How to get a good harvest of garlic?

Garlic is a close relative of onions, which, like all other vegetables, has its own characteristics of care, planting, cleaning and storage.Planting a crop, as well as its cultivation is not a big deal even for a novice summer resident. To date, there are several varieties of garlic, which differ in biological features. This product is characterized by high healing properties, as well as an exceptional rich chemical composition.

It contains proteins, carbohydrates, acids and other compounds that have a healing effect on the body when consumed raw. It also has a strong bactericidal effect. You can eat both the teeth and the leaves. Garlic is also used in pickling or pickling.

Popular varieties of this plant:

1. "Gribovsky";
2. "Otradnensky";
3. "Komsomolets";
4. "Danilovsky".

Growing garlic is not difficult even for novice gardeners. The only thing that must be considered is the rules of its planting, care and cleaning. As a result, you can get a good harvest in the fall. Depending on the type of garlic, it is planted at different times of the year. For example, winter planted in late autumn and remains in the soil throughout the winter.

Before planting the seed line, you need to put on the site various types of fertilizers, which you can choose at any specialty store or prepare yourself. From above, the bed prepared for winter is mulched and covered with brushwood in order to preserve and retain the snow masses after the snow melts.

The depth of the holes for garlic depends on the size of the clove itself. Large species are planted 10 cm deep, and small ones - by 7. For planting it is recommended to choose healthy seeds, distinguishing them from the rest. Peeling of cloves is not required.

It is also worth refraining from planting the material in the newly digged soil, otherwise the teeth will settle and be located below the required level. The soil must be prepared a week before planting. It is also not recommended to plant garlic in the same place all the time. The gap between planting a crop in one site should be 4 years.

If you take into account all these rules, you can grow a high-quality crop of garlic. Compliance with these rules will help reduce the risk of pathology in the plant and its death during the period of growth.

It is recommended to choose neutral soils, which have low acidity. It is better to plant this crop in the place where cabbage or pumpkin plants used to grow, but to refuse planting where the hands had previously grown.

The beds should be located in a sunny place, and prepare them to begin in the fall. You can also treat the beds in the spring if necessary. This is done 4-5 days before planting. Prior to this, it is recommended to add 10 kg of humus per square meter to the soil. m or compost.

Treated with fertilizers and dressings, the ground should be dug 20 cm deep, then the bed should be leveled and slightly compacted. After that, it can be treated additionally with a solution of vitriol at the rate of 1 liter of the drug per 10 square meters. After this bed will be ready for planting garlic.

As mentioned above, this culture has two landing periods - this is autumn or spring. Planting winter garlic is carried out on the beds until October. In each particular case, the timing should be slightly shifted depending on the weather in a particular region, as well as the time of frost. Experts recommend seeding to produce 30 days before the expected frost.

To grow good spring garlic, you need to plant it in May and June. This garlic is characterized by the fact that it grows in large heads with the presence of bulbous stems. Winter garlic does not have these features.

Here, just as in the previous version, the landing dates may vary depending on the temperature conditions in the area. The sowing deadline is April.

In the middle zone of the country, disembarkation takes place from mid-September to early October. It is in October that the cold begins. Winter vegetables in the central regions of the Russian Federation should be planted in the second half of September. If the suburban area is located in the MO, the landing is carried out from the beginning of September until its end. In the northern regions, the dates are shifted by 5-10 days earlier, and in the south - by the same number of days later.

We must choose a drained and fertile soil. She must have enough moisture. Fertilizers are applied before sowing. This may be, for example, superphosphate.

The gap between the rows of garlic should be at least 20 cm. Teeth are planted in the grooves without a strong indentation. If in the region there are observed early frosts or severe frosts, the moment of disembarkation is transferred to earlier periods. Additionally, from above you can cover the bed with mowed grass. It is also important to remove the acidity of the soil with hydrated lime.

If there is at least one damaged tooth in the head, then such planting material should be rejected completely, since it will not produce good shoots anymore. The selected material is treated with anti-fungus agents. The most common of them - "Fitosporin".

