Tapestry for raspberry: types, production and use

The raspberry trellis is used for its garters, which is necessary for the healthy growth of the bushes and for obtaining a good harvest of berries. When ripe, the berries create a large load on the branches of the shrub, which can lead to breakage and, as a result, damage to fruits. Reliable support structure facilitates the care of raspberries and reduces the likelihood of damage to the shrub. The types, manufacture and use of trellis will be discussed in more detail in this article.

Trellis is a support structure that is used in gardening for garter shrubs and grapes. Most raspberry varieties have a large height (up to 1.8 meters) and thin branches, which easily bend from the impact of the total weight of the fruit or wind. Shrubs can break or fall to the ground, causing the fruit to come into contact with dirt and moisture, which will cause rotting or deterioration of berries. The use of support structures for garter bushes has a number of advantages:

• berries do not touch the soil and always remain clean, even after rain;
• the garter of bushes provides fast and uniform ripening of berries;
• branches of the shrub are well ventilated, so they do not linger on excess moisture, which reduces the likelihood of the appearance and spread of the fungus;

There are some disadvantages to using trellis. First of all, such supports are used for garters of shrubs that are planted in rows, but if only a few single raspberry bushes are required to be grown on the site, then other structures should be used for their garters. Another disadvantage of the trellis can be called their manufacture, because not everyone can do a quality construction with their own hands the first time.

Externally, the tapestry is a structure of small pillars, between which a metal wire or rope is tied in several rows. There are two main types of such structures: single-sided and two-way.

The single-band construction is a stretched wire or twine between the supporting elements. Such tapestries are used to hold shoots, and each stem must be tied up separately.

This option can be used with small plantations of raspberry. In turn, single-strip structures are further divided into several types, depending on the method of fixing the bushes:

• vertical support systems - shoots in this case are tied up in a vertical position;
• fan-shaped designs imply a fan-shaped stems garter, such trellis ideally suited for remontant raspberries;
• structures for fastening bushes at an angle;
• free trellis;
• structures for horizontal placement of shoots are used to prepare the plant for the winter.

Constructively, all types of single band lanes have practically no differences.

Two-way designs are ideal for garter shrubs that grow in large numbers. Visually, such tapestries are a stretched metal wire or rope between two parallel rows of sticks. The distance between the wires can be from 50 centimeters to 3 meters. Such tapestries allow not only to tie up shoots, but also to form raspberry plantations.

Two-way designs are divided into the following types.

• T-shaped. The supporting elements of this design, which can be made of sticks, fittings or metal pipes of small diameter, are fixed in such a way that they visually resemble the letter T. In this case, the twine is pulled from the protruding edges of the upper beam. The branches that bear fruit, are distributed on different sides, and in the center remains free space for young shoots.
• In the shape of the letter V. The supporting elements in this design are angled. The distance between the inclined beams should not exceed 200 centimeters.
• Y-shaped trellis Forms are equipped with a connecting mechanism that allows you to rotate the supporting elements to change their angle of inclination. This kind of design is extremely difficult to make yourself, so it is better to purchase a finished product.
• Tent structures differ in their dimensions and have a more complex device. Such a support system is used in the mass cultivation of raspberries, when the berries are picked by machine.

Before you start making tapestries with your own hands, you need to decide on the type of construction and materials to be used. Let's get acquainted with the basic requirements for the elements with which the trellis construction is equipped.

• The surface of the parts to which the shoots will be tied up should not be slippery. Otherwise, the branches will not be securely fastened and may slip out from strong wind.
• For garter bushes can not use metal wire, otherwise the branches will be damaged. Usually the fastening is done with the help of twine.
• In the manufacture of tapestries can not use such materials that deteriorate from the effects of precipitation, unstable to corrosion and may oxidize.
• Fastening elements, as well as supports, should not expose the shrub to damage from accidental cuts. For example, materials such as fishing line or uninsulated copper are not recommended.
• Supporting parts are made of wooden beams or metal. When using wood, it is recommended to keep the material in a solution of copper sulfate of low concentration for about 15 hours, which will protect the supports from rotting. Metal parts are recommended to be treated with Kuzbasslak.

First of all, it is necessary to decide on the type of structure to be manufactured. On the Internet you can find drawings of all varieties of tapestries, according to which you can make a support system.

Supporting elements are recommended to do not lower than 1.8 meters, and in certain cases their height can be 2.5 meters.

The wire is stretched at least in two rows. The distance between the mounting parts must be selected depending on the variety of raspberries. The following schemes are most commonly used.

• The first row is located at a distance of 0.5 meters from the ground. The second row can be at a height of 120 to 150 centimeters.
• The bottom wire is fixed at a height of 0.9-1 meters. The second row is located at a distance of 150-170 centimeters from the soil.

All types of support systems for raspberry garters have a similar design, which makes the manufacturing process almost the same. Consider the step by step instructions for making tapestries.

• Under the future construction site, it is necessary to make all measurements and dig holes in the ground with a depth of about 70 centimeters. If the raspberry has not yet been planted, then first of all you need to develop a scheme for planting shrubs.
• Supporting details of the structure are recommended to be treated with special compositions, at least those areas that will be located directly in the soil. Metal elements are treated against corrosion, and wood - from rotting.
• On the site set pillars. Supporting elements can be made of metal, wood or concrete. The most suitable step for mounting the support elements is 3-4 meters. In the first place are two extreme pillars.
• In the case of installation of a V-shaped or T-shaped design, it is first necessary to prepare the supporting parts of the appropriate form.
• Between the installed posts, a wire or rope is pulled in 2 or 3 rows. The material is fixed on the nails, which are previously driven into the supporting posts, or with the help of special fasteners.

Applying the method of growing raspberries on the trellis, it is necessary to follow a number of simple recommendations. First of all, for planting shrubs need to find a suitable place that will be well illuminated by sunlight. It is desirable that the site was protected from strong winds. Fertilize the soil before planting raspberries.

Soil is subjected to digging and harrowed with a rake. Seedlings are distributed in a row in increments of not less than 25 centimeters. If there is planting varieties of raspberries with tall bushes, then the distance between the rows should be about 100-120 centimeters. When planting seedlings, the roots of the shrub need to be straightened, covered with earth and watered well.

Raspberry needs regular and high-quality watering. For convenience, you can install drip irrigation. Throughout the life of the shrub, it is recommended to conduct regular fertilizing with mineral compounds, cutting off old non-bearing branches and processing from garden pests.

The root system of raspberry tends to grow over long distances in different directions. It is recommended to protect the roots of the plant by digging into the ground pieces of slate or other strong and solid material to a depth of about 0.4 meters. The fence is formed at a distance of not less than 100 centimeters from the nearest sapling. In this case, the material should go not only deep into the soil, but also to protrude above the ground by about 10 centimeters.

When gartering raspberry stalks, it is important to know some rules. First of all, it is necessary to observe the step size between the fixed branches in one row, which must be at least 7 centimeters. Shoots must be distributed evenly, otherwise they will interfere with the growth and development of each other. The garter is carried out with the help of twine or special staples.

If the trellis system was installed before planting the seedlings, then immediately tying the stems is not necessary. The first garter usually occurs in the first year of the plant's life, and the need for this procedure is determined based on the level of growth of the shrub.

To learn how to make a trellis yourself, you can learn from the following video.