Secrets of the cultivation of cherries "Vladimirskaya"

Cherry can be considered a national garden culture for the CIS countries. It can be called the most popular fruit in our region, along with apples and apricots.They say that the monks brought it, carefully grown from seeds and spread it across all the territories. Berries have come a long way from only the royal treat to delicious delicacy, which is now available to everyone. Today there are many varieties of this culture, in this article it is worthwhile to examine in detail the Vladimir variety cherry.

Names such as "Vyaznikovskaya", "Gorbatovskaya", "Vladimirovka" and "Vladimirovskaya" mean the same thing - "Vladimirskaya" cherry. Its long-term development has led to the emergence of a variety of forms and reproduction in various ways. The shape of the crown of this cherry is bush or standard, it all depends on the seedlings used. Planted seedlings become bushes, which reach about 2 meters in height.

Growing up, they form trees with a spreading crown and branches similar to willow. The shape of the leaves - the boat. In planting culture, both seedlings and bones are used. During flowering, individual flowers are collected in 5-7 pieces in one section of the branch.

Now it is necessary to elaborate on the berries. Spherical fruits, slightly compressed on the sides, have a diameter of up to 2 cm and a weight of about 3 grams. The color of ripe cherry is dark red or burgundy. Yes, the fruits are not the largest, but the flesh is fleshy. The tail is long and thin, and the bone is small, which should easily move away from the pulp. Well, and finally, based on reviews of summer residents, the taste of the berry is sweet and sour, but nevertheless, sourness prevails. And if on the site grows "Vladimirskaya" cherry, then everyone notes the characteristic, sweet cherry aroma of the fruit. The chemical composition of "Vladimir" cherry has the following components:

• sugar - 11%;
• dry matter - 16.5%;
• free acids - 0.6%;
• ascorbic acid - 4 m / g.

Studying reviews and experiences of people, you should pay attention that the cherry is a folk healing tree due to its greenery. Since ancient times, it is used both for medicinal tinctures and in the preparation of pickles. A few leaves of cherry can prevent the development of bacteria in the marinade.

Regarding the timing of flowering, ripening and fruiting of this fruit crop, it all depends on the chosen method of planting. If a bone is used, then the first cherries will have to wait several years until the tree grows enough and becomes stronger. And if we talk about the grafted branch or seedlings from the roots, then it begins to bear fruit in 1-2 years after vaccination. This time is necessary for the plant to fully adapt to new conditions. The flowering period is May or the beginning of June, usually immediately after the apple trees, and the first berries appear after a few months.

Fruit ripening occurs in waves, that is, not all at once. The maximum life cycle of “Vladimirskaya” cherry is 15–20 years. Further, it will cease to bear fruit. This fact can be attributed to the disadvantages of garden culture. But such a long period of yield is available only with careful care. Otherwise, the tree will die earlier, because it does not have strong immunity to all sorts of diseases. And if in the region there is a particularly cold winter period, then it is completely worth finding a winter-hardy tree than the Vladimirskaya cherry.

So, if you decide to plant this cherry, it is worthwhile to consider in more detail how to plant it, how to care for it and much more. Should start with a landing.

Since cold winters are present in our climate zone, the correct planting period is spring. A long warm season after will allow the seedlings to develop the root system and get stronger in order to survive the winter well. Therefore, if the seedlings are purchased in winter, it will be wise to leave them in a cool basement, prikopav roots wet filings, and planted on the site already in the warm season.

Place on the site must meet several criteria. The area should be well ventilated to prevent air stagnation. Regarding the soil itself, marshy, acidic and sandy soils are not suitable. And also undesirable options with high groundwater levels. If, however, such soils are chosen, then in the future it will be noticed that the cherry grows, but does not particularly please with the harvest.

In addition, she can not properly prepare for the winter. Because of the large crown is worth planting trees with an interval of 4-5 meters. In general, cherry transfers everything better with its “relatives”, but it is also possible to use another variety. But it is better not to plant a pear, an apple or a currant near the Vladimirskaya cherry. Of garden crops, peas and garlic are acceptable. Such beds in the tree wheel will protect the tree from moths.

Before planting, it is necessary to loosen the soil well and clean it from weeds and larvae of parasites. The hole must be dug up to 1 meter deep and about 80 cm in diameter. An organic mixture is laid inside - mowed grass or hay. Next, there is a layer of humus and ash. All this mixture must be mixed and plenty of water. By the way, the more fertile the soil, the less deep the pit should turn out.

You should buy seedlings in specialized stores or grow from the stone. But it must be remembered that a plant germinated from a stone may not repeat the varietal properties of the mother tree. The most effective method among gardeners is sprouting through cuttings. They take root best and do not lose the original signs of culture. Seedlings need to choose healthy, without damaged leaves and stems, and only those that are grown in your area. You should ask the quarantine card from the seller, pay attention to the root system, because it must be well branched with a length of 30 cm.

