Features of cultivation of grapes "Kishmish radiant"

A special place among all types of grapes is occupied by seedless varieties.They are known to our compatriots under the common name of kishmish, their fruits are characterized by an exquisite sweet taste, so they can be used either raw or used as raw materials for the production of winter blanks. “Kishmish radiant” is especially popular among summer residents due to its high yield and resistance to the climate of the central part of Russia.

Grape variety “Kishmish radiant” is a hybrid obtained by breeders from Moldova over two decades ago. To obtain it, the common varieties of Kishmish Pink and Cardinal were crossed, the result was an unpretentious and cold-resistant species, which was so loved by the majority of residents of the post-Soviet space. An important role in this was played by high rates of yield of the variety - from each bush you can collect up to 30-40 kg of berries.

Among summer residents and wine-growers there is an opinion that among all the seedless varieties the most delicious and fragrant is “Kishmish radiant”. This is a mid-season crop. Mature fruits can be obtained 120-130 days after the start of flowering.

The plant is characterized by increased growth and tillering, it forms a rather long scourge. Five-lobed leaves, large, green mass developed.

The berries have an elongated rounded shape, the color is pink. Each berry weighs about 4-6 g. The flesh is very fleshy and juicy, but at the same time dense, so that the berries perfectly withstand transportation and long-term storage.

The sugar content of fruits is 18-21%, and the proportion of acid does not exceed 7%, this causes a pleasant delicate taste of grapes with light nutmeg notes. The flowers are bisexual, therefore, as a rule, there are no problems with pollination, and the plants do not require additional manual pollination.

First fruits can be expected within a year after planting., the approximate aging period depending on weather conditions varies from 120 to 140 days.

Grape varieties "Radish Kishmish" ripen in late August - early September. 60-70% of the vines are fruit, this should be taken into account before pruning.

Harvest can be stored in boxes in a cool dry place until the New Year. The grapes are consumed raw, and also used for preservation and home-made wines.

"Radiant kishmish" has a lot of advantages that distinguish it among all other grape varieties. Here are some of them.

The plant has a very flexible vine, it greatly facilitates the cultivation of culture in regions with unfavorable climate, for example, in the Moscow region, and other areas of the middle zone of our country. It is very simple to cover the bushes for wintering due to such their characteristics - you just need to tilt the shoots and press them to the ground, while the grapes do not receive any damage. At the same time, “radiant kishmish” is distinguished by good frost resistance, therefore wintering does not harm the saplings.

High fertility is a great advantage.It is possible to reap good harvest from each bush even in areas with adverse climatic conditions.

The berries have a high sugar content, they are characterized by a juicy and sweet taste. Using them can be universal - they are eaten raw, they are suitable for spins, the fruits are ideal for making red wine.

The variety can be grown for personal consumption as well as for sale, as it has a thick skin that carries packaging, transportation and storage for a long period.

Agrotechnology culture is quite simple - after the rooting bushes grow very actively and in a fairly short period of time reach the size of an adult plant.

Like any other variety, the hybrid has its drawbacks, and in the first place - it is susceptibility to various diseases, and poor resistance to pests. However, with proper care, preventive measures and timely measures to heal the grapes from the problem, you can get rid of it very quickly.

A high yield, which refers to the pluses of the plant, many breeders attribute simultaneously to minusesSince the large size and weight of the clusters creates an excessive load on the bush, which, unfortunately, not every branch can cope - some of them break down, leading to crop losses.

Literate pruning does not solve this problem, because even if the bush survives, the berries that form in large quantities may not have enough potassium and other micro and macro elements necessary for aging. The result is the appearance of cracks in the berries, increased wateriness and excessive acidity of the fruit.

That is why it is extremely important to regularly prune overgrown bushes and feed the grapes with complex fertilizers - only in this case can you get a rich harvest of ripe and mouth-watering berries.

