Planting eggplant in open ground

Eggplant is a herbaceous plant belonging to the perennial. According to botanical definitions, it is a berry, but in summer cottages it is usually grown as a vegetable. We can call these plants in different ways.It usually grows in vegetable gardens, but India is considered its homeland, where this culture grows wild. In Russia, this vegetable is considered difficult to grow, as it requires a lot of light, high temperature, sufficient moisture, and the presence of nutrients in the soil.

Independently difficult to create the necessary conditions for this vegetable, if you do not have the skills to grow it, so you should consider recommendations for the care of this crop.

Eggplant is a crop that is often grown on a seedling basis. If desired, you can plant yourself and the seeds to get seedlings from them. If there are no seeds, they can be purchased at the store. Eggplants must be planted properly and the sowing time must be observed, which will help to improve their yield. Usually, after the transplanting, the fruits appear in 30–40 days. This period is enough to grow strong and give the first fruits that can be collected and consumed.

Eggplant can be late ripening, mid ripening or early ripening. It is recommended to choose the type depending on the weather conditions in the region, since the temperature is important for this plant. In the middle zone of the Russian Federation are growing early and mid-season varieties. It is also necessary to take into account the age of the seedlings before planting. On average, it should be 5-7 days from the moment of the appearance of the first shoots from the pots. And also to this period, you need to add another two weeks for the plant to take root in a new place.

Based on this, you should calculate the appropriate time for sowing seeds in a particular region. The following guidelines should be followed when disembarking:

• in the southern part of the seeds must be planted in early February;
• in the middle lane - at the end of February;
• March is suitable for disembarking in the northern regions.

For eggplants, an area protected from the wind is isolated in the garden, which is well illuminated by the sun, and there are no weeds on it. It is also important to improve the fertility of the soil. Eggplants should not be planted in those areas where tobacco, tomatoes or potatoes used to grow. The landing site should be provided with drainage, but at the same time there should be a lot of moisture.

And also recommended to make for each square. garden meter components such as:

• 5 grams of urea;
• 5 grams of potassium;
• a glass of ash;
• 5 grams of superphosphate.

Manure is added in a small amount, since it can contribute to the development and strong growth of leaves, and then the fruits of the plant will not have enough strength to form, since nutrients will go only to the green mass. After the introduction of these components, the soil rolls to 30 cm in depth. The ideal bed size in width should be 90–100 cm. The length can be arbitrary. After planning the site, it is possible to saturate the soil with additional means such as:

• sodium humate - diluted with 5 grams per 10 liters of water;
• fertilizer "Effecton" - 10 grams of the drug is diluted with 10 liters of water;
• mullein - 500 grams of mullein per 10 liters is diluted in water.

The temperature of the landing air should be +14 degrees, which will allow the plant to develop and grow well. When the temperature drops to +10 degrees, the growth stops, so the plants begin to turn yellow and die. It is best to grow this crop in the southern regions of the country, where there are no sharp temperature drops.

If you use a greenhouse, the vegetable seeds must begin to germinate in February.Germination of plants from such seeds is maintained for 8 years. Planting of seeds is carried out only after their disinfection. To do this, they are placed in a solution of potassium for half an hour, then the seeds are removed and washed well, and also dried. After these manipulations, the seeds are considered to be neutralized, in the future they will not be exposed to germs in the soil and other diseases.

Eggplants usually grow with seedlings that will help to get the best germination. In the room where they will grow, the temperature should be +25 degrees. Seeds are best planted in peat cups. For planting seeds need to take one part of the compost, sand, humus and ash. All these components are mixed and the mixture is packaged in cups, where they plant seeds of 5 mm. In one container should be no more than two seeds. Above the ground in the pot wakes up with sand and covered with foil.

Further, throughout the whole period of seed growth, it is necessary to monitor that the temperature in the greenhouse does not rise above +27 degrees and does not fall below +13 degrees. You should constantly ventilate the room and provide access to the sun. When sprouts appear, you need to water the plants so as to prevent stagnation of water. To do this, use a dressing consisting of eggshell and water. The solution is infused for 5 days, and then poured on the plant.

When planting crops in greenhouses, the dates can be slightly moved to an earlier period. By the number of sprouts that appear from the seeds, you can know in advance the quality of raw materials; If more than 15% of the seeds have grown, the crop after planting will be rich.

So that the seeds do not die when the temperature drops, they should be hardened. To do this, put them in a saucer with water and refrigerate at +3 degrees. Keep them to be 24 hours, after which you can land in the ground. In order for the vegetables to take root well after transplanting into the soil, initially they should be grown in pots. In this case, the plants will not be damaged during transplantation, since they, together with containers, can be immediately placed in open ground. Eggplants do not tolerate frequent transplantation, so it is better not to injure them once again.

