Red grapes: varieties, benefits and harm

Red grapes is a sweet delicacy that will please not only the sweet teeth, but also those who try to adhere to a healthy lifestyle. Fresh fruit, as well as beverages based on it, jams, sauces and sweet foods contain many beneficial trace elements that are essential for the body.

The homeland of red grapes has long been considered Italy and China. Later these countries were joined by America and Australia. It is in these countries that favorable conditions have been created for the growth of vineyards: a lot of hot sun, water, and open shaded areas.

Red grapes have a fairly high calorie. Per 100 grams of product, this figure is 69 kcal. If we talk about the ratio of BJU, these proportions will be 4/2/99 percent. In terms of kcal, the ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates is: 2.88 / 1.44 / 68.8. One berry of red grapes weighs about 4 grams.

The healing properties of grapes were known for several thousand years BC. Moreover, not only the berries themselves are useful, but also other parts of the fruit, leaves and seeds. In total, this plant has over 150 dietary supplements. In modern medicine practiced ampeloterapiya, with which treatment is carried out using grapes.

It is scientifically proven that the components contained in red grapes have a beneficial effect on the human body.

• Vitamins of group B have a beneficial effect on the psycho-emotional state.
• Organic and saturated fatty acids saturate the body with the necessary energy.
• Vitamins of groups A, C, E, PP, K increase immunity, help to quickly cope with colds, strengthen the optic nerves.
• Grape oils, which are part of the cosmetics for women, allow you to keep your skin youthful.
• The presence of potassium, calcium, iron, phosphorus, sodium, zinc, magnesium, bromine, manganese, fluorine and copper helps to strengthen bone tissue, normalize blood pressure, carry out prevention of diseases of the circulatory and cardiovascular systems.

• Antioxidant resveratrop is a natural cure for premature aging and diseases of the body. It does not allow free radicals to form that negatively affect cell membranes. The component is effective in the fight against malignant tumors, cholesterol, local inflammatory foci, liver problems.
• In the red grapes there is a large amount of dietary fiber, so the berries will be useful for pancreatitis, high acidity of the gastric region.
• Daily consumption of 200 grams of grapes will help eliminate constipation, improve the condition of the choleretic system, level the harm from chemotherapy, improve memory, and prevent Alzheimer's disease.

Especially useful grapes for children, the elderly and students in the period of pre-examination preparation.

Grape seeds also have useful properties. At home, they are used as an ingredient for the preparation of mayonnaise and snacks, and in pharmacies stones are sold as an extract. Such a dietary supplement is able to strengthen the retina and increase visual acuity, relieve tension from the eyes and carry out prevention of age-related changes in vision. Regular use of the extract will enrich the body with missing minerals and increase the ability to concentrate. Cosmetics with grape seed extract prevent the aging of the face and body.

You will learn more about the beneficial properties of grapes by watching the following video.

Red grapes are conditionally divided into two varieties: technical and table. Those, in turn, have subspecies: early-ripening, mid-ripening and late ripening.

Technical varieties are required for wine. It is thanks to the red grape drinks have a deep ruby ​​shade. Viscous taste and aroma of the wine is formed by the fermentation of grape skins with stones in its own juice. Consider the most common wine varieties.

Homeland variety is considered the province of Bordeaux, located in France. This grape is known from the XVII century. Alcoholic beverages are obtained refined, sophisticated, beautiful pomegranate hue with a rich aftertaste. This variety is well suited for long-term beverages.

The place of origin is France, but nowadays this variety is found in many countries. The taste of the drink is softer than that of the previous variety. Grapes contain a large amount of sugars of natural origin and alcohol.

The description for this grape says that it is one of the most ancient varieties. He gained fame in Rome, in the XIV century. Luxurious Burgundy wines are produced from grapes of this variety. Raw materials for the production of alcoholic beverages can be collected only in a place called Cote d'Or. The hue of the wine obtained from the grapes of this variety is not as saturated as that of the drinks from the berries of other varieties.

This variety is differently called "Syrah". Born grapes on the southern coast of France. Now grown in the US, Australia, Africa and Italy. Wines from this grape have a high strength. Their color is red with a purple tint. In the taste there are notes of chocolate, pepper, currant, in the train - the aromas of natural leather and smoke.

