How to feed garlic?

Not all plants are grown due to their pleasant taste or aroma. An example of such a culture is garlic.But in order to fully realize its useful potential, you need to follow certain rules.

Garlic is a very significant variety of vegetable plantings, differing in healing properties and at the same time being a spice. But do not assume that cultivating garlic is very simple and easy. The plant is extremely meticulous about the chemical composition of the soil, its structure and care. To understand how to do all this is quite difficult. Garlic is not only good for health, but also helps to improve the characteristics of the land on which it grows.

Bulb culture includes the following volatile substances:

• essential oils;
• phytoncides;
• pectins of high molecular nature.

All this contributes to the protection of the territory from diseases and harmful insects. Winter garlic is trying to grow, which is not surprising, almost all gardeners, even beginners. The landing is made in September, and when it is accurate, it will be prompted only by agricultural intuition, which should anticipate a change in the weather. A delicate balance is required: the earlier the garlic is planted, the higher the quality of the potential crop. But if you hurry too much, the plant will have time to form a green aboveground part and will die when cold weather sets in.

Plant under the winter requires only large teeth, which do not have the slightest signs of rotting and various stains. When only a few hours remain before planting, the seed is supposed to be soaked in a solution of manganese, which has a faint pink tint. It can not be dried. It is required to press into the ground manually or with the help of a landing gear. It is impossible to deepen teeth less than 50 mm.

Spring garlic is very different from those planted in the fall. According to gardeners, these varieties are better preserved. But there is also a weakness: it is unlikely that it will be possible to grow an equally large crop, to get heads of great magnitude.

The main purpose of the introduction of additional funds - is the stimulation of growth and development, thanks to her early shoots are more stable and stable in all conditions. Getting a good harvest is noticeably simplified, the growing season grows, so there will be much more reasons to be proud that garlic has grown large, rather than some chopped vegetable. Its cultivation in depleted areas is impossible. More precisely, some fruits will come out, but they will be, not only small, but also without any taste.

For the first time, fertilizers are added to the soil in the fall (when planting a winter crop), when it remains 10 to 14 days before planting. At this moment, humus, double superphosphate, potassium sulfate, and necessarily wood ash are used. It is unacceptable to apply nitrogen compounds in the fall. They enhance and activate the growth of green mass, and this is absolutely not what is required in this situation.

Spring feeding is designed to boost the growth of culture, so it is advisable to introduce nitrogen. But to confine only to them would be extremely unwise. It is recommended to use additional formulations with potassium and phosphorus. If you feed the garlic with organic or mineral mixtures, you can significantly reduce the risk of being affected by a host of diseases, including fungal infections. It is important not to introduce an excessive amount of fertilizer, as this will only enhance the development of the leaves and prevent the formation of large, tasty fruits.

Signs that indicate the need to feed, first of all - it's yellowing or lethargy shoots. But you need to be careful, because the same manifestations can be triggered by nematode infection and other pathologies. For the first time feeding garlic in the spring is required as soon as the snow cover comes down.It is at this moment that the vegetable, which survived the winter period, is most acutely deficient in minerals. The second treatment is carried out at least 14 days.

Winter garlic is usually fed after germination, and the spring species needs to be fed later, sometimes in May, since it is necessary to wait for the ovaries to appear and to begin active growth. To avoid over-intensity fertilizer can be, if you combine its introduction and watering. But again, we must not forget that garlic is not experiencing excessive moisture. For both winter and spring varieties, it is advisable to produce the very first top dressing with urea. For every 10 square meters. m of garlic beds consumed from 20 to 30 liters of solution, depending on the needs of the plant.

The second time, towards the end of the spring, nitrophoresis or nitroammophoska is used. The total amount of fertilizer consumed is the same as the first time. In addition to the standard dressings, in the spring you can use other means if these or other problems arise. Thus, the drying of garlic during normal watering is overcome by ammonium nitrate. Excessively light feathers will become darker if you water the plants with potash, after sprinkling ashes on the soil.

In June, the garlic begins to form an onion. As soon as this happens (usually at half or at the end of the month), it is necessary to feed the vegetable a third time. The addition of nutrients is important for any variety, regardless of the timing of its sowing and growth. It should be remembered that winter types of garlic develop more quickly, so you can sometimes miss the necessary moment. The condition of the plant must be monitored daily. During bolting, you should remove redundant parts, regardless of anything.

If the first two supplements can still be carried out in arbitrary terms, then for the third schedule it should be strictly followed. Excessively early food will lead to premature exit of the arrows, which will absorb all the vital forces of garlic. Making the feeding too late, you may experience yellowing of the leaves. A mixture of phosphorus and potassium helps to achieve the appearance of good heads, and ideally you should use superphosphate (approximately 45 l of the solution prepared from 60 g of the composition per 10 l of water is consumed per 10 sq. M of the plot).

