Rules pruning plums

Plum - unpretentious plant, but it requires special care. Pruning trees is an extremely important step that requires a professional approach.There are certain techniques that you should know and follow them without fail.

If you do not pay attention to pruning pruning, then the growth of the crown will inevitably appear, which will inevitably affect the crop in the direction of its deterioration. Pruning and the formation of the crown of the tree begins in the first period after planting.

After some time, sanitary pruning is added to the preventive pruning, as well as the rejuvenation of plants that have already been harvested for years.

Achieving such goals is done in several ways.

First of all, shoots that create excessive crown density are removed. Shoots are cut, which depart under the sharp hum. It should also eliminate weak branches that have no prospects for development. It is recommended to pay attention to the main “crown-forming” branches, which by their potential will be “long-livers”. It is not difficult to find them, they are the thickest.

Being engaged in pruning, one should take care of how the branches will develop in two years, in five. The time perspective factor must necessarily be present in this matter.

When a young tree enters a fruiting period, pruning should be stopped for a couple of years. The plant during this time is gaining new strength, gaining growth, which will become a reliable basis for new harvests. Pruning at this stage supports, helps plants grow, maintaining a stable amount of the crop.

The young tree has stable gains that can increase every year. Over time, the growth of the crown is reduced by about half, to about 12-16 cm. The question of rejuvenating the tree rises sharply, pruning in this case is very necessary to stimulate further the yield and growth of the tree.

It is imperative to do this, because otherwise:

• crown thickens with time;
• the formation of the ovary moves to the periphery;
• fruits shrink, not getting enough nutrients;
• the tree suffers from pest attacks;
• anti-aging pruning involves pruning the crown, as well as the elimination of weak and dry branches.

Works are done consistently, spring pruning is done, as well as in the fall:

• first of all the oldest and weakest branches are removed;
• branches that grow under the canopy of a crown are removed;
• the next year, the young shoots pruned a little.

Fresh cuts (the thickness of which is from 1.5 cm) are processed by the brew, the plant is fed and watered. Some varieties of plums can be up to ten meters high; you should take this into account and plan for height.

In the spring behind the seedling is recommended to do care from the first week. Planting a plum is best when she is no more than three years old. Annual seedlings are pruned to 65 cm above the ground. The kidney, which is located next to the cut, certainly must be eliminated. Plum after pruning quickly recovered and will throw away shoots. In the first year, a small number of sprouts appear. From the very beginning, the direction of growth should be controlled.

With the onset of the second spring, the seedling is shortened by 45 cm, and the bud is cut. Side branches are also cut off. The whole process takes place towards the outer kidney. You should pay close attention to the shoots that are located below, they are not needed and will never be fruitful. When the third spring comes, the maximum number of branches that grow laterally is left.

The rest of the trimming is that the crown does not become thick. Therefore, this operation is done with equal periods of time. As such, there are no strict rules and restrictions; it is possible to perform such procedures "by a little bit" during the whole warm period. The first is recommended to remove weak and dry branches, they are a burden for any plant. The whole complex of measures to "rejuvenate" the plant is carried out three weeks before the appearance of buds.

There should not be a fork, this should be closely monitored. Shtamb should be no more than half a meter. The ideal option is the existence of no more than ten branches around the trunk.

In warm latitudes pruning pruning may be delayed in the autumn before the onset of cold weather. There are advantages, the plants have a temporary gap in order to adapt properly. The best option is to carry out procedures for the elimination of "unreliable" branches in the fall, which contributes to the good development of the tree in spring.

The level of pruning depends on the type of tree. In varieties that are medium-branching, you just need to trim the crown and branches. You should also remove excess shoots that inevitably appear in large quantities. If you forget about the obligatory pruning, then this type of tree will bear fruit only on the outskirts of the crown.

Plum is differentiated by the degree of height. There are weak varieties, and there are - strong.

There are three subgroups in total. Strong varieties include plants whose crowns resemble balls and ovals:

• "Hungarian Italian";
• Jefferson;
• Hungarian Wangenheim;
• "Peach";
• "Ontario";
• "Renklod green."

Second medium variety:

1. Anna Shpet;
2. "Hungarian Azhanskaya";
3. "Washington".

There are also plums with inverted cones:

• "Panicle";
• "Early Blue";
• "Raisin Eric."

Plums that have sweeping crowns:

• "Raisin from Kuban";
• Renklod Bave.

Weak plums are considered Mirabelle varieties.

All these varieties have their own pinning technology. If you compare with seed plants, plum in the first two years already gives a noticeable crown growth, so the pinning is quite appropriate even in the early stages of growth.

Fruits appear on different branches, which can be shortened, long. If the branches fall into the first category, then the pruned crown should be formed during pruning. Such varieties can grow to very large sizes very quickly, and this is undesirable. As an example, we can mention the "Zyuzinsky plum".

