A detailed description of the grapes "Arcadia" and its cultivation

The range of cultivated grapes affects variety of varieties.Among them, hybrids occupy a special place, whose taste and quality characteristics make it possible to grow a culture in various climatic conditions, getting a good harvest. These varieties should include Arkadia grapes, which have a number of advantages, for which it is deservedly popular among winegrowers.

"Arcadia" occupies a leading position among the table varieties of culture due to its unique features. Grapes were bred not long ago by crossing the varieties of "Cardinal" and "Moldova". Quite rarely, but in some descriptions of the variety you can find its second name - “Nastya”. The level of popularity of the hybrid is indicated by the fact that it is successfully grown even in France, where winegrowers know a lot about similar plants and can appreciate the work of domestic breeders. “Arcadia” was bred in Soviet times, but, after years, not only did not lose its relevance, but rather confidently holds its position, therefore it is grown in almost all countries of the former Soviet Union.

Ripe grapes have a yellowish color or become ripe amber or even pink-purple during ripening. The weight of one berry is about 11 grams. The grape pulp is quite juicy and fleshy. According to the reviews, the taste and aroma of ripe grapes "Arkady" have light nutmeg notes, the skin of the berries is loose.

The sugar content in the product is 14-16%, with an acidity of 6 g / l. Due to similar features, this variety is recommended for use for those who watch their weight.

An adult plant can produce at least 20 kilograms of berries, and with competent agricultural technology and a favorable climate, the grape harvest can exceed 50 kilograms. The grade is allocated with good transportability due to quite good keeping quality of berries. In a cool room or in the fridge, berries are beautifully stored for about three months.

"Arcadia" refers to early ripening crops, the average maturation of which varies from 110-120 days. Heavy-growing fruit bushes with actively developing vines. Of the total number of shoots about 80% will bear fruit.

However, the growth of bushes strongly depends on the climatic conditions of growing grapes, so in some vineyards you can find medium-sized plants. The length of the shoots with flowers sometimes reaches impressive values, so during the cultivation and care of the culture needs pruning or pinching shoots at the stage of active growth. The foliage of the grapes is five-lobed.

As for ripening, in the middle lane the grapes are harvested around September, in warmer regions, the berries ripen by August. Brushes of grapes stand out for their size and can have a different shape, even on the same plant. Sometimes a bush contains both cylindrical and conical clusters.

Berries on the hands are located with an average density, but some plants can be seen with a rare placement of grapes. The weight of one brush on average reaches 0.5 kilograms. But there are clusters, the mass of which is close to two kilograms.

The considered hybrid is a self-pollinating plant, since flowers of both sexes develop on it. Due to this characteristic, the variety develops perfectly when planted separately from other types of grapes. In addition, the bushes "Arcadia" themselves act as pollinators for some grape varieties.

The detailed description of this hybrid indicates that it belongs to the table variety, due to which the plant is planted not only in private vineyards for personal use, but also on an industrial scale for subsequent sale in markets or in supermarkets. In some cases, it can be used for making wine, but most often the variety is consumed fresh or made from it.

Variety "Arcadia" has the highest award as the best table grapes. Crimea, Ukraine, and the central regions of Russia are considered to be the most favorable regions for crop cultivation; however, under greenhouse conditions, culture yields crops in Siberia, and quite often cultivars are cultivated in the Moscow region. In the middle zone and in the northern regions, where the climate differs significantly from the southern one by the presence of frosts, the plants need a mandatory shelter for the winter period.

Grapes are famous for their large yields, if the grower does not rationalize the load on the bush, all the grown clusters will have time to mature, but, as practice shows, such options do not always have a positive effect on the general condition of the bushes. As a result, crops overloaded with berries will most likely die by autumn or be less productive next season. However, with the integrity of the root system, even with the complete extinction of the ground part of the grapes, the bush can still adapt and recover.

It should be noted that the variety "Arcadia" includes several varieties, they differ in the color of berries. Grapes can be both white and black, in addition, Arcadia Rosa is very popular.

For an objective assessment of the considered variety worth staying at his positive features.

• The plant is distinguished by its resistance to mildew.
• Grapes should be attributed to the varieties of early fruiting, which allows you to get the first harvest from a planted bush a year after planting or the third year when planting a seedling.
• "Arcadia" is remarkable for its high yields, in addition, the clusters are distinguished by their attractive appearance and good transportability. Due to these advantages, the variety is often planted in large quantities for subsequent sale.
• True connoisseurs distinguish the unique organoleptic qualities of grapes.
• The ripening of grapes occurs evenly, which facilitates the collection, in addition, the berries are not subject to pea.
• The plant does not need to plant additional varieties for pollination, and also often acts as a pollinator for varieties such as "Kesha" or "Talisman."
• The hybrid tolerates difficult climatic conditions.

Like any other culture, the grapes "Arcadia" has some drawbacks:

• the hybrid has a low level of resistance to oidium, due to which it requires preventive treatment from infection;
• As with most other grape varieties, the increased soil moisture can cause berries to crack during the ripening phase;
• plants in the process of forming clusters need special care to avoid chopping the fruit;
• grapes need sunlight, so dark areas for planting varieties are not suitable;
• the plant must be protected from drafts.

Due to the unpretentiousness of the variety, even an inexperienced summer resident can grow an Arcadia in his plot. However, compliance with the basic requirements relating to planting and caring for the crop will help to avoid mistakes during the implementation of the idea of ​​decorating the vineyard with your own hands. As for the location, the grapes require access to sunlight and the absence of cold air streams, so the crop should be planted in such a way that it is protected by a wall of a structure or a fence.It will not be difficult to purchase a sapling of a hybrid, since many gardeners are engaged in breeding this variety. But the product must have the appropriate documentation, otherwise under the guise of "Arcadia" it is quite possible to buy a completely different culture.

