Grapes "Julian": description of the variety, planting and care

The grapes "Julian" is well known to Russian summer residents and owners of personal plots.The high demand for the variety is explained not only by its ability to withstand harsh climatic conditions, but also by a rather short growing season, allowing it to obtain a rich harvest in a short northern summer.

The variety was bred by amateur breeder Kapelyushny. Later, he compiled a detailed description and carried out varietal tests "Juliana." The Kesha and Rizamat varieties were chosen as the parent pair, and they transferred such important properties to the new culture as early maturation, frost resistance and excellent taste.

"Julian" is a table variety, different sweet and crunchy fruits of elongated shape, having a pink with a yellowish tinge and reaching 4 cm in length. Grapes are characterized by a high sugar content, sometimes reaching 28% of the total mass. An important feature of grapes is the fact that, in the presence of a very thin peel, the fruits are beautifully stored for a long time and are highly transportable.

The vegetation period "Juliana" is one of the shortest among the various grape varieties and is about 100 days. The plant is bisexual, therefore it does not require artificial pollination and the presence of bees on the plantation.

A bunch of grapes "Julian" has a loose structure, which is due to the loose fit of the berries to each other. The average weight of a grape is 15 g, however, when growing a culture in a warm climate, specimens weighing 20 grams or more are quite common. The bunch weight varies from 700 g to 2 kg, and the average yield of “Juliana” is 10 kg / m2. The variety is well adapted not only to heat, but also to cold, which allows it to be bred in any climate zone without restriction.

When buying seedlings in the first place you should pay attention to the root system of the young plant. It should consist of at least three large roots and be quite extensive. When incising one of the root processes, the cut should produce a juice and be rather light or white. Otherwise, the plant is not alive and is not subject to planting. After checking the viability of the rhizome, you can check the main stem: when cutting the top, the cut color should be bright green.

The next selection rule is the timing of the acquisition. It is not recommended to buy seedlings long before planting. This is due to the fact that tall and beautiful-looking seedlings, most likely, were grown using growth accelerators, and after planting in the ground such plants often do not survive and die.

If the seedling has a hard bark and is bought in the autumn, you should pay attention to the presence of leaves. It is desirable that the green mass on such a plant was absent. This will prevent the loss of moisture and nutrients through the leaf plates and speed up the growth of the seedling in a new place. Judging by the estimates of experienced growers, the young shoots of "Julian" take root pretty well and begin to bear fruit in the fourth year.

Planting grape seedlings should begin with the choice of location. The plant loves sunshine, so for its placement is to choose a site located on the south side of the fence or at home. It is good if the landing site is protected from the wind, because young plants do not tolerate drafts well. If it is not possible to choose a windless area, it is recommended to stretch the protective film screens along the bushes, arranging them so that they do not block the sun.

After the place is chosen, it is necessary to examine the soil. In case the area is too wet, it is necessary to equip the drainage system. Further, approximately 3 weeks before the planned landing, the ground should be carefully dug up. Lime is usually added to acidified soils at the rate of 200 g / m2, while depleted ones are fertilized with the help of compost, manure and complex mineral fertilizers.

The preparation of the landing site should be completed with the construction of a support system consisting of two-meter-long poles dug into the 60-centimeter depth and a wire stretched between them. The distance between two adjacent supports should not exceed three meters. The wire is tensioned as follows: the lower rad should be positioned at a distance of 40 cm from the ground, and all subsequent ones should be pulled 30 cm apart.

After the place for "Juliana" will be prepared, you can start landing. In the southern regions, grapes are usually planted from October to March, and in the northern regions, they focus on budding and warming the earth to +10 degrees. For example, in central Russia and the Moscow region, it is necessary to focus on April, in more northern regions - in the middle of May.

Work should begin with a visual inspection of the acquired seedlings. When damaged shoots are found, they should be cut with shears, and the roots should be cut, leaving 15 cm long shoots. In each well, you need to drive a support rod, then lower the seedling into the hole and tie it to the peg. Then the roots should be covered with earth and plentifully shed. Under each bush is required to pour at least one and a half buckets of water. After the moist soil in the hole settles a bit, it is filled and tamped.

