Arabica: characteristics and tips for choosing

Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world. It is made from the fruits of the same tree.Many varieties of coffee are distinguished by their taste. This review describes the details of the most common Arabic coffee in the world.

Evergreen trees and Arabica shrubs are grown in countries with warm climates. Southern plants are quite whimsical. They do not tolerate large temperature differences. Heavy rainfall adversely affects their growth. On plantations, coffee is grown under the shade of higher plants, where they feel comfortable. Coffee trees have little resistance to disease. They need special care when growing. During one year, up to 4-5 kilograms of fruits are removed from one tree or arabica bush. As a result, they produce only one kilogram of coffee beans. Specialists have long been working on the creation of hybrid plants, from which it was possible to harvest more. But so far it has failed.

Under natural conditions, coffee trees sometimes reach ten meters in height. On the plantations they are pruned. Therefore, their height is no more than four meters. This is necessary for easy harvesting. So ripened fruits are easier to remove. The Arabica tree has gray bark. Foliage is dark green. The leaves themselves have a dense structure with a small undulating surface. They are oblong and pointed in shape. The leaves are quite large, sometimes their length reaches 20 centimeters. These evergreens flowering period takes only a couple of days. Beautiful white flowers grow in bunches of three and seven. Then they fly around and form coffee fruits. Their ripening period lasts a long time and reaches nine months. During this time, the green fruits become red. Inside are dicotyled bones.

The bones consist of two separate halves, which are pressed to each other by the flat side. When cleaning the fruit, they are easily divided. Their form is oval, slightly elongated, with a hollow in the center. The average length of coffee seeds is 14 millimeters. A small amount of caffeine in Arabica beans is only about 2%. This is less than in other types of coffee. In addition to caffeine, pits contain a large number of other components: minerals, vitamins, fiber, sugar, fats, nitrogenous substances, proteins. Depending on the variety of coffee trees, various types of drink are produced.

There are only four types of plants that are used to make coffee: Arabica, Robusta, Excelsa and Liberica. Arabica is the most common coffee in the world. More than 72% of the products sold are made from trees and shrubs of this species. Over 40 grades of arabica coffee are produced. Drinks from other coffee plants are also popular. However, Arabica has the best qualities, so products from it is the most expensive. Besides coffee beans, various ersatz, blends and blends are produced. For the last take different varieties with similar properties. Some blends are made from a single plant species, but with varying degrees of roasting. Make mixtures even without caffeine. The name of the product depends on the place of plant growth, the manufacturer, the degree of roasting and other signs.

Consider a few varieties of arabica:

• "Extra" - a product of excellent quality with original taste;
• Supremo - an excellent variety of large grains. It has a rich taste and velvety aroma;
• Excelso - Colombian blend "Extras" and Supremo. Strong coffee, with a slight tartness and wine flavor, the product is of high quality;
• Peru Supremo - a variety with a delicate Arabica and fruity flavor, made from trees and shrubs without the use of chemicals, the manufacturer is Peru;
• Sumatra - tart with bread flavor coffee, made from evergreens from the Indonesian island of Sumatra;
• Hawaii Kona - Arabica variety with a light taste of almond and sour;
• Brazilian Bourbon - a high-quality product from large grains, has a rich taste and aroma, fruits for it are collected only from young trees, the place of cultivation is hot Brazil;
• "Elite" - one hundred percent Arabica of excellent quality, many connoisseurs of hot drink get just such a coffee and enjoy its original taste.

The leader in the production of coffee is Brazil. Other major producers include Colombia, Ethiopia, Costa Rica, Mexico, Kenya, Venezuela, Vietnam, Guatemala and others. In these countries there are numerous plantations of coffee beans.

Ethiopia considered the birthplace of coffee. Here, in the old days, an invigorating drink was made from grains. Currently, a large number of excellent Arabica varieties are grown and produced in this region. Gourmets appreciate the coffee from these places due to its taste.

Latin american brazil is the main exporter of coffee products in the world. Evergreens take root in its territory. Coffee from this country has an excellent aroma and peculiar taste.

