How best to plant garlic in the spring in Siberia and the Urals?

Apart from the fact that garlic is a favorite vegetable, which is added to various dishes and preparations for the winter, it can also be called a real medicine that helps strengthen the immune system and cope with many diseases. Not surprisingly, this culture is recognized by many gardeners. But to get a quality crop, you must fulfill all the requirements regarding planting and care. The specificity of these processes is observed in many regions, including the Urals and Siberia.

Cultivation of various crops in the Urals and in Siberia depends largely on the climatic conditions. In the first case, the continental climate prevails. This means that summer is mostly hot, and in winter the temperature sometimes reaches very low levels.

Planting garlic, you need to determine the correct time and do not forget that the culture does not like acidic soils. If the acidity is exceeded, then the plant will become sick and bear small bulbs. In such a situation, approximately 12 kilograms of lime per square meter of bed are introduced. The harsh winters of Siberia explain why spring varieties should be preferred. Otherwise, too low temperature will lead to the death of plants.

There are two main varieties of garlic - winter and spring. Spring is usually planted spring, the fruits of which are stored almost until the next harvest. In addition, it is able to germinate in any year, unlike winter, dying in frosty winters. Spring culture can also be distinguished from winter by its appearance - it has two rows of small teeth, and winter - one row of several large teeth. In the Urals and in Siberia, it is often the winter varieties that are planted, despite the attractiveness of the spring ones.

Surprisingly, it is believed that the varieties of spring garlic are not very popular in the Siberian region. It seldom appears on sale extremely rarely, and if it comes in, it is in small quantities. But you can still list it in several varieties. For example, this “Abrek” is a middle-ripening variety that does not form a shooter. Emerging bulbs reach a weight of 30 grams and have a roundish flattened shape. Such garlic has light pulp and bright taste, and from one square meter of bed it is collected up to 0.7 kilograms of harvest.

If the conditions are suitable, then he tolerates the winter well. In addition, it is the “White Lotus” - possessing large bulbs and always giving a bountiful harvest. Gardeners often mention the delicate taste of his flesh and good keeping quality.

In addition to the above varieties, mention should be made of some that are suitable for both the Urals and Siberian areas. These include "Degtyarsky", derived by the Ural experts. The head is covered with red outer scales, and the flesh is white and very sharp. The weight of one bulb, consisting of eighteen cloves, reaches 40 grams.

The next significant variety is “Yershovsky”. It is no longer so sharp, and the onion reaches only 35 grams. But this species has innate immunity from many diseases.

The "Moscow" variety is also not distinguished by its bright taste, but it pleases the gardener with a rich harvest. The bulbs grow very small - their weight barely exceeds 15 grams.

The fruits of "Victorio" reach 40 grams, they taste medium-sharp. This variety is considered mid-season.

"Permyak", bred specifically for germination in the northern regions, has a very spicy taste. This is due to the presence of essential oils in its composition. The average weight of one bulb, consisting of fifteen cloves, reaches 34 grams.

"Sochi 56", despite the slightly deceptive name, is not afraid of cold weather. It possesses innate immunity against many diseases, it ripens early and is able to be stored for one and a half years, which is a very high indicator. The taste of "Sochi" is also above all praise - it is even a little sweet due to the content of sucrose. The weight of one head, covered with white scales, reaches 45 grams.

The variety "Yelenovsky" always brings an extensive harvest, which can be saved up to two years later. The weight of one bulb is 35 grams, and it consists on average of eight cloves.This variety has innate immunity and is not afraid of the cold.

“Aleysky” variety amazes with its spicy taste, but the weight of one bulb is rather mediocre - only 25 grams. Despite the fact that it was bred specifically for germination in the Siberian region, it is not too stable and is often affected by the fungal disease Fusarium.

"Gulliver" fruits very heavy and large bulbs - the weight of one ranges from 95 to 115 grams. In some cases, the rate becomes even higher - as much as 250 grams. The variety is quite resistant to diseases and gives a decent harvest in a satisfactory period. Gray heads consist of four or five cloves with a spicy taste.

