Description of the best varieties of garlic

Garlic has long been a favorite seasoning for chefs. Its savory and exquisite taste, as well as rich and unique aroma attracts many fans to cook various dishes.Besides, as you know, garlic is good for health. To grow such a culture is quite simple, but because it can be found at the cottages and garden plots of almost every person. However, few people know that there are many varieties and types of garlic. The main and most fruitful varieties are discussed in this article.

The variety of garlic varieties on the market always makes it difficult to choose a gardener or summer resident. In order to understand how to get a good harvest, let's figure out what the seeds of garlic are.

Different types of culture in their own form the fruits and the plant itself. So, there are varieties of arrows (those that form an arrow in the process of their growth and development) and non-strelka (respectively, without the formation of arrows). But you should also know that garlic can be both technical and dining, and only table varieties are suitable for using fruits in cooking, and technical varieties are suitable for decorating the room, giving the room a peculiar aroma, since there is much more essential oils in them.

If you pay attention to the stem of the plant, you can see that in some varieties it is hard, and in others it is soft. These are also different varieties of garlic: the first stalk grows directly from the root, and the maximum number of teeth can reach 8 pieces, the second stalk does not exist at all, and the resulting teeth of the fruit (which can be formed much more - up to 20) due to the root lobe in the head. The arrow of the hard-to-stem types of garlic ends in a basket in which the seeds are located, having gathered them and having planted them in the ground, you can get a single-toothed fruit.

Seed garlic has its advantages for planting: it often shows good results, bringing an excellent and tasty harvest. In addition, it is a great opportunity to revive and grow the variety that was lost for some reason, for example, due to the influence of pests or adverse weather conditions. Planting garlic seeds is very simple, like any other seed culture.

As for ripening, there are varieties of early, middle and late ripening. Early varieties are preferred for those who at the very beginning of the summer season wants to get a portion of excellent harvest.

For those who like to store garlic at home as a kind of decor - dry, roll in decorative jars and so on - it is worth noting that garlic husk is not only white (although it is more common), but also purple or pink. The latest options are more suitable for decorating the room, because they look unusual and bright, attract attention.

Since the varieties of garlic are so varied that they can be enumerated endlessly, we will consider further the main and most common types that can be very easily grown on a summer cottage or garden plot, and even at home on a windowsill or balcony.

• "Dobrynya" - the variety is distinguished by good germination, long shelf life and stable yield, the heads of the fruit are rather large, the taste is not very sharp, which is what attracts the attention of gourmets. This sort of garlic is often eaten raw because of its incredible taste characteristics. It can grow even novice gardeners, because it is unpretentious in the care and less prone to various diseases than other types of this culture.
• "Bogatyr" - such names usually give those types of crops that truly differ in their size from others. The large sizes of the heads of this garlic variety are attractive for cultivation.Usually the head weighs up to 85 grams, but sometimes it can reach weights up to 115 grams! Unpretentious in the cultivation of garlic, which is suitable for all regions (the most productive regions for it may be located in the middle lane).

• "Gulliver" - Another kind of culture that boasts its own description. It is not subject to excessive disease, has excellent yield, pleasant taste, flat bulbs, easy to grow, produces arrows, which can also be used for culinary purposes.
• "Sofievsky" - a low, but interesting variety of garlic, which grows to a maximum height of 70 centimeters, but at the same time has a large onion, the weight of which can sometimes be up to 100 grams, and cloves. In terms of taste preferences, perfect for those who love not very spicy, but moderate garlic flavor.

• "Moskal" - very large garlic, whose head reaches 80 grams (usually 4 cloves) and has a slightly elongated shape. The shooter does not form, has a bright purple color scales, which attracts the attention of those gardeners, for whom the appearance of the fruit is as important as its taste characteristics.
• Rokambol - an unusual type of garlic, at first glance at which it is difficult to determine that it is garlic or onions. This is because this variety occupies a middle position between crops such as garlic and leek. The leaves of the plant are up to 6 centimeters wide, so it is difficult to distinguish it from the leek. The plant is a perennial and every year forms all the big heads of one-teeth. So, in the first year they reach 50 grams, in the second - already up to 100 grams.
• "Stallion" - the main advantages of this type are drought resistance, which is important for novice gardeners, good tolerance of low temperatures. Its immune system is so developed that the plant is practically not susceptible to pests and diseases.

Among all types of garlic gardeners stand out 2 main ones: spring and winter.

This type of garlic is planted in the ground at the very beginning of spring. Spring varieties have a great, but small harvest. However, unlike winter varieties, spring crops have a longer period of keeping quality, and their taste qualities can be maintained for 12 months if storage conditions are observed.

