size, and also with their help you can give the bush the desired shape.

Familiarize yourself with the general and important rules before cutting currants:

1. cut branches at an angle of 45 °;
2. suitable cut-off distance from the germ of the plant - 5 mm;
3. no stumps should be left, cut as close to the ground as possible;
4. remove branches to the nearest bud.

Old and unhealthy branches are cut at different times of the year, and each of them has its own features of circumcision. Most often, gardeners are engaged in the restoration of currant bush in the fall.

Most gardeners choose this time of year for pruning, as the currant bush can still recover in the fall. By doing pruning at this time of the year, you help the bush in fertility, and it will also look beautiful, pleasing your eye.

If you have a young bush in front of you - you can shorten the branches by 18-22 cm. More light comes in such branches, the shoots branch well.

In winter, pruning is not always used, but if you want to protect the currant bush from pests and various diseases, then the end of November - mid-February is best for this.

In the spring, they look at the appearance of the currant - the bush should not look “spread out”, therefore, first of all, they pay attention to the branches located on the ground or tilted to the side. But it is also important to remove all the branches in the spring that grow inward and inhabit the tree.

In the spring, remove dead, broken branches.They can be easily seen, because such branches have stopped fruiting. It is necessary to remove all dry, old, broken branches.

After you pick the berries, cut the largest branches at the base. Leave the three of them the strongest, and to the rest you will return in the spring. After harvesting, remove the branches that grow in an upright position. The branches are on the sides, cut by 18 cm.

In order for the black currant bush to properly form, cut shortly the excess and bulging branches above the ground of the bush. But let the weak be left alone, while the strong three have one. Cutting off the branches after planting on three buds, you can get strong shoots by the next year.

At the onset of spring, you need to choose from them 4 well located. The rest should be cut.

Perform pruning bush every year is a must, and it is not difficult. In the spring cut those branches that are more than five years old. It is very easy to learn such branches: if you see short apical growths on the branches, cut them off, that’s what they are. Extra weak and thin branches should be cut to the level of the soil.

Sanitary pruning bush spend at any time of the year (year round). Before watering the currants, mulch, loosen and spray the soil, first inspect the currant bush. After finding the old and weak branches carry out sanitary pruning.

This method is called "radical", because it cuts the bush completely. With the help of the method, even old plants that are more than nine years old can “heal” with new life. Using the division of the bush "in four", you need to remove a fourth of the branches. This is done in summer or spring. So the currant bush will stay young and bring big berries.

In circumcision, it is important to observe care - the branches cut off at different ages, but the bush itself should not suffer from this. How to shape and trim the bushes, you will learn further.

The bush needs pruning fresh branches after a year, but you need to keep some good ones. Pay attention to the dark, brittle branches that do not allow others to grow. Approximately by July, on each side, young branches should be made shorter. This is done to obtain shoots, as well as good harvest and the formation of shrubs.

The scheme is the same as above. We repeat - we leave well-formed branches, and remove the bad ones. There will be 5-7 branches. The main thing is to get rid of undeveloped branches, because they do not allow new ones to grow. You need to trim the tops of last year’s branches, and for the branches of the second year, leave 3-4 buds on each branch.

By this time, the old branches had formed on the currant bush, and it needs rejuvenation. Remove from the ground a branch of five and six years of age, along with those branches that are at the bottom of the old branch. Be sure to cut dry, old and broken branches.

What you need to do next: shorten each twig of the second and fourth year, leaving 3 buds. At the shoots of last year, cut off the tops. From the current branches, leave the 3-4 best branches.

Every gardener wants to get a rich harvest. In order for a currant bush to bring it, you must learn to care for it.

Care for the bush until the buds appear. Pour currant bush with hot water. Do not be afraid to do this! This method prevents the appearance of pests and powdery mildew. The old bush will need a whole bucket of water, let all the branches be doused.

And sweet water helps to cope with pests (just mix water with honey or sugar) - it attracts bees that contribute to the harvest. But just do not do it during flowering. Do not forget to cover the currant tree at this time.

Potato peel is an excellent choice for feeding black currant bush. Purification contains starch, which is just necessary for plant development. To make the mixture, mix 10 liters of boiling water and a liter of cleaning. Let this mass infuse for three days in a place far from the light. Feeding mass is distributed between the bushes.

Currants love moisture, so it responds appropriately by its fertility. Water carefully - at the very root, but so that the bush is not moistened, otherwise it will cause powdery mildew. When the air is dry - should be watered every 8-9 days for 4-5 buckets. After you water the bush, proceed to the next step.

For admission to the roots of the air is best suited 8-centimeter layer of mulch. Weeds will not make it through such a layer, moisture is kept for a long time, there is no need for loosening. Using mulch to care for a bush will be much easier. For this you can use leaves, grass, straw, husk.

Folk remedies are suitable for feeding.

• Ash: place the ashes in a bucket until half 1: 1, and then pour water. The resulting mixture is infused for two days, then diluted 1:10. For one bush you will need 1 bucket.
• Bread: small pieces of bread pour 8 liters of water, and then insist two weeks, preferably where it is warm.

In fact, you send the plant to winter and should take care of it as best as possible. Do not overdo it with watering at this time of year, your task is simply to ensure that the earth is always in a wet state. When the ground is frozen - tie the bushes with garters for plants. Spud in winter, the whole plant needs to be under the snow.

Give each currant bush a teaspoonful of superphosphate and potassium sulfate. It would be more correct to immediately fertilize the root zone when the ground is wet. If you are lost in the choice of feeding, then in the store you can find complex fertilizers for any time of the year.

How to cut currants, see the next video.