As practice shows, a competent choice of fertilizers for garlic largely determines its yield. Depending on the correct or erroneous decision, productivity can vary almost in half. This will confirm all those who have to grow garlic for sale. It should be remembered that the vegetable is sensitive to the amount of mineral salts in the ground, therefore it is unacceptable to introduce them in a significant amount. Each type of fertilizer must be introduced strictly at a certain time.

When planting in the fall (before winter, as experienced gardeners say), it requires the formation of a solid root system, but without the rapid development of foliage. In most cases, the feeding of this kind is produced by humus or compost. To feed such fertilizers with the expectation of a quick result is unlikely to succeed. But then it will be stable and last longer. The recommended proportion is 10 kg of fertilizer per 1 sq. M. m garlic.

It is categorically unacceptable to use fresh manure. And not because he is too strong a stimulant. This compound provokes the occurrence of fungal infections. And in the worst case, he is able to destroy the plants. As for manure types, cow is best, but horse and pork are more effective (consumption - 5 and 4 kg per 1 sq. M).Consumption of chicken manure will be 2 kg, and from 2 to 3 kg you need to make lowland peat.

In addition to organic matter, it is useful to fertilize the soil with potassium sulfate and superphosphate before planting garlic (their dosage is approximately 15 and 30 g per 1 m² of plantings). Such mixtures help rooting and successful outcome of winter. In the spring of intensive growth of garlic will be provided when using ammonium nitrate or urea (30 g per 10 l of water is almost always enough to process 5 m² of plantings).

Top dressing of spring garlic with the same mixtures is quite possible, but only with the appearance of 3 or 4 leaves. In the second feeding, mainly complex fertilizers are used, such as nitroammophoska, in which there is a complete set of necessary substances in equal dosage. The moment for the third feeding is selected individually. Landmark will be the development of leaves. As soon as they grow to the greatest value, then you need to feed the garlic.

You should not think that it is possible to process garlic in the open ground only with “branded” mixtures. No less effective are the "folk" ways of caring for this culture. Many farmers try to fertilize it with succinic acid. The role of this additive is multifaceted, because it is used for the following purposes:

• stabilization of natural microflora in the earth;
• general strengthening of the plant;
• improving the absorption of other nutrients;
• increased yields;
• risk reduction when transplanting to free land.

Unlike potent mixtures of factory production and manure, succinic acid works according to the most sparing scheme. Important: it is unable to replace other fertilizers and only increases the effectiveness of their use. What is useful, the reagent does not bring any harm to plants. Even if the recommended dosage is exceeded, the succinic acid is soon split by sunlight and air. It is not absorbed by the plants, but it is still worth avoiding too frequent and prolonged treatments, because after them it is often necessary to lime the earth.

It should be noted that pharmaceutical preparations that mention amber in the name or contain references to it are intended solely for medical and cosmetic purposes. It is always required to clarify that it is chemically pure succinic acid that is sold, and not a mixture saturated with extraneous components. There is no harm to health, so when working in a garden or a garden with this fertilizer, you can limit yourself to wearing gloves. If the solution is still on the unprotected skin, it is washed off with an abundant amount of soda solution and rinsed with clean water.

It is recommended to store succinic acid in a dark room where the temperature does not rise more than +25 degrees and contact with water will be excluded. In such conditions, the drug remains valid for up to 36 months. Of course, it is unacceptable to keep food, drinking water, medicines (including veterinary), household chemicals in the same place.

A variety of application schemes are used, namely:

• seed soaking;
• watering plants;
• spraying their green parts.

Stimulating quality manifests a solution in a concentration of 0.5 or 1%. Important: succinic acid will not push to the formation of fundamentally new organs, additional stems, it will only increase the chances of survival of already existing parts of the plant. Like other cultures, garlic is useful before planting pour a solution of 0.25%.

Already mature plants also benefit from amber processing. Thanks to it, the development of the root system is improved.For this purpose, an aqueous solution at a concentration of 0.2% is used. A similar liquid is used to pour the soil around the roots to 150–300 mm, which is determined by the age of garlic. Such treatments are carried out three times over 3 weeks at approximately regular intervals. To spur flowering capable of an aqueous solution of succinic acid in a concentration of 0.1%. Spray them with garlic should be 2 or 3 times, twice a day, the first treatment is carried out before flowering.

In addition to succinic acid, gardeners have excellent tools at hand to support the spicy vegetable. Some farmers successfully use infusion of nettle. This is an excellent substitute for commercial nitrogen fertilizers for organic farming. Green infusion is equally useful for winter and spring crops.

It is recommended to re-process the plants with them as soon as 14 days after the first sprinkling season. The tincture can be prepared very quickly, if 2 kg of shoots cleaved by scissors and leaves are kept in 10 kg of water overnight. In the morning, the resulting liquid is filtered, it needs to be watered and foliage, and roots, and the remnants of greens do not need to be disposed of, because they are useful for nettle feeding the full format.

