Subtleties transplanting tomatoes

The pick of the grown shoots of tomato is an obligatory stage of cultivation of this vegetable crop.This process is transplanting seedlings from the primary container to a larger tank. However, with the seeming simplicity, any summer resident does not hurt to get acquainted with its main features and rules.

A pick of tomatoes is necessary to strengthen the root system, providing it with plenty of air and soil nutrients. This process has a beneficial effect on yield, allowing you to achieve the power of shoots, as well as strong and healthy bushes. More spacious growth conditions allow the seedlings to gain strength and strengthen. This is an important stage in the growth of tomato seedlings, which is the "foundation" in the development of culture in the future.

Diving tomatoes can reduce the stress of seedlings when it is transplanted to a permanent place. This is a useful procedure by which the plant is prepared for the main transplanting in open ground, greenhouse or greenhouse. Seating seedlings in separate containers will eliminate its interweaving with each other. When the plants are planted too close, they oppress each other. In this case, the forces of each seedling are spent not on the formation of buds and fruiting, but on stretching.

The benefits of a transplant are obvious. She is:

• allows you to select the strongest seedlings;
• greatly facilitates further planting of seedlings to a permanent place;
• gives room for the development of roots, stimulates their growth;
• protects seedlings from excess moisture;
• prevents various diseases inherent in nightshade;
• hardens seedlings, preparing it for planting in open ground or greenhouse.

In addition, diving stimulates the formation of lateral roots. As a rule, such plants grow better than pickled seedlings. They are better in development, characterized by better vegetation and abundant flowering. Transplanting tomatoes allows you to postpone the flowering of the crop. This fact is especially relevant for areas where there are still frosts at the very beginning of May. If not to carry out this procedure, fruiting of vegetable culture can worsen.

Due to the fact that the climate in different regions of our country is different, the picking period of tomatoes may differ, covering the period from the beginning of March to the end of May. Sometimes gardeners carry out the process, guided by the lunar calendar, taking into account the most favorable day. It is not recommended to do this:

• in the new moon;
• full moon;
• the period of the waning moon, because it is believed that this culture will not grow well.

Based on the phases of the moon, determined favorable days for growing crops. It is considered that the formation of the above-ground part of the seedlings and its roots depends on them. Therefore, the number of months from year to year may vary. For example, this year the primary picking of the culture was carried out on April 19-24, April 27, 28, the favorable days of April were the numbers 5-7, 9, 10, 11, 20, 23.

According to generally accepted rules, it is better to perform a transplant in separate pots in April, since this particular month is the most suitable for this. Planting seedlings from smaller containers at large at this time will allow to observe all the time required for the maturation of the culture. Usually, the term of biological maturity depends on the region, weather factors, place of cultivation, as well as the variety of tomato. As a rule, the pick is performed twice:

• first for temporary growth;
• then to a greenhouse or greenhouse.

No need to delay the change and wait until the third leaf appears, since the formation of leaves in tomatoes is directly related to the growth of the root system. Usually, plants can be transplanted for the first time 15-20 days after germination. In this case, the roots deepen by 2-3 cm into the soil for a better formation of the root system.

Planting on a permanent place (in greenhouse conditions or open ground) is possible in the range from 45 to 60 days from the moment of planting.The difference depends on the particular variety of tomatoes, since the time of planting is different. On average, the secondary transplanting of seedlings is possible when the growth of the culture is at least 30 cm. At the same time, the plant has at least 6 leaves, as well as a floral lash.

Today, the culture at home is transplanted in different ways. For example, this can be done by transplanting and handling. Ways differ among themselves. For example, in one case they usually replace the substrate when transplanting grown seedlings into separate pots. Picked seedlings can be transplanted into the same containers, adding ground if the containers are large.

When the glasses are small, it is worth replacing them with large containers so that the roots are not only easier to adapt, but also to develop. Therefore, the first pick cannot be postponed, waiting for the seedlings to outgrow. Another type of dive is an earthy coma preservation method.

In the classical method of transplanting seedlings into separate containers, the existing root is cut by about 1/3 so that the root system empties the side roots. Due to the fact that they will be shorter, the plant will be able to take the maximum amount of nutrients from the upper layer of the substrate. Thus, the root system will develop not core, but fibrous. This method of transplantation is particularly relevant for the regions of the temperate zone of Russia, in which tomato seedlings are often planted in insufficiently heated land. With such a transplant, it is worth using a 10 cm2 container.

This method of transplanting tomato seedlings is used when you need to slow down their growth. In addition, the method is suitable if the roots of the culture are long. When transplanting them bent. In the future, the root system gives the side roots in the surface layer of the soil. Usually with this method, many new roots are formed, which are intertwined with each other, so it is necessary to carefully transplant such seedlings to a permanent place.

