Crushers for grapes: types, production and use

Many gardeners are engaged in the cultivation of grapes for the manufacture of homemade wine. In the operation of processing berries include: extracting the juice and the separation of the pulp. You can push and crush the berries manually (with minor volumes) or in the press. More zealous gardeners use specialized crushers for this purpose. You can buy them in the factory version or build your own hands. For self-production it is necessary, at first, to study the types of structures and the basis for the functioning of the mechanism.

All units are divided into mechanical (manual) and electric (electric). Mechanical and electrical pressure can have a completely different working principle. The only difference is the absence or presence of an electric drive. Any of the varieties of grape crush has a number of positive qualities and disadvantages. The choice of the device winemakers realize taking into account the volume of processing and the required productivity.

A device equipped with a comb separator is a mechanism that not only crushes the berries, but also frees them from the stalks (crests). This device has a simple device. A grape is laid in the tray, and an auxiliary roller is used to delimit the berries and stalks. After that, the grapes are crushed by means of two crushing rollers, placed on opposite edges. The pulp falls into a special department. The mechanisms with the separator of the stem are centrifugal impact and roll.

In terms of their design, units equipped with a ridge separator and not having one, have no significant differences, except for the absence of ridges and the functionality of separating the fruit from the hand. The processing of raw materials is implemented more slowly due to the fact that the grapes require advance preparation - the separation of grapes from scallops.

On sale are mechanical pressure of two ways of loading: horizontal and vertical. In most cases, this applies to centrifugal devices. This type of crusher functions by means of centrifugal (tangential) force, with the help of which the clusters with a force beat on the inside of the bunker. At the same time, the fruits are not only perfectly crushed into small pieces, but also are saturated with oxygen.

Mechanisms of this type are used to make red wines. Because it turns out satisfying the output of wine with an increased amount of tanning and coloring compounds. This adaptation simultaneously with the fragmentation of the fruit separates them from the stem. The design of the unit includes: a housing equipped with a lid with a power drive, a shaft with blades, a receiving hopper and a tray along which ridges are removed.

This design is equipped with two handles, which bring the shafts and the ridge separator into operation, squeezing out the juice. It is easy to modify the tooling, linking both mechanisms into a complete manual or electric control (installation of the electric drive).

Crushers of this type are designed to separate the grapes from the ridges with further crushing of raw materials. The structure of the roller press includes: a saw shaft, perforated (with holes placed in a certain order) cylinder and 4 rolls made of food-grade rubber, which function in pairs. The principle of operation of the crusher is as follows:

• berries enter the device, where under the influence of the bil shafts, the scallops are separated from the grapes and removed from the cylinder with perforation;
• then the grapes through the perforations fall on the shafts, through which crushing is done.

The crusher is equipped with auxiliary devices that correct the distance between the rolls in the range of 3? 8 millimeters. This allows for the need to apply gentle pressure on the berries, depending on their quality characteristics and variety

If the harvest is insignificant, then you can replace any pressure with manual adaptation. For this you need to buy a whisk for construction mixers. The use of the corolla, made on the basis of metal bars, will be productive and free to crush the grapes, but the stones along with it will not grind.

To crush grapes in a similar way, we pour a small amount of berries into a container and beat them with a whisk. After 2-3 minutes, the finished pulp will turn out. The use of this method of crushing is also good because after its crushing, you can safely remove the separated scallops. The finished pulp is poured into another container and left for fermentation.

Today, the stores have an extensive selection of devices for processing the resulting grape harvest, in particular, a mechanical type crusher for DV-3 grapes. However, if for some reason you do not like or do not like the existing range, you can take up the personal production of such a device. Grape dresser is a simple device from a technical point of view.

The steps to create the simplest design are as follows.

1. Make a drawing of the device or use the ready in the form of a basis.
2. Mount the receiving hopper for backfilling the raw material. By configuration, the bunker is similar to an inverted truncated pyramid. The best material for its creation is hard wood (for example, oak). It is also possible to use stainless steel and plastic.
3. The blade shaft is mounted on the lower part of the receiving bunker (from 4 to 6 blades). To create it, you need to take a tube (30-40 mm in diameter) and plates (15-20 centimeters long, 8-10 centimeters wide) of stainless steel. Weld the plate to the tube should be in a checkerboard pattern (alternating through once the sides of the mating elements).
4. Insert the blade shaft into the holes located in the lower segment of the receiving hopper.
5. We fix the grid in the lower part of the receiving bunker. Its diameter must correspond to the size of the grapes to be processed. You can immediately prepare a number of elements from steel mesh with different cell sizes and replace them with the type of grapes used.
6. The shaft is driven by a handle. To do this, it is necessary to bend a bar (at least 10-12 mm thick), telling it the shape of a broken line. One edge of the handle is attached to the shaft.
7. The basis of the device is the frame. It must be chipped out of wooden parts in dimensions that slightly overlap the dimensions of the lower section of the bunker. In height, it should be at least 15 centimeters.
8. 2 shafts are fixed to the frame with a distance of 2-3 mm between them. In order for the shafts to make turns towards each other, pulling the fruit inwards, 2 gear wheels will be required. They can be taken from any mechanical device or ordered in a workshop that performs lathe work. It is especially important that the details are of the same type. Gears are mounted on shafts from the outside of the frame.
9. On one of the shafts is to put the handle.

As a result, the simplest crushing device for processing grapes is ready for use. Buying a factory grape crusher or making an uncomplicated adjustment with your own hands is up to everyone at their discretion.

For information on the types and rules of using the crusher for grapes, see the following video.