Spanish grape variety, known by another name - "Tinto Fino". Wines from the berries of this variety are distinguished by a soft berry-chocolate taste and a dark shade. Drinks are distinguished by their strength, their rich flavor bouquet is revealed over time.

Dessert wines are made from grapes of this variety. The fruit is very demanding on the composition of the soil, climatic conditions, humidity level. Vineyards grown in different parts of the same country may have color and taste differences. In general, the wines obtained from the Nebbiolo grapes have a bright hue, a tart taste, and in the train - notes of violet and licorice.

Homeland grapes - Africa. The taste of the varieties of fruit, soft, deep. Drinks derived from Pinotage have a deep purple hue. This variety is the basis for the preparation of port wine, sweet and sparkling wines of different strength.

Country of origin - Argentina. The grapes of this species are not very common, most often it is used as a supplement to other varieties, so that the drinks become dark ruby ​​in color and slightly sour.

Red grapes of table varieties may vary:

• by color (slightly);
• the period of ripening (early, middle, late, and their finer gradations);
• by quality (an indicator of sugar content, the size of clusters and fruits - large, small, medium, the appearance of the pulp, the state of the skin).

All the points described above are associated not only with a particular grape variety, but also with the characteristics of the agricultural technology used in its cultivation.

Among the popular table varieties are the following.

Ranked as late-ripening varieties.The fruit has large berries with a pleasant taste and subtle aroma. Grapes "Globus" is characterized by high yield and resistance to cracking of fruits, a long shelf life (up to four months), good portability of transportation. The only drawback of the described variety is its instability to fungal diseases.

Differs in large pink fruits slightly elongated cylindrical shape. The weight of one berry can reach 20 grams. In total, there can be up to 1.5 kg of fruits on a bunch. Maturing term is medium early.

Refers to superearly varieties. The plant grows heavily. The berries are large, pinkish, round shape. The weight of an individual fetus reaches 10 grams. In total, up to 800 grams of fruit is formed on a bunch of grapes. The variety has a pleasant taste and high resistance to cold - up to -22 degrees.

The early grade, differs in large pinkish-red fruits of an oval form with a thin skin. The sugar content in fruits can reach 23%. The variety has a high resistance to diseases such as powdery mildew, botrytiosis.

It is considered an early ripe grade. Large berries have a spicy taste and strong pulp. "Kishmish" gives a bountiful harvest, resistant to winter frosts, does not require shelter.

Differs in high fruitful properties. Fruits are medium-sized, oval-shaped, red-purple hue. The sugar content of fruits of this variety reaches 20%. Best of all, Kokur Red is growing in central Russia.

Homeland varieties is Uzbekistan. The berries are oblong in shape, rich red in color, with dense sweet flesh. Variety responsive to watering.

This variety is best grown in greenhouse conditions. Large clusters of pure-colored with dense skin are formed on the bunch. It is recommended to treat mildew.

It is famous for large berries with thin skin, ruby-red color, with fragrant pulp and light spicy notes. The variety is resistant to many diseases and pests (except for spider mites), is well stored, but does not tolerate freezing.

With all the beneficial properties of excessive use of red grapes for the body is significant harm. Fruit can not be consumed when:

• type II diabetes (due to the high glycemic index);
• high blood pressure;
• uremia;
• edema;
• ulcers of the mouth;
• colitis;
• individual intolerance to any of the components that make up the berries;
• tendencies to migraines (polyphenols and tannins contained in grapes can strengthen these ailments);
• diarrhea;
• caries (with caution, in small portions);
• obesity;
• acute stage of tuberculosis;
• during the diet (per day you can afford no more than 20 berries).

Among the recommended precautions when using grapes, you must observe the following rules.

1. After each use of the fruit, rinse your mouth with boiled water and soda (0.5 tablespoons per glass of water).
2. Drink fresh juice to avoid excessive use of preservatives and sugar, which is contained in excess in packaged samples.
3. Remember that grapes reduce blood clotting. Therefore, it should be used very carefully with anti-thrombosis drugs such as heparin, aspirin and warfarin.

According to reviews of winegrowers, red grapes gives a bountiful harvest, If you follow a few rules of agricultural engineering:

1. for planting choose a warm and sunny place;
2. select a variety suitable for a particular climatic zone;
3. the distance between seedlings should be more than 1 meter;
4. pay special attention to watering;
5. annually form a bush;
6. tie up at a 45 degree angle;
7. conduct disease prevention;
8. fertilize in small portions.