Why do leaves of cucumbers wither in a greenhouse and what to do about it?

Many gardeners often face the phenomenon of wilted and yellowed leaves of a cucumber. This may be due to a number of reasons.We will tell about them in the given material, and also we will give recommendations on the correct care of vegetable culture.

To begin, consider the main reasons why the leaves of the cucumber are withered, and the plant itself just disappears even in very nutritious soil.

Fusarium - a fungal disease. Spores live in the ground and penetrate the plant through wounds in the stems and leaves. Also, pathogens can be in the water that is used for irrigation. Most often this happens when summer residents take water from natural reservoirs - rivers and lakes.

The disease affects the vessels through which nutrients and moisture move inside the plant. The waste products of the fungus are very toxic, they clog the vessels of the plant. In the initial stages of the disease is almost not manifested, and the diagnosis is very difficult.

Fusarium wilt is characterized by the following features:

• seeds do not germinate well, and those that have ascended, quickly rot;
• basal rot appears;
• the stem at the base darkens, becomes thin, then softens, cracks, dries and dies;
• lower leaves wither, yellowish spots appear;
• ovaries turn yellow and begin to die off;
• a white or pale pink bloom appears on the lash;
• on the leaf cut, you can see the darkened capillaries.

Most often, the fungus starts in the greenhouse. The conditions there are most favorable - always warm, high humidity, the soil rarely changes. Also, low temperature and too abundant watering contribute to Fusarium. Diseases are most often exposed to immunocompromised plants.

What to do with it? To combat fusarium to begin with, you can try folk methods.

• Most often, infected plants are sprayed with serum. 4 tablespoons must be diluted in 10 liters of water. Also in the solution you can add 1.5 tablespoons of vitriol. This cocktail contains a whole bunch of nutrients - iron, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium. But be careful: spraying the plants with too concentrated solution can cause leaf burns.
• Since the main source of contamination is soil, it is recommended to heat the soil before planting cucumbers. In small areas, for example, in a greenhouse, the ground should be washed with boiling water. You can also try to replace with a fresh top layer of soil - you need to remove up to 25 centimeters. Soil disinfection can also be performed using green manure plants, such as lupine and mustard.

If this does not help, then agronomists are advised to resort to "heavy artillery." These are the preparations "Trichodermin", "BaktoVit", "Planriz", "Fitosporin-M," Topsin-M "," Previkur Energy "," Trihofit ". They are brought into the soil a few days before planting the seedlings. When the cucumbers are planted, the soil is treated with suspension. This allows you to normalize the microflora of the soil and increase the resistance of plants to the fungus.

You can handle and seeds before sowing. To do this, use the drug "Humisol". To prevent the spread of fungus, dead plants are advised to burn.

Bacteria die only at very high temperatures. Bushes that grow next to the infected, you need to urgently process.

However, it is easier to prevent than to treat, so special attention should be paid to seed material. It must be disease resistant varieties. These are mainly hybrids, on a pack they are labeled with an F1. The most popular varieties: "Ryabinushka", "Dunyasha", "Ideal", "Zhukovsky", "Vityaz", "Caprice", "Sir", "Hare".

However, much more often cucumbers suffer not from fungal diseases, but from improper care.

Cucumbers are quite unpretentious in the care of plants, and if you follow a few rules, they will thank for a good harvest. Many gardeners make mistakes simply because of their inexperience. Let's look at the most common causes of the withering of cucumbers.

• Lack of moisture. It is not only about rare watering, narrow and high beds can become the reason for the lack of moisture. Water on them almost does not linger, immediately rolls into the furrow and becomes inaccessible to plants. Like and watered, and confused - zero.
• Violation of the light regime in the greenhouse. When exposed to direct sunlight, cucumbers can get burned out.
• Violation of the temperature regime of air and soil. Cucumbers are very sensitive to the weather. Temperature extremes are especially dangerous. When the day in the greenhouse is very hot, and at night the temperature drops to + 10 ° C, the plants may die. Too high temperature is also dangerous for cucumbers. If the temperature is above +38 degrees, and the soil has warmed up to +25 degrees, the plant may not withstand.

• Lack of minerals in the soil.
• Lack of insect pollinators. They may be few due to the weather (too hot summer or, conversely, overcast).
• Neighborhood with other cultures in the greenhouse. Agronomists advise not to plant tomatoes and cucumbers in small greenhouses at the same time. These plants have different preferences for the amount of moisture, light and temperature. There is a risk to destroy both those and others.
• Pests. Aphids leave the larvae on the inside of the leaf. You can also see subtle traces of spider mites.
• Too close landing.
• Fungal and viral diseases. Most often, infections accumulate in film greenhouses. The soil is not disinfected there, the foci of diseases expand over time, and the plants die.
• Herbicide exposure.

