Onion "Stuttgarter Riesen": features and rules of cultivation

Onion is a versatile and demanded vegetable, widely used in cooking for cooking a large number of dishes.The sharp and rich aroma improves the taste of dishes, and the onion itself strengthens the immune system and heals the entire body. Regular consumption of fresh product will protect the body from infections and help to avoid the development of many diseases.

The popularity and long-term cultivation of this crop led to the appearance on the agricultural market of a huge number of different varieties. Experienced gardeners advise you to pay attention to the Stuttgarter Riesen onions for getting an early harvest. This variety makes it possible to get a harvest in late spring or early summer, depending on the region of cultivation.

Onion "Stuttgart Riesen" - an early maturing German variety with high resistance to low temperatures. Consider the description of this vegetable.

• Bulb shape - round and crushed above and below, the color is golden, the flesh is white and juicy. The mass of one bulb ranges from 100 to 200 g and depends on weather conditions, soil type and growing region. The mass collected from 1 m2 of the crop can reach 7 kg.
• This variety can be stored without significant losses and maintain its presentation throughout the winter months.
• The main features of the vegetable are non-standard form, stable yield, the content of a large amount of ascorbic acid, resistance to the main diseases of onions, the possibility of growing on soils of various types, resistance to rapid temperature changes.

Advantages:

• early culture gathering;
• high yield;
• lack of special care;
• wide scope;
• universal use;
• low percentage of damage during storage;
• resistance to mechanical damage;
• transportability;
• promotes healing of the body and prevents the development of different types of tumors;
• resistance to various types of diseases and dangerous insects;
• getting high-quality greenery.

Disadvantages:

• the appearance of rot with abundant watering or large amounts of precipitation;
• non-standard and uncomfortable shape of the bulbs.

To grow this variety of onions, it is necessary to choose a sunny plot with loose and nutritious soil. Conducting the autumn digging of the area under onions, it is necessary to make a complex of organic and mineral fertilizers to saturate the soil with all the necessary substances. The cultivation of this vegetable in one place can be carried out 1 time in three years. Permanent planting of crops in the same beds will lead to depletion of the soil and obtaining low yields. To grow this culture in two ways:

• from seeds;
• from sevka.

Before sowing onion seeds, planting material should be soaked for several hours in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Treated seeds must be dried. When buying processed seed, this procedure can be omitted. Sowing seeds soaked in warm water is carried out to a depth of 20 mm, the optimum width of the beds is 35 cm.

To prevent the formation of earthy crust, which impedes the growth of young leaves, the beds are recommended to fall asleep with a small layer of dry earth or to mulch. After the appearance of three leaves must be thinned shoots. At the stage of formation of 5 leaves, it is necessary to slightly increase the distance between the plants and to make the application of mineral or organic fertilizers.

Growing onions from seeds will provide an opportunity to get a harvest in 125 days. You can prepare planting material yourself, but professional gardeners recommend purchasing seeds in specialized stores.

To obtain an early harvest of this vegetable, it is necessary to apply the planting method of planting.

Advantages:

• harvest after 75 days;
• the ability to get large bulbs with high weight.

Disadvantages:

• high cost of planting material;
• the need to use only high-quality seeding, free from disease, and of the same size.

In order to grow onion greens, it is necessary to select seeds that are unsuitable for receiving onion heads. On the pre-prepared, a separate section should be planted this material in the beds and do not sprinkle them with earth. In this case, there is no need to observe the distance between the plants and thin out them. To obtain a good harvest of green mass, it is necessary to ensure regular and abundant watering, as well as timely feeding of plants.

This variety of onions prefers well lit and blown places for growth. To prevent the appearance of rot it is necessary to create a modern drainage system on the beds. The maximum yield of onion "Stuttgarter Riesen" can be obtained on soils with a high content of black soil and a neutral level of acidity. On acidified soils, this variety does not provide a sufficient level of yield.

To enrich the soil in the beds using both organic and mineral fertilizers. To create the comfortable conditions necessary for the growth and development of this crop, it is necessary to observe the sequence of growing crops. Onions grow well after tomatoes, cabbage, melons and gourds, cucumbers and beans.

In the first half of summer, watering should be carried out 1 time every two days with warm water. With a large amount of precipitation, the frequency of irrigation should be reduced. Excessive moisture can cause bulbs to rot.

In the second half of the summer is not recommended to carry out watering. Dry soil will not only prevent the appearance of rot, but also increase the resistance of the crop to spoilage during storage. Weeding the beds will enrich the root system of the culture with oxygen and help avoid stagnant water in the area.