The quality recipe of "nettle kvass" implies the aging of crushed nettle in a plastic container under a layer of pure warm water. Cover with a lid, put the container in a warm corner. Best of all, where the sun's rays will constantly fall on it. After a few days the surface of the liquid will begin to blister, which indicates the start of the fermentation process. By the tenth day, home-made fertilizer has a bad smell and does not have a single bubble.

Not everyone can wait as much as 10 days. Fermentation can be forced by the following auxiliary components:

• 0.5 kg long-lasting jam;
• 20–30 g of yeast (suitable in dry and fresh form equally);
• compost preparations;
• ready bacterial solutions.

Of course, all these mixtures are used each separately, you should not use two or more fermentation catalysts simultaneously. In any case, 1 l of ready-made nettle must be diluted with 10 l of water, and then irrigated from the watering can. This feeding is done towards the end of the day, otherwise there is a great risk of sunburn. To increase the effectiveness of the "nettle kvass" helps preliminary watering of plants.

The practice of feeding garlic with yeast is quite widespread. It allows plants to deliver the following important elements in the most accessible form for assimilation:

• iron;
• protein components;
• minerals.

It is noted that yeast nutrition accelerates the development of roots and allows plants to gain the necessary condition faster even with a deficit of light. It is possible to carry out the treatment both in spring and in summer, as soon as the soil warms up sufficiently for a quick reaction. At the same time, care should be taken to strictly regulate the dosage. It is not only a matter of the high cost of the yeast itself - with their excessively active action, garlic as a whole and its fruits may suffer. When the yeast begins to ferment, the soil loses a significant amount of potassium and calcium, which is not compensated by the beneficial effect of the fertilizer itself.

Yeast top dressing can only be root, since direct contact with the leaves, even in the smallest volume, is bad. For 3 liters of warm water take 0.1 kg of yeast and ½ cup of refined sugar. When the solution is mixed, it is left to ferment in a warm corner for 120–180 minutes. It is recommended to cover the bucket with gauze so that nothing gets there. Periodically, the liquid should be stirred, and after preparation the solution is diluted (1 cup per 10 liters of pure water).

Garlic can be fertilized and ash. It is best to apply it in mid-June to catch the moment of formation of the head.The benefits of wood ash are due to the fact that it contains a lot of phosphorus and potassium. Ash solution is prepared in a concentration of 1% relative to the volume of water. A good result brings the use of extracts from the ash, which are prepared with half the volume. The only condition is that the solution reaches a boil.

In areas with dominant loam, frequent or prolonged rains can lead to excessive compaction of the earth. This is manifested in the fact that both the source contained in the soil and the components introduced into it are not absorbed - and the tips of the pen turn yellow. Regular loosening and the same wood ash helps to cope with the problem - it improves the soil structure. To eliminate another cause of yellowness of garlic - iron deficiency - additional fertilizers are added to the mixture. Spraying plants with a combined solution of soap and ash helps to suppress downy powdery mildew. It is advisable to carry out such processing in the tenth of June, simultaneously with the weeding of the beds.

It should be remembered that, in principle, ash obtained by burning synthetic materials and substances, such as:

• plastic;
• polyethylene;
• polypropylene;
• painted wood;
• plywood;
• prints of any kind.

Preliminary top dressing with quality ash is made at the stage of preparation for sowing (if we are talking about winter varieties) either all autumn and in early spring. It is necessary to determine the amount of fertilizer applied individually, taking into account the structure of the soil, its fertility and the level of acidity. If the site is dominated by heavy clay soil containing a small amount of nutritional components, 200–600 g of ash should fall to 1 linear meter of future plantings of garlic. When it is required to change the acid-base balance, 10 kg and even 20 kg of the mixture can be used for the same area. In the dry method, sprinkle ashes between the rows, the areas around the plants themselves, which are carried out before regular loosening.

Watering a solution of ash is made after 250–500 g of fertilizer is dissolved in 10 liters of water and the tincture is aged for 2–3 days. This treatment is carried out under the root, using a watering can without nozzles. Regardless of the specific method, it is required to feed the garlic with ashes 3 or 4 times per season.

The last treatment is carried out for the winter species in the first days of July or for the spring - towards the end of the month.

We should also talk about foliar feedings.

• First treatment this kind is carried out using not only urea, but also a mixture of sodium humate with boric acid.
• Second time The plant is fed with a homogeneous solution of humate, boric acid and potassium magnesium, which help to speed up the folding of the teeth. Urea can also be used, but by necessity, if it is not enough for complete success.
• The third time You must use a homogeneous aqueous solution of potassium sulfate and superphosphate 5 l per bed of standard size.

The fourth supplementary feeding (using potassium sulphate, the collection of trace elements and boric acid) is organized in one of the following cases:

• after the final foliage formation;
• in the initial stage of fruit laying;
• just before harvesting.

How and when to make garlic supplements, see the next video.