It is diluted in water in the appropriate proportion, which is indicated on the package, and the teeth are soaked in this solution for 5 minutes. If such a tool can not be bought in the store, then you can dilute it yourself with a weak solution of manganese with iodine and soak sevok there.

Before planting, garlic is processed again. To do this, apply the composition of ash and water, which is boiled for half an hour. After the solution cools, the clove plunges into it and is then listened to in the sun.

The basis of care for this culture is four aspects. It:

1. watering;
2. weed removal;
3. adding feed to the site;
4. loosening the beds.

Water in the ground should be made regularly and in the required quantities, but at the same time such a procedure should be done infrequently. The gap between full watering should be 10-14 days. 10 liters of water will be enough for 1 m2 of land.

After watering, it is important to loosen the soil, so that moisture and air penetrate the soil and to the roots of plants. As plants mature, watering is less frequent and also reduces the amount of watering.

It is also important to fertilize the soil and protect the plants from pests. Subcortex is added in the form of phosphorus or potassium to feed once every 12 days. It is important to follow the instructions as well as the dosage.

In addition, at the beginning of the growing season, when the plant is formed, you need to use natural fertilizers, which should be applied to the soil. Some of them prepare themselves. This may be mullein or bird droppings, diluted in water.

This composition is watered between rows. Per kilogram of litter or mullein must be taken around a bucket of water. This mixture is aged for four days in a warm place, so that it fermented. Then each liter of the composition is diluted again in ten liters of water and poured onto the bed.

If you follow all these rules, as well as properly process the material before planting, the risk of fungal diseases can be significantly reduced. Additionally, the soil is disinfected by spilling a weak mixture of potassium permanganate over it. You can additionally treat the soil fungicides.

Culture is assembled at the moment when the stems on it turn yellow. It takes an average of one hundred days for a crop to fully mature. Depending on the date of planting, the harvest time from the time of its disembarkation falls on September. Likewise, the harvest itself may indicate readiness for harvesting.

Cleaning is done by digging out the bulbs and pulling them out of the ground for the tops. Next, the garlic is laid on cardboard or burlap and dries. Then the product after drying is transferred to a cool place. Plant and roots are cut in a week. Also at the landing site it is necessary to moisten the soil and remove weeds from it in order to prepare the soil for the next season.

Each plant in the garden may be sick, so their treatment may be required. In addition to the preliminary and obligatory treatment of the seeding, it is necessary to spray it during growth. The processing technology is not complicated and was indicated above. With this task everyone can easily cope on their own.

Despite the fact that today there are a large number of special preparations for the treatment of plants, not all of them can be effective. It all depends on the peculiarities of the region where the culture grows, its variety and other moments.

In some cases, you can plant garlic beds next to carrots or spud them as insects or pests appear, as well as process tobacco dust or ash.

The most common diseases of garlic are:

1. rot;
2. Fusarium;
3. mold.

It is very difficult to fight with them, and spraying with special preparations does not always give a positive result. In order to prevent the occurrence of such diseases, it will be more efficient and easier to handle sevok before planting. It is also important at the time of harvest to pick only healthy bulbs that are not affected by any disease.

Experienced gardeners often carry out preventive measures to prevent the appearance of diseases. To do this, you can plant a calendula or chicory near the garlic, dig deep into the soil when preparing the place for garlic, and also thoroughly destroy all remnants of vegetation in the garden.

To grow large garlic, you need to properly care for him throughout the entire period of its growth. After the winter you need to pour the beds with fungicides and fertilize. It is necessary to do the processing correctly, because garlic does not like soil saturated with chemicals.

In order not to look for planting material later, it is recommended to leave some parts of the culture with arrows on the garden. They should stay on the site a week after the main cleaning. During this time, the onions will ripen there.

Further they are dug out and connected by bunches. They hang themselves under a canopy so that the sun does not fall on them, and they are kept there for 30 days. During this period, the nutrients from the arrows turn into onions, and they become purple in color. Also onions are increasing in volume.

Material can be stored in the place where the frost does not penetrate until spring. Sorting is repeated before disembarking, as a result of which injured specimens are selected and disposed of.

To preserve garlic well, you need to choose dried heads, on which the scales are not damaged.Storage temperature should average 18 degrees. Garlic can be placed in bags or boxes of cardboard.