Trees can grow with the help of shoots, as well as graft. This fact also affects the nature of the circumcision. A coppice instance is handled differently if they are not the same age. If the branches are peers, they are cut the same way.

It should be properly cut plants. All sections are formed at a distance of about forty-five centimeters from the kidney. It is not recommended to make too oblique cuts, it provokes the cracking of wood.

If the autumn is warm and long, then you can do the pinning before the cold, the cuts may still heal. In the spring, sometimes there is a need to cut off the top of the tree if it has grown too much (more than 3 meters).In the middle of autumn, be sure to prune the central trunk of the seedling, which was planted in the middle of spring, it is usually pruned to thirty percent. Side branches are cut by 60%. In areas of risky farming, where frosts may already be in September, in the autumn time, trees cannot be pruned.

In the south in the Krasnodar Territory in February there is already a steady positive temperature, so the branches begin to cut before the Maslenitsa. The pattern of crown formation remains traditional, and no extravagance should be allowed here.

It is necessary to cut the branches affected by parasites, or dried, they must be cut off and burned. Otherwise, the infection in the summer will "walk" around the site, causing various plants to suffer. It is necessary to form the crown of a young plum in the first years immediately after transplantation.

At the early stage of plant development, the early crown is made; it is also called the first type of crown. The second type is formed within seven years, creating a crown of several main branches (6-8 pieces). Longlines are formed uniformly, so that the probability of light falling on the foliage is always present.

Seedlings are sometimes pruned after two years of age. Conductor central shorten centimeters by eighteen. At the same time, the height of the trunk is 65 cm. For the northern regions a low boom is made up to 35 cm; leave no more than four branches that create a "frame". It is recommended to pay attention to the branches, which are about 50 degrees with the trunk.

Such branches are also shortened; in summer, pruning also takes place so that the branches are approximately the same.

Side shoots should not be too far out, if the seedling is small, it is leveled at a height of only one meter, which allows you to stimulate development. The barrel itself is equal once a year. After three years of growth is equal to the second row of branches. On the other branches, 3-4 buds are left, in this case the crown will not grow too thick.

The main trimming, which sets the main algorithm for the growth of branches, is cut according to the following scheme:

• the tree is first thinned out, that is, they remove those branches that grow too tightly to each other;
• then the top is removed;
• the whole trunk is cleaned from small sprouts;
• tops are cut off;
• interlocking branches are removed;
• removed branches that grow down.

All shoots are thinned, removed 2/3 of the annual growth. Plum quite steadily and without much hassle transfers all circumcision. If everything is done correctly, then the cut should be 40-45 degrees; distance between the kidneys to ten centimeters.

Colonlike plums do not particularly need pruning. There are some circumstances when a pruner should be used, for example, in case of penetration of damage on the top.

Plum has its own original features, so this plant requires special care.

Wood tends to dry quickly. Often a tree can "pick up" disease, which is called white rot. Often this happens after too cold winters, when the bark of the tree is damaged. The plum is hardy, but slices should be processed without fail, such a preventive measure is never superfluous.

In case of damage to the bark of the plum, it is possible to observe the growth therapy. Such a phenomenon can be caused by mechanical damage or "work" of rodents. This disease can also be provoked by bad soils, as well as an excessive amount of fertilizer.

When pruning and forming the crown, all such factors should be considered.

Old trees are pruned using sharp garden tools:

• knife;
• pruner;
• saw.

Deleting branches should be done with special care to avoid unnecessary damage.

Cooked pills are applied immediately after the pruning procedure.

Plum prefers black soil or loam.During the laying of fertilizers it is recommended to know the measure, too much fertilizer and moisture leads to the opposite result. Often, several varieties of plums are planted, thereby contributing to more efficient pollination, and therefore, stimulates the emergence of a good harvest. Between seedlings should be at least three meters of space.

Around the trunk is recommended to regularly loosen the soil, removing unnecessary grass. All this will bear fruit when the tree begins to bloom. It is best to carry out these works in cloudy weather, when there is no wind.

There is one more “trifle” to remember. Adult plum fruits abundantly. Often there are many fruits on the branches that overripe and become tasteless. In time, it is best to prepare to “meet” the harvest.

As a conclusion, we can say that the correct pruning of young plants lays the foundation for the formation of the future tree. If in this plan everything will be implemented “according to science”, then in the future only preventive care will be needed, which will form the crown configuration and the elimination of unnecessary branches. The yields will be high for many, many years.

The crown of the plum is formed every year throughout the life of the tree, only in this case the tree brings a good harvest throughout life. In the spring, all branches that are unnecessary and damaged by the winter cold are cut to the ring. On such shoots will fruit.

If the tree is an adult, then in the summer months preventive pruning is done. Removed branches on which there can be no fruit. Young shoots can not handle brew.

In the southern regions it is possible to make a small preventive pruning, even in the winter months. It is not recommended to cut a lot of dry branches at the same time, the tree may not suffer such stress.

About what are the rules for pruning pruning, see the next video.