It is best to describe this procedure in the form of such step-by-step instructions as:

• you need to inspect the seedling and remove any damage from the green part and the roots;
• place the root system in a nutrient solution that stimulates growth for 10–12 hours;
• plant a seedling in the prepared hole, carefully placing the roots so that they do not bend upwards;
• set the cherry so that 8–10 cm of tree neck is above the level of the fossa; The seedling itself should be placed vertically north of the support;
• pour 3 buckets of water into portions without washing away the buried roots, and cover all with husk, peat or humus;
• and last, to fix the trunk with a peg, without damaging the bark, which protects the sapling from wind gusts.

Following all the rules, everyone will be able to properly plant the Vladimirskaya cherry, making it easier for her to adapt and increase development success.

Caring for cherries includes both standard requirements, which implies any garden culture, and specific requests. Particularly careful to be the trees for the first few years. At this time the crown of a plant actively develops, roots grow. All this in the future plays a major role in obtaining a good harvest. For example, do not allow the growth of weeds under the tree itself, you need to regularly loosen this area, but do not expose the roots. To solve these problems, you can plant a circle near the barrel with clover. You should choose a variety that slightly grows in height, but it will enrich the soil with nitrogen.

Another feature of care is pruning cherries. The first pruning can be carried out carefully after disembarkation. The right time for this procedure is the early spring, when the buds have not yet begun to bloom. Removed extra non-skeletal branches to the stem ring. Do not leave segments.After pruning, it is necessary to disinfect all fresh "wounds" with green paint. On average, 6–7 large branches should remain on the tree; in weak trees, no pruning is required. Speaking of watering, it is worth noting that it is enough to water the tree 2-3 times per season. But it should be abundant watering - about 1.5-2 buckets at a time.

Feeding should be considered in more detail - this is the most effective method of supporting the immunity of a cherry tree its entire life cycle. It is recommended to feed from the moment of the beginning of fructification, that is in 2–3 years. Basically, lure is needed the same way as water in early spring, during the ripening of berries and before wintering the tree. This is done after watering, falling asleep feeding in the formed furrows. There are two types of minerals: organics and chemicals. What to use, the choice remains for each. The first is ash, humus, bird droppings and bone meal. There are a lot of types of chemical preparations on gardening bases.

Well, the last, although no less important - is protection from pests. What types of parasites live on cherries will be discussed below, but as for controlling them, two effective methods are worth noting.

• Pollinators. Pollination option is suitable for protecting leaves and trunk.
• Watering with special substances. If the root system is damaged, then you can get inside with watering.

To quickly deal with the problem, it is recommended to use specialized chemicals, sharpened under a specific pest. They have fast action and good prophylactic protection. It should be noted a separate form of protection of all trees from insects - whitewash. Lime is usually lime with copper sulfate. This process differs little from the generally accepted one, except for the fact that young trees are not recommended to be whitened.

Least of all "Vladimirskaya" cherry is resistant to fungal diseases. This weakness must always be remembered, given that parasites mutate and new diseases constantly appear. It is worth considering the most popular varieties of diseases of the cherry.

• Coccomycosis appears through the brown spots on the leaves, because of which they begin to fall off. As a result, the bare tree in winter begins to freeze and die.
• Monilial burn The spores of the fungus through the flower penetrate the stem and block the flow of water and minerals. As a result, the branches begin to dry out and die, which looks like a burnt tree.
• Anthracnose affected berries, which take the form of horny hills. This becomes a reason for losing more yield as the fruit dries.
• Comedication - this is the appearance of amber-colored liquid on a tree trunk. Because of this, the culture weakens and becomes defenseless against various diseases.

In the fight against any such problems, the main thing is quickly collect and burn the affected areas of the plant so that they do not spread the disease throughout the tree and the garden. The next step is to consult a specialist and select a drug for a specific case. And do not delay the time of processing plants antifungal solution, so as not to start a serious disease process. But, besides the fungus, "Vladimirka" often becomes a victim of various pests. The main reason for pest control is that they use parts of the tree as food for their caterpillars and larvae. Cherry weevil, slimy sawfly, as well as moth and aphids eaten leaves, flowers and fruits of the plant.

The berries are poured and ready to eat in July. But at once all the fruits can not be plucked, as they ripen in parts. In order to get the maximum from the tree, it will be necessary to harvest 3-4 times per season.When the collection period comes, you need to deal with it regularly, otherwise the over-ripe berry will fall and rot. With good care and yield, you can collect up to 30 kg of cherries. "Vladimir" berries are tasty both fresh and preserved. Fresh fruits can be stored for up to two weeks in the refrigerator, but not with the lid closed. But if you want to eat cherries in winter, then, in addition to jam, you can freeze or dry it.

In the next video, eight useful tips for caring for cherries are waiting for you.