How to feed the beans?

Just a few years ago, the bean was a rare visitor at the sites of Russian summer residents and gardeners. Of legumes, our compatriots generally prefer to grow peas.

However, in recent years, it is possible to replace that the situation is changing in the opposite direction, and the beans are rapidly gaining popularity. She is known as a not particularly capricious culture, for which gardeners fell in love with her. However, only the most experienced of them know that in order to get the best harvest, the crop must be fed and done correctly.

In this article we will tell you when and how to fertilize beans.

By inexperience, the beans can be confused with peas, because both plants belong to the legume family. Depending on the variety, the beans have curly or erect stems. Attached to them are pods filled with beans. The size and color of the fruit also depends on the variety.

However, this representative of legumes does not apply raw. But it retains most of the vitamins and nutrients during preservation or heat treatment. It is also worth noting, the beans are not only used for food, but also is an effective tool in traditional medicine.

On the territory of central Russia, landing is usually carried out in May, when the earth warms up. For experienced gardeners, the indicator is chestnuts. If they bloom, then it's time to plant the beans. You can also plant it in the summer, in places of early-ripening crops, for example, by the end of June. Beans are very fond of the sun, so it is better to choose well-lit areas. Plant it in depleted soil, and the beans will prepare it for future planting of other crops.

For this fit:

• humus;
• compost;
• superphosphate;
• potassium chloride;
• ammonium nitrate;
• dolomite flour.

During the landing, observe the distance between the rows and the pits. Stems, especially climbing ones, will need a lot of space for germination. Place five seeds in the well. After completing the landing in open ground, compact it and pour. Compared with the same peas, beans require more thorough care, but all procedures are standard.

These include:

• watering;
• hilling;
• weed removal;
• top dressing.

And do not forget to install supports (wooden pegs will fit), to which you will tie up the stems.

The timing and amount of watering must be strictly followed. Before the appearance of the first buds, this should be done every one to two weeks, depending on weather conditions. Water will need quite a lot, since the culture is demanding on moisture. After the appearance of the fifth leaf, you need to completely stop watering until flowering, and then resume. Next, go to the main part of care - feeding.

During the season you need to spend at least three root-feeding beans. The first is carried out in the first month after planting and germination. Beans are a good indicator. When the first pair grows on the stems, then it is time to fertilize the culture with minerals. To do this, suitable phosphorus preparations, 30 grams per square meter of land.

The second is performed during flowering. It is necessary to meet the needs of beans in potassium. It is preferable to use potassium chloride, as it is absorbed faster by the plant. The dose is 15-20 grams per square meter. The third is held when the fruits begin to ripen. As in the previous cases, mineral fertilizers are used. Phosphorus-potassium preparations, 25-35 grams per square meter of land are best suited. Nitrogen fertilizers are not recommended. Due to the high content of this substance, most of the energy goes to the development of the bush section to the detriment of the crop.

The biggest danger for beans is anthracosis and powdery mildew. Bacteriosis and viral mosaic can also destroy it. And do not forget about the many pests, the most terrible of which for the leguminous crops are slugs.

Experienced agronomists are advised not to use organic matter for feeding beans. This does not mean that such procedures are prohibited, but they should be carried out with caution. Otherwise, there is a risk of clogging the crops, because of which the stems will start to turn yellow and fall down. The ideal option for beans are mineral fertilizers - potash, phosphate or combined. However, the level of their content in the soil plays an important role. If it is exceeded, then too often you should not use such fertilizers.

During certain periods, nitrogen-containing preparations are useful for beans. We have already talked about why they should not be used during fruit ripening. But in the early stages of the growing season, nitrogen fertilizers have a positive effect on the crop. Usually, the plant is supplied with nitrogen by bacteria located on the roots. But in conditions of poor soil, they need time for development. Until then, their deficiency will be filled with fertilizers.

Separately, it is worth noting that substances containing zinc, boron, manganese and copper are useful for beans. The most needed legumes molybdenum, which provides nitrogen exchange. Before planting, seeds are recommended to be treated with molybdenum-acid ammonium, approximately one quarter of a gram per kilogram of planting material.

And in conclusion, we will share with you several "old-fashioned" methods of feeding beans.

• Manure. As mentioned above, the use of organic products should be abandoned, however, they can be useful if used correctly. Manure should be applied to depleted soil one to two years before planting beans.
• Lime. It is introduced into acidic soils, as in the previous case, one to two years before the planting of legumes. Do not fertilize the already planted beans with lime.
• Wood resin. Many gardeners use it instead of potassium during the second feeding at the beginning of flowering. Approximately one glass of resin per square meter of soil is applied.
• Yeast. Putting them into the soil provides an active release of mesoinosite, biotin and vitamin B, which strengthen the body of beans. Feeding with yeast is usually carried out during the period of growth and flowering. However, keep in mind that the yeast will ferment and pick up most of the calcium. To replenish it, fertilize the culture with wood resin.

All of the above recommendations and tips are part of the long-term experience of many gardeners and gardeners. By applying them correctly, you will provide yourself with a really high-quality and large crop.

How to grow beans in the greenhouse, see the next video.