This method is quite simple. It implies planting seedlings from cramped containers into more spacious ones (without cutting the roots and bending them). They are left straight. This transplant is necessary for plants that lack light due to thickening. It can be used repeatedly in order to increase the yield of vegetable crops. It is laborious, takes some time, slows the growth of bushes. In addition, such a transplant is useful for tomato.

According to the picking rules, 8-10 hours before the procedure, it is necessary to thoroughly water the culture. During this period of time, moisture will have time to soak the soil and get out of it. It is undesirable to wet the ground before picking, as wet soil will be sticky. This can cause the roots to break when transplanting seedlings.

Do not allow the ground to be dry, since dry roots can break off when removed from old containers. It can ruin the seedlings. For primary transplantation (picking) of seedlings, it is recommended to use containers of about 8x8 cm. Tomatoes will grow in them for about 20 days (on average).

Experts recommend using the purchased substrate for transplantation, although you can also take the land from your own plot, complementing it with humus and peat. If the land is "his own", the bushes will not need to adapt to new soil conditions when the seedlings are planted in a permanent place. Tomatoes are favorable for transplanting, but there should be enough land / container.

Seedlings can be transplanted into prepared holes. At the same time, a seedling is held up in weight, the ground is filled, comparing it with the position of the cotyledons. Strongly deepen the roots should not be, because so the culture will develop much slower than necessary. Before removing the seedling from the ground, you need to loosen it. Immediately after transplanting it is watered. You can not plant them in the heat, and even in the open sun, because of this seedlings can die. In addition, the sun will enhance the adaptation period of the plant transplant field.

Sometimes, after a transplant, unforeseen difficulties arise, which are reflected in the further growth and development of culture. For example, sometimes tomatoes wither, turn blue or do not grow at all. If they began to disappear, it may be due to several reasons. If the seedlings stop growing, and their leaves turn yellow, this may indicate:

• injury to the root system when picking;
• nutrient deficiency in the soil;
• non-compliance with the temperature mode of cultivation;
• high humidity in the room and improper watering;
• the presence of pests or any disease inherent in the family of the nightshade.

If the seedlings pales and the leaves fall, then this is due to insufficient lighting or excessive dampness of the soil. The soil should not be constantly wet or wet. It is necessary to ventilate the room, as well as greenhouses, if after the second transplant the plants are planted there. In this case, it is important not to wait for the seedlings to die. They can also lose leaves because the bushes are hot. They need urgently transplanted into other pots. It is important to pay attention to the roots: if they are black or rotten, these plants will not be saved.

If only the tips of the leaves of the seedlings dry up, this may indicate excessive air dryness. You can take care of the pallets, pouring water into them, allowing the plants to independently fill its deficiency as needed.

If at the same time the soil has white or yellowish spots, the soil is salty. In this case, the roots draw moisture not from the soil, but from the plant itself (including the leaves). Sometimes the tips of the leaves dry out due to the lack of potassium in the soil. The appearance of spots on the leaves can be associated with sunburn of plants.

In other cases, it is a messenger of fungal seedlings. Leaf curling indicates a lack of moisture or infection. When the foliage turns blue, the plants lack phosphorus. In addition, the reason may be the low temperature of the air, as well as the soil itself. However, if it is +20 degrees and higher, the reason lies in the lack of phosphorus.

Caring for seedlings after transplants consists in timely watering, loosening the soil. Tomato is a crop that more easily tolerates a small drought than stagnant moisture in containers. Before transplanting, make sure that the container has drainage holes. It is necessary to water it in time, filling the need for moisture.

Initially, you need to stabilize the amount of moisture. When the roots grow, reaching the walls of the container, the frequency of watering is usually reduced. At this time, it is not recommended to feed the plants, because until the roots are adapted, fertilizers can cause irreparable damage to them. Without fertilizers, recovery of decapitated plants will be faster.

It is important not to forget about the limitation of heat. And the sun and heat in the first days after transplantation will contribute to the evaporation of moisture, and this can lead to wilt seedlings. When the primary dive can immediately remove the seedlings from direct sunlight.

After transplantation you need to follow the seedlings for some time.At the first signs of their disease, the cause should be identified, since the delay in its course can lead to the death of the seedlings. In order to prevent various diseases, it is worthwhile to take care of burning the soil, sifting it, and also saturating it with the proper amount of microelements. It should not be allowed to be sour or too salty.

On the subtleties of transplanting tomatoes, see the following video.