The variety rather quickly propagated by cuttings, almost all the material subsequently takes root in the ground. The main requirement for the cutting is a healthy root system. It can be planted in the fall and spring. In the latter case, the probability that the plant will be accepted will be greater.

In the vegetation phase, cuttings can be formed from annual shoots, but it is very important that they contain two eyes and foliage. Such planting material can easily be rooted in the greenhouse.

The grapes of "Arcadia" can be bred in two ways:

• planting cuttings;
• inoculation.

Preparation of seedlings is carried out according to the following scheme:

• pruning cutting is done so that at least one centimeter remains after the lower bud, 2 centimeters from above;
• for 48 hours they are immersed in a growth stimulator;
• further, planting material is stored in sawdust for two weeks (this will help the growth of the kidneys);
• the final stage is hardening cuttings, for this they are located on the street in the shade for a week and a half, then the same - in the sun.

Planting seedlings in open ground or greenhouse is carried out in the spring. Since in this way the young plant will have time to take root well in the soil over the summer and adapt to the environment. In addition, planting a crop in the spring will save it from possible diseases.

Planting cuttings produced according to the scheme described below.

• First of all, it is necessary to prepare a pit for grapes. Its size should be 0.7x0.7x0.7 m. If you plan to plant several bushes, it is best to plant them about one meter away from each other so that the root system has the opportunity to develop properly and nothing prevents the shoots from growing.
• Fertilizers need to be added to the prepared pits. To do this, the soil of the pit is mixed with manure and poured on the bottom so that a layer of about 20 centimeters is formed. The rest of the land is filled up as usual, otherwise there is a risk of burning the fragile roots of grapes.
• Then the prepared cuttings are planted and sprinkled with soil to the level of the root neck. Immediately after that, at least two buckets of water should be poured under each bush and a support should be placed for the plant.
• To allow the soil to retain nutrient moisture, mulch the land around the bushes with sawdust or straw.

Grafting of grapes "Arcadia" involves first of all the preparatory work with the handle. He must have at least 2 peepholes. The seedling is cropped on both sides, 7 days before grafting, the material must be put into water with a growth stimulator.

The shrub, on which the cutting will be planted, is cut to the root, the grafting site is trimmed and cracked, after which the cutting is placed. This place is tied with a thick cloth. A support for the development of the plant is constructed near the shtamba, and a grid is installed in greenhouses for this purpose.

Since the variety is susceptible to oidium damage, the disease is controlled with solutions containing manganese or sulfur. Processing "Arcadia" is a mandatory event, since the plant is not immune to this disease. Based on the experience of gardeners, no less effective means against this fungus is also the shop composition "Ridomil Gold".

Preventive treatment of the plant may include the use of Bordeaux mixture, the composition is recommended twice a year. From the gray rot there is a drug "Dichlofluanid", which is used during the flowering period of grapes.

The insect pests that destroy the crop are wasps, ticks, phylloxera, fleas.To protect against them use boric acid or insecticides. To prevent wasps from ruining the crop, bunches of grapes are protected with a net, and other sweet baits are hung.

To grow good grapes of this variety, you need to take a responsible approach to the care of the plant. It includes three obligatory stages: watering, fertilizer and the formation of bushes.

• Young bushes need regular irrigation, because for their development an important point is to prevent the soil from drying out. For adult plants, it is best to form an irrigation system using tubes slightly recessed into the ground near the roots of the crop. Such technology will provide an opportunity to maintain soil moisture at the proper level.

• Ground feeding with beneficial microelements is mandatory and should be carried out in three approaches. The first introduction of fertilizers is carried out during the growing season of the bushes, the second - in the flowering phase, and the final feeding is performed at the time of the formation of the berries.
• In order for the root system to get the maximum of beneficial microelements, fertilizer should be introduced in the form of solutions. Organic matter is best absorbed by grapes, but it does not hinder the use of nitrogen-containing preparations and mineral complexes.

• Plant formation consists in pruning the inner shoots to ensure free access of sunlight and oxygen. Works can be carried out at any time, however it is not recommended to disturb the plants in winter. The first formation of the bushes is performed in the period when young plants will be at least 15 centimeters in height.
• In the spring you need to get rid of dry or damaged shoots. During the flowering period, extra clusters are removed so that there is only one remaining on each shoot. Before the frost, the vineyard must be covered.

To get a regular and good harvest of Arkadi grapes, as well as to have a real decoration on your plot, in the process of working with the vineyard should follow the rules presented below.

• Despite the fact that the variety can be planted in open ground in the fall, it is still better to postpone the planting for the spring period. The best time to disembark is April.
• The highest organoleptic qualities will be at own-rooted seedlings.
• Bordeaux liquid when growing "Arcadia" should always be at hand, because the composition will help protect the plant from many diseases.

• Another effective option for irrigating a plant will be watering along the formed grooves near the plants. Drip irrigation will save water consumption.
• It is important to choose the right time for pruning grapes. Before the flowering phase, the chasing of plants can lead to the formation of a large number of stepsons. A later formation of the bush is fraught with a reduction in the sugar content of the berries.
• The plant requires additional feed with fertilizers for development and growth, however, the variety is quite sensitive to nitrogen, so its introduction must be carried out with caution.

For more information about feeding grapes, you will learn from the following video.