Black Cherry: Popular Varieties and Their Characteristics

Recently, the cherry loses its position in front of its more famous and tasty relative - cherry. Most often, the cherry is not so large and not so sweet, which makes it not so popular. However, there are a number of breeding varieties that are not inferior to the sweet cherry.

Cherry is not just a tree familiar to everyone, the presence of which in the garden can surprise someone. About him first became known in the XI century. Gardener's love for this tree is in a fairly simple care and variety of varieties. All cherries are divided into two categories: moreli and amorely. Morel is a black cherry, while an aurel ale is a variety in which its skin is red or light pink.

One of the most popular and common types of cherry is black and its varieties such as Vladimirskaya, Zhukovskaya, Rossoshanskaya black, Black large, Leningradskaya black, etc.

Black cherry grows on the territory of the Caucasus, in central Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova. Externally, it is very similar to sweet cherry: large, with dark fleshy berries, has a sweet-sour taste. Depending on the type of black cherry, the characteristics of fruit-bearing trees vary: some trees are less frost-resistant and require more care during the budding and flowering period, others are completely unpretentious and are not afraid of even severe frost in the spring.

The name of this variety speaks for itself - “Leningrad” black cherry was bred in St. Petersburg. This is one of the most cold-resistant varieties of black cherry, since it was bred specifically for this region. But this does not mean that the tree will not be able to grow in other areas, because, thanks to its resistance to severe frosts, it can grow even in regions where the thermometer drops to -30 ° C in winter. In addition, this species has a high level of disease resistance, which is an important aspect in the choice of gardeners of the variety for planting.

The tree is quite high, can reach 4 meters, has a voluminous, spreading crown, which must be cut, otherwise the fruit will be covered with leaves and will not be able to receive enough light and heat. This is one of the varieties whose pollinators can act like the Leningradskaya itself, as well as other types of cherries: “Dawn”, “Revna”. The ripening period of the fruit depends on weather conditions and has a fairly long period: from mid-June to mid-July. The fruits are dark, almost black in color, but not as large as those of other types of black cherry, but no less tasty.

This variety of black cherry was bred at the Rossoshansky gardening station, after which it was named. The tree is quite different from its Leningrad "fellow": it is low, does not have a dense crown, although the leaves are quite large. The color of the bark depends on the age of the cherry and varies from gray to black. It has a fairly high frost resistance, but requires more care than the Leningradskaya, and is more susceptible to diseases, such as coccomycosis and moniliosis.

This variety is also self-fertile, however, to increase the amount of the harvested crop, it would be nice to plant other varieties of cherries nearby. The yield of “Rossoshanskaya” black cherry is slightly lower than that of “Leningradskaya”, but all the fruits ripen at the same time. The fruits overripe and fall off, after which they germinate extremely quickly, which can upset the root system of a large tree. The harvest begins at the end of July. Fruits are dark, fleshy, sweet and sour.

Black Cherry "Consumer Goods" was bred by I. V. Michurin. However, its figures, unfortunately, correspond to the name. It is impossible to tell a lot about this cherry, it is not the most popular variety. She has much less advantages than minuses, so you rarely see her in gardens. From the positive qualities of this cherry, you can highlight the taste and size of the tree. The tree is short with a crown of medium density, which facilitates harvesting.

But even this plus is more likely a negative quality, since the yield of the tree is extremely small, and the occupied area is equal to other high types of black fruit of the cherry. In addition, the tree is not frost-resistant and self-productive, so hardly anyone would want to have such a specimen in their garden. Too much care is required, and the result does not justify effort.

"Vladimir" cherry is the first known variety, which was introduced by monks from Greece. This variety has come a long way of adaptation from the Greek climate and soil to grow in central Russia. The tree is simple, looks more like a bush, low, although there are instances reaching five meters. There are few leaves on it, the tree has a spherical shape.

Due to the fact that this species has been growing on the territory of Russia and other countries for a long time, it has sufficient immunity, although its cold resistance is not as high as that of other varieties of black cherry.

The tree begins to bear fruit in the second year after planting. The berries do not have the same size, ripen in the second decade of July. Fruits are not very suitable for transportation, they are usually used for cooking jam or stewed fruit. The taste is dominated by the acid component, but much depends on the amount of water and heat that the tree received in the process of fruit ripening. Do not forget that this tree is self-productive, so you have to plant a number of cherries and other varieties for pollination, for example, “Amorel Rose”, “Turgenevka”, “Leningradskaya black”.

The variety is fastidious, but it is popular due to the prevalence and high yield.

One of the youngest varieties, which was bred a little over 30 years ago. Sometimes they say that "Chocolate Girl" is the quintessence of excellent performance of all other varieties of black cherry. The tree is low, reaching 2-2.5 meters in height, which simplifies the process of harvesting. It has sprawling branches and low leaf density, so the yield and taste of cherries is qualitatively different from other varieties. Besides “Chocolatnitsa” is a self-bearing tree that does not require other pollinating trees, even to maintain the harvest. If, nevertheless, there is a desire to diversify the cherry trees, the best neighbors for “Chocolate Girl” will be “Vladimirskaya” and “Leningradskaya” black cherries.

Unfortunately, it is not worth waiting for a quick harvest from this tree. A sufficient number of fruits will appear only 3-4 years after planting. However, the wait is worth it. The berries begin to ripen in early July, the fruits are large, sweet, dark brown. The harvest relative to the size of the tree itself exceeds all expectations and reaches 13 kilograms per bush.

It often happens that after reading about the unpretentiousness of "Chocolate Girl", gardeners plant this variety and do not watch the tree, and after a few years they begin to wonder at the lack of harvest and slow growth.

Mostly black cherries are favorites for growing. Responses to the varieties described in this article are almost always positive. Sometimes it happens that gardeners are mistaken in choosing the right tree for their climate, which does not give the desired result.Or, for example, to the cherry, which needs pollinating neighbors, they are not planted, which reduces the quality and quantity of the crop.

In order to become the owner of an incredible cherry orchard, you need to exert a sufficient amount of effort and knowledge, both when choosing the varieties of fruitful trees themselves and in the subsequent care of them.

One of the main aspects is the choice of the variety, which will become the main garden. Here all factors must be taken into account: starting from global things, such as whether a variety is in a region, or the proximity of the main tree to others that will be planted for pollination.

The next step after selecting a variety is planting in the ground. Only after a thorough study of the planting time of a new tree should you proceed to action. If it is not the right time or poor quality approach to the implementation of this step, the tree may grow poorly or not at all take root.

Do not neglect the treatment of trees from harmful insects and typical diseases of the cherry. If you do not carry out treatment, the tree will simply die, and all the effort and money invested in it will be wasted. Chemistry and pesticides from treating trees can only be feared when the owner chooses cheap products. Today the market has a number of tools that are excellent tools in the fight for the harvest, safe for the fruit and for humans. The main thing is to have the desire and make a little effort, and the result will not take long to wait.

On how to quickly cook a delicious cherry jam, you will learn from the following video.