Due to the exceptional consumer features, “Kishmish radiant” is in high esteem among breeders who tirelessly cross it with other hybrids, seeking to get even better, tasty and resistant to adverse effects fruits.

When crossing the varieties “Radishish Kishmish” and “Arcadia”, a new variety of grapes, called “Sophia”, was developed. This is an early ripe table variety, the vegetation period of which is 110-115 days. Apical leaves are rather large, without clearly dissected, rather rounded, dark green color. Plantations have vigorous structure.

The Sofia grapes are large, each has a length of 25–35 mm, and a width of 20–22 mm. The color of the fruit is pink, the skin is thin, almost never felt during the meal.

The flesh is juicy and fleshy, has a sweet taste and a nutmeg smell. This variety has seeds: 1-2 berries in each berry. The flowers are female, so the plant requires artificial pollination, most often for this they use Arkady flower stalks.

As a result of crossing "Sophia" with the grapes "Rusbol", the ram "Veles" was bred. The berries have a sweet nutmeg taste, the pulp is juicy and crispy.

The variety is characterized by high yield, the weight of each fruit is 6 grams, and the weight of the brush reaches 1.5 kg.

The advantage of the hybrid is seedless and early ripening, you can get mature fruits after 90-100 days from the time of flowering. The variety is bisexual, therefore it can be pollinated naturally.

"Veles" can withstand temperatures down to -21 degrees, so it can be successfully cultivated in most parts of Russia.

Another variety of the variety “Kishmish radiant” is the variety “Levokumskiy” - its resistance to fungal diseases and other typical diseases of the vine is currently being studied.

Despite the fact that agricultural cultivar "Kishmish radiant" is quite simple, care for the grapes is necessary, and throughout the year.

It is very important to choose the right place for planting varieties, because the bush belongs to tall and spreading, it will require a lot of space. This plant does not tolerate cramping, if the frequency of plantings is increased, the fruits are crushed and will ripen worse. It is extremely important to place a support next to the vine, to which the branches will cling as they grow.

The site should be well lit, the shadow is strictly contraindicated to the plant. It is important to avoid drafts and gusts of wind, so it is best to plant the plant near the fences and walls of the building, but so that they do not block the sun's rays.

Optimally deal with planting in the fall, the best for these works is suitable in October. You can not worry that the plant will not tolerate the first winter badly - if you cover a young bush, it can withstand freezing temperatures without complications.

For cooler regions, planting sodish is better in spring - to do this, wait until the average daily temperature reaches +15 degrees and the soil warms up to + 10-12 degrees. As a rule, this occurs in the last days of April - early May.

Grapes grow only in fertile soils, they need black soil, so if your land does not meet these requirements, then take care of its fertilizer in advance. Both mineral and organic fertilizers should be applied to the soil, and it should be done better 2-4 weeks before planting.

As for sowing material, specialists are unanimous here - it is best to purchase it in specialized nurseries, while it is important to pay attention to the state of the root system - it must be developed without any defects and injuries.

Planting has its own characteristics. If you plant a plant near a support, fence or building, then you should retreat one meter from the barrier, remember that “Kishmish Radiant” needs space. The distance between seedlings should be 2-3 meters.

Before planting should prepare the hole. To do this, dig a hole about 80 cm deep with a diameter of 70-80 cm, drainage is placed at the bottom, rubble is most often used, and sprinkled with a mixture of compost, humus, river sand and sod from above.

During the week, the pit should be watered so that all nutrients are well absorbed into the ground, then a support is driven into the recess and a young bush is planted.

“Radiant kishmish” requires regular watering, which should not be excessive, usually 5-6 buckets per bush are spent per session, provided that the seedlings are in black soil. If the quality of the land leaves much to be desired, then the amount of moisture should be increased to 8-10 buckets.