To obtain a large crop and large bulbs it is necessary to carry out regular application of organic and mineral fertilizers in the soil. The first dressing is carried out 2 weeks after planting, the second one month after, and the third during the growth of the bulbs.

Lack of beneficial substances can cause a number of problems:

• lack of nitrogen - slow growth, drying and dying off of green leaves;
• phosphorus deficiency - the appearance of black spots on the leaves;
• potassium deficiency - withering feathers, reduced disease resistance.

This variety has a high resistance to most onion diseases. Professional experts identify several causes of disease:

• poor quality planting material;
• planting untreated seeds;
• high soil moisture;
• non-compliance with the rules of crop rotation;
• irregular weeding of beds.

If non-compliance with agrotechnical norms and rules, you can face the following diseases.

Mealy dew is a fungal infection whose spores are transmitted through onion peel and planting material. The development of this disease occurs at high humidity and warm climatic conditions.Signs - the appearance of yellow and sticky spots on the front of the leaves and gray patina - on the back, a rapid increase in the area of ​​spots, the gradual fading of the green mass of onions.

For the prevention and treatment of this infection use chemical and organic products purchased in specialized stores. Treatment with various poisons and chemicals should not be carried out in the last month of the growing season.

Gray rot is a disease transmitted through seed and infecting the fertile soil layer. To prevent the occurrence of this infection, it is necessary to perform a number of agrotechnical measures:

1. treatment of seed with antiseptic solutions and preparations;
2. compliance with the rules of watering;
3. the creation of a modern drainage system;
4. mineral fertilizers containing phosphorus and potassium;
5. regular cleaning of diseased bulbs from beds and storage sites;
6. compliance with the rules of harvesting and storage.

Bacteriosis - rotting bulbs in the beds or in storage areas. Affected fruits have an unpleasant smell and swelled scales. Causes of the disease - high humidity and high temperature. To prevent this disease, it is recommended to grow onions in one area once every three to four years.

Fusarium - an infectious disease that is transmitted through contaminated soil. Causes - abundant watering, harvesting vegetables with high humidity, late harvest, lack of watering during the ripening of the bulbs. To prevent the development of infections, it is necessary to treat the seed with special preparations, avoid over-wetting the soil, and follow the rules for harvesting and storing the crop. If infected bulbs are detected, they must be removed and the area treated with Bordeaux mixture.

Bacterial rot is a dangerous disease that affects the entire plant. Onions infected with this disease may not be used as planting material. Moderate watering, disinfection of seed material and compliance with the conditions of storage and harvesting will help prevent the development of bacterial decay.

Not only onion diseases and infections, but also dangerous insects can reduce the amount of the harvested crop and reduce its quality.

Onion midge is a pest that can destroy most of the crop.

Prevention measures:

1. soaking seed in salt and manganese solution;
2. planting crops in ventilated areas;
3. alternating onion beds with carrots;
4. carrying out autumn digging sites.

To prevent and combat this pest, you must give preference to folk methods. The use of chemicals is recommended only when a large number of onions occur. Treatment of plots with toxic substances leads to their accumulation in the soil and obtaining a crop that does not comply with environmental requirements and standards.

Mite - an insidious pest that begins the process of activation under favorable conditions. Signs - the appearance of plaque and mold on the deformed green mass. To combat the onion mite, it is advisable to use several drugs simultaneously. With frequent use of a single drug, the insect develops immunity to it.

Thrips - an insect infects onion feathers, laying its larvae in the succulent cavity of a green plant. Onion thrips leads to the death of green leaves and slow the growth of the bulb.

Harvesting should be carried out during the period of complete drying of green feathers. Harvesting is carried out in dry and sunny weather, the lack of moisture in the soil will increase the keeping quality of the culture.

Yield sorting is a prerequisite to keep a vegetable for a long period of time. In the process of sorting, it is necessary to remove diseased, damaged and deformed bulbs. For selected high-quality bulbs, dry leaves and roots should be cut.

Drying the crop is carried out in dry and ventilated areas. For the storage of dried seedlings use wooden boxes filled with sand. This method will allow to avoid drying of planting material.

Positive reviews of onions of this variety make it popular among a huge number of buyers from around the world. Growing onions is a tradition passed down from one generation to another. This vegetable can be found on all household plots in different climatic regions of the world.

The popularity of this culture is due to its widespread use and versatility. Onions are used not only in cooking, but also in traditional medicine, cosmetology. This product is able to cure and improve the body without the use of chemicals.

Onion "Stuttgart Riesen" - a versatile variety that can give a large and early harvest not only on the beds of experienced gardeners, but also in areas of novice gardeners. This variety does not require the use of special methods of care and complex agrotechnical techniques.

For information on how to grow and process onions Stuttgarter Riesen, see the following video.