Etude Plum: Characteristics of the Variety and Cultivation Tips

Among a large number of varieties of plums stands out unpretentious variety "Etude". It was created by crossing the “Volga Beauty” and “Eurasia – 21”. Plum perfectly withstood all tests for compliance with state standards. In 1985This variety was included in the State Register of Russia.

Plum "Etude" was highly appreciated by gardeners. Juicy berries are pleasant to the taste, and fresh fruits can be stored for a long time, without losing their characteristics. This article will tell about the peculiarities of this variety and the nuances of its cultivation.

This variety of plums is popular in the European and southern regions of the country. It grows particularly well on black soil. It is also grown in Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus and Moldova. Plum relished both professional breeders and amateur summer residents. This type of plum trees grows well in any conditions, reveals its taste and gives excellent yields.

According to gardeners, the taste of the fruit "Etude" is sweet with a pleasant sourness. On a scale of tasters of five possible points, he received 4.3. Stone has an elongated shape. Gardeners say that in ripe fruit it is very well separated from the pulp. This characteristic of the variety is actively used to create seedless jams.

It is necessary to say that such a sink contains from 1.9 to 1.96 percent of titrated substances. Dry matter takes from 15 to 15.4 percent. Sugar ranges from 7 to 7.1 percent (during the warm summer it can reach 11.9%). P-active catechins in fruits range from 142 to 145 percent, and vitamin C ranges from 14 to 15 mg per 100 g of yield.

Plum "Etude" grows to almost 2 meters. Gray-brown bark covered with a light gray bloom. Lentils on the branches of plum a bit, shoots are brown in color. They are usually even, differing in considerable width. Slightly shriveled, large purple leaves "Etude" have an elongated shape. The leaf is slightly curved, with knolls at the edges. The upward-pointing leaf tip has a transition to the spout, and at the beginning of the leaf has an ovoid shape.

The stem is average length and width. The glands have a large size and round shape. They usually are one on each sheet, at least two. Flowers "Etude" very large. They do not touch each other without interfering with the normal development of the fruit. Pistils are just above the anthers.

The large fruits of the "Etude" plum are egg-shaped and purple-burgundy. On top of the skin of the fetus, a thick wax bloom is visible, felt on tactile contact with the berry. The skin of the plums is rather thick. Emerald juicy pulp is very fleshy. As already mentioned, the taste of the fruit is different sweetness, barely perceptible sour gives it a special piquancy. If the summer is warm, the fruits are saturated with glucose and become even sweeter.

Blossoming tree in late spring. The tree itself is barren. The most reliable of his agricultural machinery pollinator called plum variety "Zarechnaya early." It is around him that the "Etude" begins to actively bear fruit every year. Productivity plum "Etude" is considered very high. From one tree you can collect up to 20 kilograms of juicy and rather tasty fruits.

The grade is not capricious and does not demand special leaving. Wood tolerates low or high temperatures. It also has resistance to fungal attacks and insect pests.

Saplings are transplanted in the autumn when the growing season comes to an end. The most suitable soils for planting the “Etude” plum variety are considered to be perfectly permeable to oxygen and wet loams. The earth must have a neutral acid-base balance. Typically, this type of plum feels good after disembarkation and easily takes root on the land plot.

Before you proceed directly to planting trees, prepare the site and the soil. They clean the land from debris, roots, dry grass and faded foliage. The distance from the other seedlings to the plum should be at least three meters.

A hole of 700x500x600 mm is prepared at the intended point. Then nitrophoska and humus are introduced into the top layer of soil. All carefully mixed. A kind of slide is formed from the finished mixture. It is necessary to observe proportionality - its volume should not be more than two thirds of the total depth of the pit. If the roots of the tree are not closed, they make a clay “bump” and immerse in it the whole system of seed roots for 60-80 minutes.

Work order:

• exactly in the middle, a small wooden post is driven in from the mixture;
• the tree is planted near the post;
• the root system of the tree is carefully instilled into the prepared mixture;
• sapling gently shake, so that the soil is evenly distributed between the roots;
• the soil near the planted tree is slightly trampled, the entire volume of the fossa is filled with earth;
• the tree is carefully watered and once again ram the soil around it.

With further care, each new season digging up the ground around the landing. Garbage and last year’s leaves near the tree are removed. Root shoots, grass and weeds are cut out. When digging the ground near a low tree, a shovel is introduced only five to ten centimeters. Also done and mulching. For this purpose, humus, fallen needles, bog peat, mowed dry field grass or hay, dried sawdust, compost are used.

The tree requires regular watering. One or two times in seven days is usually enough. If it is very hot outside, the number of waterings is increased up to 3 times. For each watering plum must "drink" at least ten liters of water. In order to regulate the frequency of irrigation of plum trees, weather conditions should be taken into account. In the rainy season too often watering the land around the plums is not worth it.

Spring and autumn pruned crown. Those branches that are already incorrectly located and thickened crown, are eliminated. If there are damaged, broken or dried branches, they are pruned with them. The pruning sites are disinfected with a garden pump.

If the plum is not exposed to fungal infections and the attack of insect pests, it is not treated additionally with any chemicals. In the first year the tree does not require fertilizer. For the 2nd year it is necessary to feed with humus under the condition of insufficient growth and slow development.

A plum tree is fruitful, therefore, in order to maintain strength after ripening, it must receive appropriate fertilizing. If the tree does not eat enough nitrogen and potassium, it can adversely affect the general condition of the fruit seedling. In this case, a brown strip forms along the edge of the sheets, and hidden mosaic appears.

Usually, trees are regularly fed to the third year after planting. In the spring, the following dressing is carried out: one hundred grams of wood ash is added to eight kilograms of humus. The mixture is stirred and added to the circle of each tree.

During the growing season, the home culture is maintained by adding mineral fertilizers that are applied twice. One time it is done in the spring, before the appearance of color, the second - after the fruit ovary.

After the harvest is removed, the tree will need phosphorus-potash feed. It is convenient to add these fertilizers during the autumn digging. They make the top layer of soil. The proportion is 120 g per 1 square meter. Also, once every three years, you need to make lime (50 g per square meter of land).

Plum "Etude" has a good resistance to diseases and insect pests. Diseases such as perforated spotting, bushiness, curly it does not affect. The incidence of hawthorn, fruit mites, aphids and gold-tails is also not observed. Such plum trees do not require periodic preventive treatments with chemicals. Winter hardiness and frost resistance of fruit trees of this variety are also high.

Given all the above, we can conclude that the grade "Etude" is unpretentious, resistant to adverse conditions, has excellent characteristics. It is suitable both for professional cultivation by breeders, and for decorating plots of ordinary gardeners. In any case, the trees delight rich tasty harvest.

How to plant and fertilize the plum, see the next video.