High quality possesses products from Mexico. In this country, excellent natural conditions for the cultivation of Arabica. Mexican grains have good taste.

Coffee from Colombia recognize the benchmark drink. Grains grown in this state are produced under their own brand "Colombian coffee".

India occupies one of the leading places not only in the production of tea, but also in the production of coffee products. Her goods are exported worldwide in large quantities.

Although it is considered to be the birthplace of coffee Ethiopia, but Yemen they have also been cultivating these products for quite some time (from about the 12th century). Since then, the country has already planted coffee trees and traded fruits.

In nicaragua coffee trees have been grown for over 150 years. Products from this region are exported all over the world and are in great demand.

Cuban coffees different strength and peculiar taste. Although this country lags behind the leaders in terms of output, its product is valued for its good quality.

Coffee products from Honduras exported mainly to the USA and Germany. In Russia, goods from this country are sold mainly in the form of blends and blends.

The taste of coffee depends not only on the growing conditions, but also on the maturity of the fruit. They must be ripe and collected on time. The quality of a popular drink depends on the degree of roasting of the grains. This is a very important point. Arabica beans take a black-brown color with Italian roasting. These people love bitter and slightly astringent coffee. In France, the stones are fried to dark brown. At the same time, the drink has a slight bitterness. Scandinavian roasting is very soft.

The main degrees of roasting coffee beans:

• weak - light brown grains with a slight sourness and weak aroma;
• average - brown grains with a pleasant smell and rich taste;
• strong - coffee becomes very dark, taste with bitterness;
• Viennese - strongly roasted bones to a reddish tint;
• italian - Grains get a black tone and bitter taste.

For connoisseurs of a hot drink, you need to choose exactly the level of roasting, which will bring true pleasure.

For many buyers, the price of the product matters. A high quality product, respectively, is expensive. Coffee is of poor quality. In this case, it is used for blends and blends that cost a bit. But such a product has a weak aroma and inexpressive taste.When choosing coffee, you need to pay attention to the capacity in which it is contained. An excellent option is vacuum packaging, where there is a special valve for the evaporation of oils.

When choosing coffee should pay special attention to the country that produced this product. Currently, the best Arabica in the world are supplied by Brazil and African countries. Good quality varieties are also produced in the central states of America. Arabica beans should be oval in shape with a wavy groove in the center. Therefore, they are easy to distinguish from the round Robusta bones. They must be dry and whole, without obvious damage.

Coffee drinkers do not need to buy this product in the store, because you can grow a plant at home. This will give the opportunity to use your own coffee. Coffee planting is necessary for planting shrubs. It is washed in a light solution of potassium permanganate. A pot or other special container is filled with suitable soil. Next, the bone is planted in the ground with the flat side down. Watered with a small amount of clean warm water. After planting, cover the pot with glass. At the same time there should be room air temperature. About a month later, a sprout appears. It shows the first small leaves, and later the flowers and fruits. When caring for coffee bushes, you need to remember that in winter it requires a small amount of water. In the summer, however, it is desirable to water the plant more abundantly. Shrub placed in the room so that it does not fall the sun's rays.

The product should be properly stored so that the quality of the drink does not deteriorate. It is recommended to keep the coffee in a dark dry place. An excellent container for the product is a hermetically sealed container. Moisture should not go there. It is necessary to take each portion with a clean and dry spoon.

According to medical records, a popular drink reduces the risk of developing asthma. It breaks down fats in the human body, and this contributes to weight loss. Coffee has a diuretic effect, good effect on metabolism. Caffeine increases mental performance, stimulates the brain.

Coffee is contraindicated for people who have cardiovascular diseases, problems with the gastrointestinal tract. You should not use it and those who have increased nervous irritability. A strong drink is contraindicated in the elderly, pregnant women and children. In large quantities of coffee leads to insomnia, headaches and can cause tachycardia. A person may develop over time a strong dependence on coffee.

In general, people speak positively about a popular drink. Coffee helps to cheer up, especially in the morning. During prolonged work, it supports the activity of the organism. It helps to work for a long time when it is necessary to spend a lot of energy and strength.

How to choose coffee, see the following video.