What should be the temperature in the greenhouse for tomatoes?

The temperature regime in the greenhouse is one of the fundamental factors that affect most processes, such as the proper development of vegetables, the ability to absorb moisture and nutrients from the soil, the quality and abundance of the crop, the occurrence of any disease in the plant, and harvest time. In this connection, the question arises of what temperature conditions are needed inside the greenhouse (or greenhouse), how to maintain it, and whether there are ways to regulate it.

Especially these issues are relevant when growing such a capricious vegetable crop as a tomato (or tomato). Tomatoes are grown, usually in a greenhouse or greenhouse. However, many gardeners achieve good results by growing tomatoes on the balcony or loggia.

To determine the estimated time for planting tomato bushes in the soil, it is advisable to take the average number of days that are necessary for the successful development of the plant (approximately twenty-five centimeters). Different varieties give different indicators - from fifty to eighty days. Consequently, approximately sixty days after the first sprout was seen, the tomato seedlings are ready for planting in closed ground. But do not forget about such factors as the particular climate in a particular region, the type of greenhouse or greenhouse, the presence or absence of additional heating. And also many gardeners resort to using the lunar landing calendar.

In most cases, working gardeners plant seedlings in the ground during the long May holidays, during which the planning of planting of vegetable crops takes place. Factors favorable for gardeners, such as the onset of early sunny spring, living in the southern region of the country, and the availability of free time usually contribute to transplanting tomato bushes in a greenhouse in April.

Due to the fact that a tomato is a plant that loves heat, you need to take into account not only the temperature conditions of the soil, but also the atmospheric temperature of the air. Therefore, with the possibility of additional heating of the greenhouse, the time of planting tomato seedlings in the ground can be significantly shifted to an earlier date. However, this requires increased attention from the gardener, since it will be necessary to regularly maintain the average daily air temperature at least fifteen degrees above zero, preventing overheating of the soil. Otherwise, seedlings may die.

In order to calculate the average daily rate, it is necessary to add the indicators from the thermometer day and night. In other words, if the sun has warmed up the greenhouse during the day so that at night the temperature does not fall below eight degrees above zero, then the seedlings can be planted in the soil. The soil, whose temperature is fifteen degrees above zero, is quite suitable for planting seedlings at a shallow depth. At temperatures below ten degrees, the roots of the seedlings will not be able to adapt, they will get sick and soon die. Warm soil contributes to the better survival of tomato seedlings.

Successful cultivation of tomatoes depends on many factors, and maintaining a certain temperature is one of them. Thanks to him, the tomato develops correctly and bears fruit well. The intensity of the absorption by the plant of useful substances from its environment (soil, air) is due to the level of the temperature regime maintained in greenhouses. It’s no secret that tomato is a rather capricious vegetable crop. The success of its cultivation requires a certain combination of heat and moisture. It is worth noting that the choice of temperature depends on the stages of development of the tomato bush.

Consider the temperature requirements at the main stages of the development of tomatoes.

• Tomato seeds sprout. The required temperature is within twenty to twenty five degrees of heat.
• The formation of a strong root system occurs at temperatures up to twelve - fifteen degrees above zero during the day, and six - ten degrees at night. At this stage, care must be taken to prevent the pulling of tomato shoots.
• The prosperous development of a tomato bush is ensured by a temperature regime of twenty to twenty-six degrees above zero during the day, and sixteen to eighteen degrees above zero at night.

It is important to remember that the temperature regime increased to twenty-five to twenty-eight degrees above zero can lead to an overly dynamic development of the tomato bush, in other words, the acceleration of the formation of the flower and the ovary. The temperature above thirty degrees will lead to the fact that flowering will stop, and the ovary will fall. A temperature regime above plus forty degrees will cause the death of the entire tomato bush.