Transplantation into open ground is carried out after the frost has passed and the temperature has stabilized. A day before planting in the soil in the tanks where they grew, it is necessary to moisten the soil. It is also important to thin the roots. Planting is carried out in the soil, which is pre-treated with a solution of water and potassium. It is recommended to add 3 liters of such liquid to one well.

After transplanting, each bush should be covered with dry soil from above, which will help it to settle down better. After that, the site should be watered daily with water, the temperature of which should be +25 degrees. After 2 weeks it is recommended to supplement sprouts with fertilizers.

This manipulation is not difficult, but you need to know some rules. It is recommended to plant eggplants only in certain periods when the temperature will contribute to this. Initially, the beds are made wells, which are filled with water. Time is given so that the liquid is absorbed into the soil, and then seedlings can be placed there.

The pits should have a depth of 10–15 centimeters. Top it is necessary to sprinkle them with fresh soil that will help prevent the formation of a crust.

Between the bushes need to maintain a distance of 35 cm, and between the rows - 65 cm.If these figures are less, the roots of the fruit will not be able to develop and will not give a good harvest. Experienced farmers say that eggplants are similar in structure to pepper, so they can be planted in one area. It is not necessary to make planting with tomatoes. The landing is staggered. The growth of these two crops in one area will provide the opportunity to get a big harvest.

When planting eggplant in open ground should follow some recommendations from experts.

• To the leaves are not yellowed and bloomed, should be abundantly irrigate the culture. Watering until the appearance of color is 1 time in 7 days. At this point, each bush should be given 2 liters of water per day.
• When flowering begins, the number of waterings should be reduced. In this case, pouring out 3 liters for each bush. Watering is done until the vegetable begins to bear fruit. And also periodically it is recommended to loosen the land in the area, so that it receives more oxygen and nutrients.
• If there are frosts in the region and the temperature can drop to +10 degrees at night, it is recommended to cover the eggplants with film at night so that the plants do not die from wind and frost. Some experts plant eggplant sprouts near large plants that shelter them from the cold.

• It is recommended to feed up eggplants for all the time of their growth 3 times. During the ripening period, extra leaves and flowers are removed on the shoots, while leaving the strongest ones.
• To get a great harvest of eggplant, you should choose the right seeds. To do this, they are worth buying only from trusted vendors, but you can also get it from your own eggplant. To do this, when harvesting it is necessary to leave those fruits that have a healthy look. From such bushes, all leaves should be removed so that the nutrients during germination only enter the fruit, which will help them to form better.
• When the eggplants are ripe, they should be cut and placed in a dark place for 10 days, after which the fruit is cut, the seeds are taken from the inside. They are placed in a glass container and left for 4–5 days in a dark place, then the seeds are washed and dried for two weeks at a temperature of +30 degrees. If you prepare the seeds in this way, they can be stored in this form for up to 5 years.

• During the ripening and growth of eggplant, they must be watered with nutrient mixtures. A kilogram of bird droppings is added to the bucket and diluted with warm water so that the consistency is liquid. Further, there is added a glass of nitrophoska and everything is thoroughly mixed. Then the solution should be put in a dark place for 4–5 days. After that, the mixture is poured on each bush in the amount of 2 liters.
• If you take the drugs store, it is better to use "Agricola Vegeta." This mixture is diluted in water in the proportions indicated on the package. The resulting mixture falls out on each plant, one liter.
• After the last feeding of the above options, it is necessary to produce one more after 2 weeks. To do this, take a bucket of water and 500 grams of bird droppings. The resulting mixture is left for 5 days in a dark place, then it is poured into each square. meter 5 liters.

• When watering you need to remember that water is used only warm, the temperature of which should be +25 degrees. If watering is done with cold water, the plant growth will stop, it will be worse to pollinate and give fruit.
• When plants begin to bloom and bear fruit, watering is done only at the root. Such activities should be carried out once or twice in 5 days.
• Before flowering, watering is done once a week, spraying 12 l of the preparation per square meter on the site. This should be done at a time when there is no sun outside. If it is very hot outside, then the number of irrigations increases to two times for 7 days.
• To better pollinate plants, it is recommended to shake every flower when they bloom.And you can also use special preparations that will help form the ovary. Bushes should have three leaves in order to better bear fruit.

As you can see, planting an eggplant is a rather painstaking job that requires certain skills and knowledge from the farmer. And also he will need to take care of them throughout the whole period of growing vegetables, providing a sufficient amount of water and the right temperature. When the fruit on the plant becomes purple, you can harvest. If you follow all these rules, you can easily grow a vegetable at your dacha, which can then be used both for spinning and for eating fresh.

How to form eggplants, see the next video.