Black cherry: varieties of varieties and their features

Sweet cherry has a juicy taste and a bright aroma, thanks to which it is very popular. Gardeners especially appreciate the precociousness of the culture, because the first fruits of the tree, depending on the variety, are able to bring in early June. Black cherries, which combined practical characteristics, appearance and taste of berries, achieved great attention.

Cherry berries contain a lot of vitamins and trace elements that are necessary for the human body. In addition to potassium, iron and iodine, the fruits are rich in citric, malic, salicylic and lactic acid. In addition, they have a low calorie content, which has a beneficial effect on the shape of people on a diet.

Eating berries helps to normalize the metabolism and slow down the aging process. The vitamins A, B1, B2, B3 and B6 contained in them help to form bones and teeth and stimulate brain and heart activity.

With the help of sweet cherry it is possible to lower blood clotting and remove excess cholesterol from the body. Also, black berries are necessary for people suffering from hypertension, as dark varieties are able to lower blood pressure and strengthen the walls of blood vessels.

Black varieties of cherries have a beneficial effect on the human nervous system and help to cope with irritability, insomnia and headache. People who have problems with the gastrointestinal tract and diabetics need to limit consumption of these fruits.

Fruits of black sweet cherry differ in dark color and have sweet-sour taste. It is best to collect them, not waiting for full ripening, as overripe berries can burst.

Among the black varieties the most popular are:

• "Black Prince";
• "Leningrad black";
• "French black";
• "Black Sweet";
• Rossoshanskaya;
• Mlievskaya;
• "Dyber";
• "Melitopol";
• Ilchishin.

Differs in frost resistance and endurance. She is well acclimatized in areas that do not differ in hot summer and warm in winter. Even being in a place that does not differ in the abundance of sunlight and heat, the sweet cherry consistently brings a good harvest.

The tree grows in height of 4-5 m and is able to bear the first fruits already in the third year after disembarkation. The plant grows so that its branches form a dense crown, which does not allow air and sunlight. You can find out the variety “Leningradskaya black” by large elliptical leaves and sharp tips.

The culture in May blossoms, and the first harvest can be received at the end of June. In the coldest areas, the first fruits can be collected a little later - at the end of July. At the same time, the berries of this variety ripen unevenly, which allows them to enjoy their pleasant taste for a long time.

It differs in partial self-fertility and cross-pollination, which allows to get a better ovary. This variety is resistant to frost and unpretentious care. He is not afraid of coccomicosis - a disease that adversely affects the yield and viability of the plant.

“Black sweetness” blooms at the end of May, and the first fruits come in July. Its berries are of medium size and stand out in maroon color. Their flesh has a deep red color and sweet taste.

It grows up to 3-3.5 m and has a medium spreading crown. He is not afraid of frost and is resistant not only to diseases, but also to pests. An adult plant can produce more than 15 kg of berries, and with proper care this number can increase significantly. The first fruits "Black Prince" brings in early June and has large berries of maroon color.

This variety is self-infertile, and therefore needs pollinators. In order to consistently receive the crop, other varieties should be located near the cherry tree, for example, Iput or Fatezh.

Cherry grows in a temperate climate and can take root even in the middle belt of the country.

Srednerisloe samoplodnoe plant having a crown pyramidal-horn form and different average number of leaves. A young plant can produce more than 5 kg of crop, while adult sweet cherry has a yield of more than 16 kg. The variety is frost resistant, and therefore can be grown in central Russia. But unexpected frosts during budding and flowering can damage the tree.

The berries are almost black with red tint. They are distinguished by their large size and round or oval shape.

The vigorous variety, distinguished by a wide spreading crown. The leaves have an oval shape with pointed tips, a smooth plate and a dark green color. Sweet cherries are not afraid of drought and can get the necessary moisture even from deep soil layers. Reviews gardeners say that it does not undergo frost and shows good frost resistance.

Unlike other varieties of black cherry, "French Black" begins to bear fruit only for 6 year. It is capable of consistently producing crops for more than 20 years, but the best fruiting can be achieved only 12-15 years after planting.

Among the shortcomings of the variety, it is possible to distinguish strength and instability against early frost.

Srednerosly samobesplodny grade that needs a good pollinator. Cherry is distinguished by a round, thickened crown and oval, jagged green leaves. It fructifies at the end of June. Berries have a large size and maroon color.

According to experienced gardeners, "Mliyevskaya" sweet cherry is good because it is not afraid of fungal diseases and brings sweet fruit.

The above varieties of black sweet cherries have good characteristics, and therefore are found in garden plots most often. However, many gardeners prefer less popular varieties. For example, "Dibere", which is a medium-sized plant with a thick rounded crown. The leaves have an oval shape with a rounded base. The tree begins to bear fruit 5-6 years after planting and blooms mainly at the end of June. Since it is self-productive, in order to pollinate it, it is necessary to arrange pollinating varieties nearby.

The variety "Diber" is not distinguished by good frost resistance and is not very resistant to pests and diseases. But it has high productivity and tasty fruits, so it is quite popular for growing in the southern regions of the country.

But “Melitopol” and “Ilchishina” cherries are grown because it possesses not only delicious large fruits, but also tolerates transportation.

Black cherry can be damaged by a cherry fly, aphids, leafworm and peppered moth. These pests eat leaves, buds and flowers, as well as spoil the fruits and wood. To protect the tree from the harmful effects of insects, it is necessary to regularly treat it with strong insecticidal agents. In early spring, the stem and base of the skeletal shoots of cherries must be whitened.

To protect cherries from diseases, it must be sprayed with a solution of urea. This should be done in early spring and late autumn, at a time when the culture does not bloom and does not bear fruit.

It is important to properly prepare the trees before the first cold weather begins. To do this, just use the humus or peat, which is well close the root system of cherries.

You will learn more about black cherry in the following video.