Spring varieties have the following differences:

• a single culture bulb may contain a large number of slices (up to 30);
• as a rule, they do not have arrows (except for a few varieties);
• the teeth in the central part are slightly smaller, since they are arranged in a spiral spiral in the head;
• reproduction of such varieties produced by teeth.

Winter varieties of garlic have a high yield compared with spring varieties. It ripens much earlier, but is stored less, losing its taste with time. The optimal conditions for storage are the following: the air temperature in the room should not drop below -4 degrees and should not be higher than 1 degree heat, and the humidity should be 75%. Such conditions are quite difficult to create, because winter garlic is often replaced by spring ones, despite the fact that the latter is not so attractive in appearance and size. Mainly winter varieties are used for sales, cooking and processing.

The ideal time of year for planting is late autumn, and the time of first harvest is the last days of spring. At the same time, in the process of its growth and development, the culture loses its juiciness significantly.

There are the following differences from spring varieties:

• a small amount of cloves forms in the bulb (up to 10);
• the culture has an arrow, on which an air bulb is subsequently formed, which is used during reproduction;
• the lobules in the fruit are located in 1 row.

For many, not only garlic varieties that have specific, distinct taste characteristics are attractive, but also those that have an increased germination rate and excellent yields.

Among the giant varieties are those that differ incredible yields.

• "Titanium" - this type of garlic ripens from the moment of planting to the moment of harvest in 100 days. It is grown in open ground, it forms an arrow, it does not exceed 35 centimeters in height, and the tops of a plant can reach 3 centimeters. This variety has one feature: the head weight is 150 grams, it is truly a giant among its relatives in the garden and garden. Violet pale scales conceal perfectly white cloves, the number of which, depending on various factors, can vary from 4 to 6. As for yields, up to two pounds of fruit can be collected from one square meter. Harvest has good storage performance, the total time - up to six months.
• "Alekseevsky" - sometimes this sort of garlic is called “Alekseevsky giant”, this is because it has very large heads, in which 4-5 cloves are formed, the total mass of which sometimes amounts to 180 grams. Disease-resistant, this variety has become very popular both among professionals and beginners who are just learning the skills of cultivating this crop. But it is also worth noting the unusual taste of this sort of garlic - it is not just spicy, but has a sweetish taste, and therefore it is very often used for culinary purposes.

• "Casablanca" - a real giant among the representatives of culture! In the head of the fetus is formed from 8 to 12 teeth, the total weight of which can reach up to 200 grams. Among gardeners, it is popular due to the fact that it has good storage characteristics, is resistant to the most diverse diseases, and its yield can surprise everyone - 55 t / ha.
• "Komsomolets" - among the presented types of garlic, this variety is probably one of the most sought after and popular among gardeners. The history of this variety began in 1969 in Voronezh, where breeders began to develop activities for the cultivation of this type of garlic, which could give an excellent crop in the specific soil and climatic conditions of the Central Black Soil Region. It took 10 years to form the final version of this type resistant to cold temperatures, but it is very unpretentious in cultivation and can give a good harvest - up to one and a half kilograms of fruit can be obtained for 1 square meter. Dense stems up to 40 centimeters high are covered with a waxy bloom, and the resulting arrows form bulbs at the ends, the total number of which can reach up to several hundred! The head of such garlic is dense and consists of cloves (7-10 pieces).

In order for the selected variety of garlic to produce yields the desired results, you should pay attention to the methods of storing seeds. So, too warm conditions (up to 20 degrees of heat indoors) impede the growing season of the crop, but the head subsequently has a much larger size than those of cultures that were stored in less warm rooms. If the bulbs were stored in a temperature range from 1 to 3 degrees Celsius. They will sprout faster, but the bulbs themselves will be much smaller. It all depends on the wishes of the gardener.

It is also worth paying attention to the time of year in which the culture is planted. If the process occurs before winter, then it is necessary to pay attention to those varieties that have colorful husks (purple, lilac, pink), since they are not so whimsical in their care, they are resistant to winter low temperatures.

The head of garlic also says a lot about whether it should be planted in open ground. First of all, it should be very large. In addition, it is worth examining it with special care, since the smallest damage to the outer layer of the head can affect the quality and quantity of the crop. Teeth should have approximately the same size, and their number should be more than 4. If there is a smaller number of teeth in the head, this indicates that this culture is gradually degenerating, that is, it loses its ability to reproduce.

About what sort of garlic to choose for planting, see the following video.