Grapes "Augustine": features of the variety and subtleties of cultivation

Not every garden crop can be used not only for the harvest, but also as a decorative component of the landscape design of the site. As for the grapes "Augustine", this plant is remarkable for its excellent yield and the ability to decorate homestead arbors, creating beautiful arches.

Grape varieties bred by Bulgarian breeders are very popular. As a special achievement in the work of scientists, it is worth noting the unique in its qualities hybrid "Augustine", which differs from other plants in its ability to bring high yields even in harsh climatic conditions. That is why the culture is successfully grown in the Moscow region, in the Leningrad region and even in the Urals.

The hybrid is considered to be a table variety and has several names - “Pleven Sustainable” or “Phenomenon V25 / 20”. Winter hardiness and good immunity to disease make it possible to use the fruit in various ways - as a fresh delicacy or as a product for making juices and wines.

Berries of grapes have harmonious organoleptic properties with a pleasant freshness aftertaste. The peel of the fruit is quite dense, but at the time of use is almost not felt. In the pulp there are usually several bones.

On the bushes formed quite large fruit clusters, having a conical shape. The mass of one brush is about 400 grams, in some cases there are brushes weighing about one kilogram.

The berries are also remarkable for their size, they have an oval shape of 3x2 centimeters and are quite densely arranged on clusters. The color of grapes varies from whitish to amber-yellow, when sunlight hits the fruit translucent. The grade well accumulates sugar, according to the description, its content in berries reaches 20%. This figure does not change even with the rainy summer during the ripening season.

The plant itself is vigorous with a powerful skeleton, due to which it is able to withstand heavy clusters of berries. On the shoots formed two inflorescences, when planting a cutting, it quickly adapts and develops. The green mass of the vines is quite large, thereby creating a beautiful shade.

"Augustine" is a self-pollinating variety, because it contains flowers of both sexes, as a result there are no problems with pollinating the vineyard. In addition, the culture itself can act as a pollinator for other grape varieties growing nearby.

The plant is capable of fruiting in the second year after planting. Culture, according to the ripening period, belongs to the superearly varieties, since the berries acquire technical maturity by the middle of August. On average, the growing season is about 117 days. When forming the berries do not have a tendency to pea. Mature fruits on the bushes retain their presentation and taste characteristics for about 2 weeks. However, due to heavy rainfall peel of the fruit may crack.

The variety is resistant to diseases and pests, however, the spoiled berries become an excellent bait for wasps and grapevines. As for resistance to negative temperatures, grapes retain their vitality even at -24 ° C, but under the condition of a competent shelter for the winter.

In general, the harvest is quite transportable, but in some cases over-ripe berries can be showered with brushes. The hybrid is most often consumed fresh, for the preparation of wines or juices it is rarely grown. Its decorative properties are highly valued, due to which Augustine is often referred to as gazebo cultures.

Grapes "Augustine" is quite in demand among winegrowers due to the mass of positive features:

• the crop produces high yields;
• the variety is resistant to various climatic conditions;
• the hybrid is immune to most diseases;
• fruits and clusters are distinguished by external attractiveness;
• the plant does not need planting other crops for pollination;
• variety refers to early ripening crops;
• berries almost do not attract insects, so do not need to provide additional protection.

To have the most detailed idea of ​​the Bulgarian hybrid, It is worth noting some of the disadvantages inherent in the plant:

• during long haul, overripe berries will fall off with brushes;
• from abundant precipitation berries crack;
• in the pulp of the berries, as a rule, there are several bones.

Due to the existing properties of "Augustine" perfectly adapt to weather conditions and climatic features, it bears fruit well not only in the south, but also in the northern regions. Successfully grow a variety in the northern regions of Ukraine and Belarus, in the central regions of Russia.

Popular hybrid in the Crimea, Moldova and in the south of our country. In the northern areas it is also possible to grow the grape variety in question.

Although the characteristic of a variety defines a culture as universal, there is still a number of planting requirements for survival, which relate to the type of soil. For grapes, marshy ground and stony soils are not suitable. In addition, low rates in the development of grapes will be observed on clayey soil.

It is better to plant the plant on a flat part of the garden, since excess moisture can accumulate in the lowlands, contributing to the rotting of the roots.

Reproduction of the variety "Augustine" is possible in several ways:

• planting cuttings;
• planting young varietal seedlings;
• seed cultivation;
• breeding taps.