Watering is carried out every 4 days, but this standard is a recommendationbecause weather conditions should be taken into account. If the weather is sultry and dry, then watering can be done every other day, and if it rains all day long, the volume and frequency of watering should be reduced. It is important not to allow excess moisture, as this often leads to root rot and the development of fungal infections, and in addition, the taste of the berries becomes less saturated without the typical musk shade.

It is best to organize drip irrigation, but this option is good only in industrial growing conditions, water is poured around the stem in own farms, and it is important that the irrigation radius is not lower than 50-70 cm to give young roots an opportunity to get drunk.

10-14 days before full maturity of the crop, watering is stopped; in addition, it is not recommended to moisturize during flowering and formation of the ovary.

High fertility of bushes causes their need for regular dressings. Fertilizers are applied under the shrub several times during the growing season. In the spring, as soon as the snow melts, they are fed with nitrogen-containing compounds that ensure the growth and development of green mass. After some time, the plants will need phosphorus and potassium, as well as magnesium sulphate - this will allow for greater flowering and good formation of viable ovaries. Various fertilizers are very useful for the root system.

Well plants respond to fertilizer "Plantafol" - it is added to the soil shortly before floweringas well as immediately after the formation of the ovary. And when the fruits are gaining strength, it is better to give preference to "Gibberellin" - a special growth stimulator, due to which the berries are large and fleshy. Under the influence of this drug, you can get a harvest of up to 2 kilograms from each grape brush.

When choosing dressings, you should take into account the peculiarities of the soil, for example, if the soil is alkaline, the plant will need potassium, and if its acidity is increased, then it should be fed with phosphorus and sodium.

When applying fertilizers, it is necessary to observe the proportions indicated in the instructions, since in case of excessive glut of mineral components the yield may, on the contrary, be reduced.

Radiant kishmish requires both shaping and sanitary pruning. Do not allow the formation of large clusters, as this may cause damage to the branches. The recommended rate is 2 clusters per branch, while about 25 shoots should remain on the bush as a whole. A large number leads to a deterioration in the taste of the fruit and reduce the size of the berries.

With timely and competent thinning of the shrub, every gardener has good chances to get a big crop of large and sweet berries. Otherwise, the fruits will be small, and in addition, some of them may be cracked due to a deficiency of potassium and other mineral substances.

Despite the fact that the variety is classified as frost-resistant, it nevertheless needs to be harbored for the winter. In addition, the root system should be protected from freezing - for this purpose, for the winter, the circle of lap can be covered with mulch, hessian or agrofibre. But sawdust should not be used because they can cause souring of the soil.

Young seedlings require shelter even in the southern regionsAs for adults, one should rely on the climatic features of the area. Before the onset of cold frosts should be laid on the ground and squeeze coniferous spruce branches or dry straw.

Many believe that hybrid varieties of plants are resistant to any disease. This delusion - grape varieties, which would be 100% immune to fungal, bacterial and viral diseases, has not yet been deduced.

"Radiant kishmish" is not particularly resistant to damage and the effects of pests, this is one of its main drawbacks.

The plant is sick hard, and it is not so easy to cure it. Therefore, many agronomists recommend to pay special attention to the preventive spraying of bushes.

Processing is desirable to carry out in the spring, as soon as the growing season begins. It is important that the contact of the plant with chemical compounds takes place before flowering and the formation of the ovary, since in a later period this may be dangerous for the harvest of the berries.

To protect the plant from the fungus, it is treated with "Nitrofen" or iron sulphateBy the way, these compounds are well repel rats, mice and other rodents.

To protect the grapes from mold will require sulfur-containing products.

Grape varieties "Radiant Kishmish" - is a high-yielding culture with tasty and fragrant berries. The plant can grow in most regions of Russia and nearby countries, its agricultural technology includes standard measures - watering, pruning, fertilizing and treatment from pests. If you carry out all these manipulations in a timely manner, then the grapes, as evidenced by the reviews, will thank you for an exceptionally high yield of attractive and delicious berries.

On how to normalize the clusters of a vine bush, see the following video.