Summer residents are an economical people. In the struggle for the harvest, the beds are not allowed to rest, they are planted every year. As a result, the supply of nutrients in the soil gradually dries up.

On the lack of minerals, cucumbers "shout as they can." First, it is expressed in slow growth, weakened leaves, uneven color, then - in the form of fruits. Curved, twisted cucumbers of different thickness - the first sign that the plant received less fertilizer.

To compensate for the lack of nutrients in the soil, first of all you need to use fertilizers containing nitrogen. This is the manure of any animals (cows, goats) or birds.

But you need to know when to stop. If cucumbers get too much fertilizer, they will begin to actively increase their hardwood to the detriment of flowers and fruits. Excess nitrogen will accumulate in fruits in the form of nitrates. In addition, fresh manure emits a lot of heat, and plants can simply burn. If you need to feed the cucumbers urgently, you can dilute the manure with water in a ratio of 1 to 10.

Also, agronomists advise to use urea for fertilizer - 1 teaspoon per 10 liters of water, pour plenty of the solution with a solution and spray the leaves. Urea granules can be laid directly into the soil. Thus, the gas that is formed during decomposition will not evaporate, and the plants will get more nitrogen.

Ammonium nitrate or ammonium nitrate can be used. Fertilizer produced in granules or in powder form. Three tablespoons of the substance to be dissolved in a 10-liter bucket of water and water the plants.

Also, cucumbers are very fond of potassium and phosphorus. Moreover, phosphorus is a universal fertilizer. They can not underfeed or overfeed, the cucumber itself will take as much as he needs. It is impossible to harm the plant.

A large amount of potassium contains wood ash. It can be used both in dry and in liquid form.

Someone prefers eggshell. Some summer residents use peat, but it is slowly absorbed. Be careful, cucumbers do not tolerate chlorine. Potassium salts and potassium chloride cannot be used for top dressing.

Often, to save the plants, sufficient tools are available.

• To combat aphids, a solution of ordinary soap is suitable. It is necessary to wet the cloth and wipe the leaves. You can purchase specialized products, for example, the drug Iskra. To remove the tick will help infusion of onion peel.
• Thin out plants more often. Break loose and yellowed leaves so that they do not take nutrients from others and do not shade the neighboring plants.
• Cucumbers do not tolerate herbicides. If you have processed other plants, and fertilizer accidentally fell on the cucumbers, you need to thoroughly wash the leaves with water.

It is important to know the following.

• Water more often, but do not overdo it. If you overdo it, root rot can develop. Agronomists advise the use of warm distilled water. It is advisable to water early in the morning, while it is not warm outside, otherwise there is a risk of corny burning of the plants. And you need to water directly under the root, you can even make a small funnel, so that the water does not go around. If the roots are exposed, it is necessary to sprinkle them with soil.
• If the plants died before planting new ones, it is necessary to disinfect the soil with a solution of potassium permanganate. Otherwise there is a risk that new plants will get sick too. It is better to make a complete replacement of the soil.
• Fertilize the beds with well-rotted compost.
• In small greenhouses, grow a single crop only. So you can choose the right light and temperature conditions, and the plants will not fight for moisture and nutrients.

• Plants at a distance of at least 50 centimeters. So they will not take away from each other nutrients and water.
• To raise the overall tone of the plant leaves can be sprayed with a solution of potassium permanganate of bright pink color.
• To protect cucumbers from direct sunlight, burns and hypothermia, you need to tie them up so that the leaves do not come into contact with the glass of the greenhouse. To cucumbers do not lose moisture, will help shading film or mesh.
• To saturate the roots with oxygen, you need to loosen the ground more often. Take the harvest on time, regularly pluck the bushes - this will reduce the load on the root system, the plants will become more resistant to diseases.
• To "insulate" the beds, you can use the so-called heat accumulators. They can be stones or water bottles. During the day, they heat up from the sun, and at night they give off heat to the earth.

Some more important points.

• Agronomists advise not to plant cucumbers on the same beds from year to year. Scientifically, this is called “observe crop rotation”.
• Do not forget to air the greenhouse. The stale air was not good for anyone.

Take care of cucumbers! With proper care and timely treatment, cucumbers will surely say “thank you” to a good harvest.

How to care for cucumbers in the greenhouse, see the next video.