Terms of planting crops directly depend on the chosen method of reproduction of grapes. As practice shows, for green seedlings, spring is considered the optimal time for planting into the ground, but planting in the fall is not prohibited.

Each period has its own positive and negative features. As for the spring works, at this time the sprout will be able to settle down and grow better, since it has a lot of sunny and warm days ahead. Some winegrowers claim that the plants planted in the spring, more quickly enter the phase of fruiting. The disadvantages of spring planting include the need for frequent watering, due to the fact that the water quickly leaves the soil and evaporates. In addition, spring problems may arise with the acquisition of material for planting.

At the end of the summer months there is no shortage in young plants, and the purchased crop can be immediately planted on the plot. The main task in the autumn planting is considered the shelter of the plant for the winter.

The place for the vineyard should be sunny, in addition, the soil for the plant is necessary with a maximum nutrient content. Unfortunately, not every gardener and gardener will be able to fully meet such requirements. That is why, before planting grapes, it is necessary to carry out preparatory measures concerning soil fertilization. Usually, humus in combination with mineral elements is used as an effective means to feed the land.

The distance between the bushes should be at least one meter. The distance between the rows must be made three meters. Such a hybrid placement scheme will allow the plants to get the maximum amount of sunlight without shading other bushes with their leaves, in addition, in this embodiment, care and harvesting is easier.

For planting grapes in advance prepared holes, they must be at a depth of about 1 meter. It is better to apply fertilizer to the bottom, compost in this case will be the optimal composition. From above, to avoid burns of the root system, it is necessary to sprinkle it with ordinary earth. Such a pit should be left for some time in such a condition to allow the ground to sag.

Before planting, the seedling must be carefully inspected for various defects and damage. The root system of a healthy young bush should be plastic, and the top of the seedling should be green. In order to speed up the process of adapting a culture, a few days before disembarking it should be sustained in a growth stimulator. After planting the bush should be poured abundantly Further soil moistening is performed as needed.

Agrotechnical measures associated with the cultivation of grapes "Augustine" are reduced to the following points:

• timely watering;
• loosening the soil and removing weeds;
• fertilizer feed;
• preventive spraying;
• sanitary pruning;
• bunch normalization;
• shelter for the winter.

Pruning of bushes is performed once a season, during the execution of these works, shoots are pruned by 6-12 eyes. When the first shoots appear, the grapes must be set to the appropriate shape. The optimal form for the grade will be a fan-shaped, multi-sleeve. Branches must be cut between the nodules. There are certain rules for trimming bushes:

• the vine is pruned so that one is longer than the other;
• on a short sprout, two buds should be left, the long appendix may contain up to nine buds;
• on the bush you can leave a few similar vines.

Molding can be carried out after the first year of the plant's life, and be carried out until the bush acquires the desired appearance.

In the role of fertilizer for plants, humus, phosphate and potash preparations give good results. It is more correct to feed the dressing to the place of occurrence of the root system of the grapes, at a distance of one meter from the trunk. To facilitate the work, you can make special trenches for the introduction of useful trace elements.

Spraying of diseases is performed twice a season - before the flowering phase of the bushes and after it.

A big problem that could jeopardize the grape harvest is the gravel seed, after which the berries can rot on the bushes.

Variety "Augustine" needs shelter for the winter, despite the cold resistance. Works related to the preparation for the wintering include the following activities:

• a vine of healthy plants is laid on the ground in trenches specially equipped for them;
• from above the film is stretched, it is necessary to ensure that the material is not in contact with the culture;
• further the layer of straw or needles is laid out;
• the last layer is the earth.

Shelter can be removed in the spring, when the snow melts and there is no likelihood of frost.

Even despite the improved characteristics of the hybrid culture, There are several important rules to follow when growing Augustine grapes:

• The key to good and regular harvest will be the fertility of the soil at the site, so when planning the creation of a vineyard, you should consider the condition of the soil;
• despite the unpretentiousness of agrotechnology, the plant needs good contact with sunlight, so the place for the development of the plant should not be in the shade, also drafts should be avoided;
• if you neglect the loosening of the soil in the vineyard, the berries on the clusters will become smaller;
• in the autumn, care must be taken to feed the bushes with organic fertilizers, for example, manure;
• mulching the land with sawdust or moss will help maintain optimum soil moisture;
• before the fruit ripens, some leaves must be removed to ensure unobstructed sunlight access for the grapes.

Review of grapes "Augustine" see below.