Not the last role is played by the temperature of the soil. It is she who is largely responsible for the growth and proper development of tomatoes. Let us consider in more detail how the temperature regime of the soil affects the plant:

• chilled soil with temperatures up to plus ten degrees interferes with the process of plant assimilation of useful substances and the required amount of moisture;
• soil temperature up to five degrees above zero provokes wilting of the tomato bush and its subsequent death;
• overheated soil, whose temperature is above twenty-eight degrees of heat, makes it difficult for the root system to absorb moisture from the ground, which also leads to the death of the tomato bush.

In a polycarbonate greenhouse, the optimum temperature for plants is maintained. If this is not done, they freeze and die. The minimum temperature is not lower than +15 degrees - it can be nightly options. Negative temperature of the plant will not survive.

Due to the fact that the tomato is a rather thermophilic plant, the temperature regime in greenhouses, reduced to seventeen degrees of heat, will contribute to a decrease in yield, while this temperature is uncritical. The adverse effect is exerted by an excessively high temperature, reaching up to plus thirty degrees. Consequently, for the gardener it is necessary not only to achieve a certain temperature regime in the greenhouse, which will best meet all the conditions for the successful cultivation of tomatoes, but also to maintain it regularly. Consider the following methods to effectively maintain the required temperature for tomato bushes.

• In the autumn and spring periods, when the weather is changeable, It is recommended to equip the greenhouse with a portable heat source. This will save tomato bushes from sudden cold snaps.
• Greenhouse possessing airing system, will avoid overheating of the internal space. The absence of air vents prevents the ventilation of the greenhouse. In this case, it is recommended to open the greenhouse door. And in order to avoid drafts and reduce the internal temperature, curtain the doorway with a specialized net and agrofiber, an indispensable material for any gardener.

• Another effective method of controlling the temperature regime in the greenhouse is air moistening. Thanks to him, you can raise or lower the temperature. To do this, it is recommended to have reserves of heated water, especially in the cold season. Do not forget that the water used for watering tomato bushes should be heated to plus twenty degrees.
• Construction of additional film cover will allow the gardener to protect plants from short-term cold snap, while maintaining the harvest. Additional shelter can be placed both inside the greenhouse and outside, depending on your preferences. For the construction of internal shelter will need to install a frame structure, which will later be stretched film. After the weather has improved, this shelter is recommended to be immediately removed in order to prevent overheating of the greenhouse.
• Coating the base of tomato bushes with mulch maintains a stable temperature regime of the earth and protects it from freezing. As mulch, mowed grass, hay and sawdust are used.

• Low and compact greenhouses (greenhouses) it is customary to cover with a white thick clothcalled matting.
• Watering tomato bushes in the evening before the expected cooling will cause heat conservation. The formation of increased condensation in the greenhouse will reduce the thermal efficiency. However, the next day, airing the interior space is necessary.
• In order to reduce the temperatureIt is recommended to cover the inner surface of the greenhouse walls with chalk mixture. To obtain it you need to mix ten liters of water with 500 g of chalk crumb.

The process of maintenance and control inside the greenhouse of a certain temperature regime can provide a temperature sensor. It will greatly facilitate the process of growing tomato bushes, will contribute to the formation of ovaries, good flowering and a bountiful harvest.

Below are some helpful tips. which will help gardeners facilitate the process of growing tomatoes and achieve a bountiful harvest.

• When planting seedlings in the greenhouse do not forget that the tomato bush branches perfectly. In this connection, densely planted seedlings will grow slowly due to the lack of free space.
• Before planting seedlings it is recommended to warm the soil thoroughly. To do this, fourteen days before planting, cover the intended location with black or red plastic. This will help to warm the soil and contribute to the growth of tomato bushes. Many are convinced that transparent plastic is more effective, as it allows sun rays to pass, thereby warming the soil better.
• It is recommended to plant a tomato sprout much deeper than it was planted before, up to the topmost leaf. This is done to help the root system form around the entire stalk. Due to the volumetric root system, the tomato bush becomes stronger.
• Tomatoes need to be watered a lot and systematically. The lack of regular watering provokes flowering and the formation of mold. Tomatoes need at least a three-centimeter water level. And in dry periods much more.

For information on what the temperature drop is considered critical for tomatoes, see the following video.