To get garlic with one clove, it is recommended to plant bulb onions, but it must be remembered that some of them will not survive without fail. After planting, seedlings will appear on day 20. Planting pattern is similar to that of ordinary garlic. But at the same time it is necessary to make smaller indentations in the ground.

Some gardeners say that after winter, winter garlic germinates very early. This usually occurs in regions where spring comes quickly. As a result, on the plots, gardeners see not green and healthy sprouts in spring, but yellow ones.

The reason is the lack of useful elements in the soil, as well as the improper feeding of plants throughout the winter. To prevent this from happening, the garlic, which is planted for the winter, should be watered with a solution of saltpeter after it shoots in spring. To do this, dissolve the drug in the amount of 5 g per bucket. Further fertilizing is done in the middle of May. Here you can use mineral fertilizers, among which note superphosphate, saltpeter or salt. All of them are bred in a proportion of 10-15 g per 10 l of water.

Some gardeners avoid using chemicals to feed and fertilize garlic. In this case, the ideal option would be to use fresh chicken dung or mullein, which contain large amounts of nitrogen.

When the crop begins to dry and fade over the entire period of emergence, the soil should be watered abundantly. To begin it it is necessary to do it from the third decade of May. At the same time, the earth is loosened with a chopper and weeded away from the weeds, in order to prevent their growth, as they additionally take useful components from the soil.

Next, you need to feed the garlic, when it will form an onion. It is also recommended to use a mullein diluted in water 1: 10. Some gardeners are limited to feeding with superphosphate during this period, but it is poorly soluble in water, and therefore it must be boiled in a container, stirring constantly.

Usually in the middle of June arrows appear on the garlic, on which there are bulbs. To get garlic in the next season with large heads, it is recommended to choose the most powerful and healthy shooters and not remove them from the site during the main harvest.

Such material is removed last, listened and stored by spring, and then planted in the ground in the usual manner, which will allow to obtain large and large garlic from such sprouts.

If someone does not know how long to dig the garlic, then experts give important advice on this topic. A sign of ripening culture - it does not form new leaves. In this case, the old leaves turn yellow, and the head becomes ribbed.

It is recommended to remove the culture in dry weather. Those plants that have matured, you need to carefully dig and pull out of the soil, and then lay in the sun to dry. After that, the pruners cut the stems and roots at a short distance from the head itself. Care must be taken to ensure that the head does not get damaged during cutting, as it then begins to rot when stored.

If the owner of the dacha has a large vegetable garden and there is a lot of garlic planted there, then you need to know how to properly preserve it for the winter. In this case, it can lie until spring. Regardless of the amount of the harvest, most of it is left for consumption in winter, and only slightly used for spins in the fall.

Garlic should be stored in a room with low temperature and low humidity. If you have to save the crop in a city apartment, you must adhere to these rules:

1. dry the garlic in the sun and put in the bag;
2. to wrap a bag with polyethylene so that air can enter inside;
3. put the bookmark in the pantry, where no light enters.

You can also use another method. Take the container and pour a little salt (1-2 cm) on the bottom. Next, garlic in the heads is poured inside and the product is again poured with salt.

Since garlic does not like to be constantly planted in the same place, as this reduces its yield, you need to know that you can plant on the plot where the garlic grew last season. There you can land:

1. pumpkin;
2. zucchini;
3. cabbage;
4. legumes.

If necessary, you can, as an exception, plant garlic again in the same area, but before that it is recommended to fertilize well and moisten the soil there for the winter. But in no case can not be planted more than 2 times in a row garlic in the same place.

It is necessary to avoid buying sevka from stores, as there is not always possible to purchase a quality product. As a result of buying infected garlic, there is a risk of introducing viral infections to your plot, which will negatively affect the growth of all other crops growing there.

Cultivation of garlic in the garden or in the country in the open field is an interesting occupation that even a novice gardener can handle. If you apply in practice all of the above sowing rules, you can get a big harvest, which will be stored for a long time. Harvested garlic can be used both for medical purposes and in cooking, without fear for its quality and for the state of its health.

For tips on growing garlic, see the next video.