The variety "Flavor" is popular not only in Russia, but also in Europe. The taste is medium-sharp, the weight of the head reaches 80 grams, and the color of onion peel can be called light pink. On one head about twenty teeth are formed, arranged in two rows.

The weight of Kledor bulbs reaches 55 grams, and the head itself consists of about 20 cloves. Garlic has innate immunity to fungi and bacteria, shows high yields and belongs to mid-season varieties.

As for the Urals, most of which are winter crops, they are planted at the end of October, three weeks before the onset of frost. If there is a planting of garlic in the springtime, then the optimal time comes in early May, when the earth has enough time to heat up. In southern areas, the date can happen a little earlier than in the northern one, as the climate varies throughout the Urals region.

Speaking of Siberia, winter garlic is planted somewhere at the junction of September and October. Spring garlic can be sent to the beds in early May. These days the temperature should already be above zero, and freezing is not dangerous. In any case, the exact dates are determined depending on the weather conditions.

Before planting garlic in the soil, it is necessary to properly prepare and planting material, and the beds themselves. As for teeth, you should know that those samples that were stored in a room with a temperature of 0 degrees, will sprout fairly quickly. Unfortunately, the size of the bulbs will be small, and their number will also not please. If the teeth were kept in a warm room, in which the temperature was maintained at about +20 degrees, then we can expect large heads. However, they will ripen relatively longer, about 40 days more than their “cool brethren”.

The place intended for beds should be on a well-lit surface. The shade the terrain, the smaller the size of the bulb and the more green. In addition, the bed should not be located in the valley, but it should be protected from drafts. For example, it can be planned near the fence or the walls of the building. Finally, ideally, the ground for spring garlic should be loamy, loose and fertile.

If the soil is clay, then it is complemented by peat, humus and river sand. If sand is the basis, then, on the contrary, it is clay and humus. Peat composition to loosen by adding humus and river sand.

As a rule, the soil intended for garlic is fertilized with substances based on magnesium and potassium. Of organic matter, humus is often used; of chemistry, ammonium nitrate, potassium chloride, superphosphates, and others. In the case when the acidity of the soil is increased, it is treated with a solution of lime. During soil preparation, it will also be necessary to dig up a future garden bed several times, going deeper by 15 or 20 centimeters.

Immediately before planting, dry soil should be moistened and wait until the water is completely saturate the surface. Grooves are formed, the gap between which is 20 centimeters.Garlic cloves deepen by 2 centimeters, and the distance between them reaches 7 centimeters. After that, the land is leveled, irrigated with quality, and in case of a crust, it is also loosened.

Garlic care begins first with watering. It is usually carried out twice a month during the month of May and the summer months. After the garlic is poured, you need to see if the roots are bare. If this happens, they immediately need to pile up the earth. The amount of liquid used is maximum while green mass is growing, and then it becomes moderate. Three weeks before harvest, the moistening should be completed.

Usually carried out three feeding. The first comes in the spring, when the blowjob is a week after the snow melts. At this moment, the garlic beds are sprinkled with urea, a tablespoon of which is diluted in a bucket of water. As another option, manure diluted in liquid or herbal solution is proposed. After two weeks, the vegetable is fertilized with solutions containing silicon and potassium. Finally, somewhere in the middle of June, you can make a third dressing. A good solution would be to add ashes containing potassium and phosphorus.

One of the main recommendations of gardeners is to find out, before planting garlic, what kind of culture grew on a particular garden bed. The best forerunners of garlic called cucumbers, pumpkin, zucchini, beans and herbs such as clover, Phacelia and alfalfa. Also, experts advise to always remove the emerging arrows of garlic. The fact is that they consume a large amount of nutrients, which means that they make it impossible for the bulbs to grow and develop. If you do not eliminate this part of the plant, the quantity and quality of the crop will deteriorate significantly.

In addition, vegetable growers recommend storing garlic in nets or with woven stems. The temperature in the place where the harvest is located cannot exceed 1 degree of heat.

See how to plant garlic in the next video.