Caring for the grape varieties "Julian" is not much different from caring for other varieties of culture and is pruning, watering and feeding plants. Watering is recommended to carry out several times a season. The first should be carried out at planting, the second - 7-10 days before the start of flowering, and the last - after all the flowers bloom. In this case, you need to add some wood ash to the water.

Watering plants during their flowering is strictly prohibited. This can lead to the fall of the petals of the inflorescences and a significant reduction in yield. When fruit is poured, watering is performed only in cases of prolonged drought. With infrequent and scant precipitation, it is not necessary to water the culture. If the weather is rainy for most of the season, it is recommended to equip the shed, which will protect the culture from waterlogging.

In contrast to watering fertilizer "Julian" should be regularly. The demanding culture for constant feeding is due to the waste of a large amount of plant energy on the formation and growth of fruits. Therefore, the introduction of potash-phosphorus drugs and complex mineral fertilizers for "Juliana" is vital. Top dressing can be carried out using spraying, as well as root-root method.

In addition to the current treatment, it is recommended to cover the root part of the bush with a layer of 5 cm thick compost once a year. Julian reacts sharply to magnesium deficiency, which is why spraying the plant once every two weeks with magnesium sulfate should become mandatory. To prepare such a solution, you need to take 250 g of the drug and dissolve it in 10 liters of water. Magnesium dressing should be carried out throughout the growing season and continue until the fruit ripens.

Pruning is a mandatory procedure for growing grapes.When it is done, no more than 10 buds should remain on each vine, and no more than 45 on the whole bush. Experienced winegrowers recommend leaving three main stems. And two of them are intended for fruiting. and the third is trimmed so that next season it can provide replacement stalks.

In the summer, to improve the taste and obtain larger fruit clusters also need to be pruned. It is recommended to leave as many clusters on a young bush as a plant, and only upon reaching the age of four can their number reach ten. Pruning grapes should be carried out throughout the year, with the exception of the winter months. The main limitation of the procedure is the start of sap flow. During this period, pruning plants can not be made.

Following the simple recommendations of experienced growers will help increase the survival rate of seedlings and increase the yield of adult plants. For example, an important condition for proper growth of grapes is to preserve the heat of the soil obtained by it throughout the day. To do this, the top layer of soil is usually mulched with plant residues or covered with black film. A good way to warm the roots of the plant is the placement of plastic barrels with warm water.

Water in such tanks keeps heat for a long time and warms plants on a cold night. In the case of the onset of the first night frosts, it is recommended that in the evening, as soon as the temperature passes through 0, spray the bushes with warm water and wait until a thin ice crust appears. In the morning at sunrise the ice will melt and the grapes will be saved. In the same way, you can protect plants from spring frosts.

The grapes "Julian" needs additional shelter in the winter. The exceptions are plants growing in the southern climatic zones. Cloaking cultures are usually engaged in the second half of October, shortly before negative temperatures are established. The bush is tied up in a bunch and covered with a layer of soil of 10 cm. Then the grapes are covered with a bag, covered with earth again, and after that covered with slate. If desired, the slate can be replaced by boards with a minimum thickness of 3 cm.

Further, the whole structure is covered with a dense film and fixed at the edges with heavy objects. Based on reviews of summer residents and winegrowers, those plants that have a half-meter layer of snow formed in the winter period are better tolerated for wintering. Shrubs, wintering in a sharply continental dry climate with low rainfall, are less tolerant of frost, and can freeze.

The variety "Julian", like all hybrid plants, is quite resistant to fungal diseases. Due to this, the culture does not need regular spraying with chemicals and is less prone to grape ailments. However, some experts still recommend preventive measures. To do this, the bushes are treated with solutions of copper sulfate or fungicides.

The most dangerous disease of the variety is Alternaria. Bacteria attack leafy plates, fresh shoots, inflorescences and fruits. Grapes become completely unfit for consumption.

The main pests of grape crops are birds and wasps. However, the latter are not terrible for “Julian”: insects cannot bite through the thin and dense skin of fruits, therefore they quickly lose interest in them.Installation of a barrier grid helps to avoid the invasion of birds.

Grapes "Julian" is well suited for beginners growers. He is unpretentious in care, resistant to diseases and has a pleasant taste. And the ability for early maturation allows cultivation in a short summer and low temperatures.

Review of grapes "Julian", see the following video.